In contrast with Ahl al-Sunna, the Mu’tazilah6 hold that human beings are accountable in the afterlife even before receiving the Messenger’s call صلى الله عليه وسلم. This is because they erroneously believe that good and evil are essential properties of acts (i.e. part of their quiddity). As such, they argue that since unaided human reason is capable of knowing the quiddity of any particular human act, it follows then that good acts and evil acts are also recognizable by the intellect without the aid of divine revelation. Hence, they hold that human beings by virtue of possessing intellect are not only accountable for knowing the truth of God, but for obeying Him and recognizing what actions constitute obedience and disobedience.