This document contains multiple choice questions related to various topics in psychology including research methods, attention, neuroscience, stress, sleep, and consciousness. The questions cover key concepts, processes, brain areas, experiments and more.
Subject PSY 011Name1. Useful theoriesA. lead to practica.docxhanneloremccaffery
Subject: PSY 011
Name:
1. Useful theories
A. lead to practical solutions to problems
B. provide researchers with many testable hypotheses
C. stimulate debate and research
D. all of the above
2. Random assignment is used to control for
A. Experimenter bias
B. The placebo effect
C. Selection bias
D. Participants bias
3. A _______ psychologist specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of mental and behavioral disorders
A. Social B. Development C. Clinical D. Cognitive
4. Which of the following psychologists is associated with the humanistic perspective?
A. Maslow B. Darwin C. Watson D. Freud
5. The branch like extensions of neurons that act as receivers of signals from other neurons are the
A. dendrites B. axons C. neurotransmitters D. cell bodies
6. According to a growing consensus among trait theorists, there are _______ major dimensions of personality
A. 3 B. 5 C. 7 D. 16
7. The electrical charge inside a neuron is about -70mV and is known as the blank potential.
A. Action B. Refractory C. Resting D. Impulse
8. An illusion is
A. an imaginary sensation B. an impossible figure
C. a misperception of a real stimulus D. a figure-ground reversal
9. Perception is the process we used to
A. organize and interpret stimuli B. detect stimuli
C. gather information from the environment D. retrieve information from memory
10. The process by which humans detect visual, auditory, and other stimuli is known as
A. perception B. transduction C. sensation D. threshold
11. Tactile is used in reference to the sense of
A. smell B. balance C. taste D. touch
12. Which of the following best defines consciousness?
A. Awareness B. Wakefulness C. Perceptiveness D. Rationality
13. Which type of sleep seems to a learning and memory?
A. Stage 1 B. Stage 2 C. Stage 3 and 4 D. REM sleep
14. Dreams are difficult to remember because most of them occurred during Stage 4 sleep.(T/F)
15. Which theory proposes that the purpose of sleep is to allow the body to test an recover?
A. Restorative theory of sleep B. Evolutionary theory of sleep
C. Adaptive theory of sleep D. Circadian theory of sleep.
16. A dog’s salivation in response to a musical note is a(n) (conditioned, unconditioned) response.
17. Punishment is roughly the same as negative reinforcement. (T/F)
18. Pavlov is associated with _______ conditioning.
A. Classical B. Operant C. Cognitive D. Watsonian
19. Transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory is called _______; bringing to mind the material that has been stored is called _______.
A. Encoding; decoding B. Consolidation; retrieval
C. Consolidation; decoding D. Encoding; retrieval
20. When you remember where you were an what you were doing when you received a shocking piece of news, you are experiencing
A. flashbulb memory B. sensory memory
C. semantic imagery D. interference
21. The 1st s.
FINAL EXAMNote It is recommended that you save your response as.docxssuser454af01
FINAL EXAM
Note: It is recommended that you save your response as you complete each question.
Question 1 (1 point)
Your textbook defines psychology as which of the following?
Question 1 options:
a)
The science of behavior
b)
The study of mental processes
c)
The study of mental disorders and their treatment
d)
The science of mind and behavior
Question 2 (1 point)
One morning, Alan wakes to the news that a powerful earthquake occurred in California. “I told you the big one would hit this year!” he exclaims. Alan appears subject to the _____ bias.
Question 2 options:
a)
cognitive
b)
hindsight
c)
predictive
d)
foresight
Question 3 (1 point)
Dr. Harris is describing the assumptions, rules, and procedures that psychologists use to gather observations. Dr. Harris is outlining the _____ method.
Question 3 options:
a)
deductive
b)
psychological
c)
rational
d)
scientific
Question 4 (1 point)
Andrea is reading a general, comprehensive explanation of the causes of human aggression in the introduction to a research report in psychology. Andrea is reading a(n):
Question 4 options:
a)
theory
b)
hypothesis
c)
operational definition
d)
explanation
Question 5 (1 point)
A hypothesis is best defined as a(n):
Question 5 options:
a)
specific prediction concerning the relationship between variables
b)
specification of a variable in terms of the procedures that will be used to measure it
c)
broad, general explanation of the phenomenon of interest
d)
behavior, event, or other characteristic that can assume different values
Question 6 (1 point)
Which of the following researchers is conducting a case study?
Question 6 options:
a)
Dr. Henriette, who is measuring how fast a group of students can respond to a stimulus.
b)
Dr. Innis, who is examining the tactile perception of a blind woman
c)
Dr. Jenner, who is observing children on a playground
d)
Dr. Kulik, who is combing through newspaper stories on serial killers
Question 7 (1 point)
The number of violent TV shows that a child watches is positively correlated with the aggressiveness of the child’s play. Why might this be?
Question 7 options:
a)
Viewing violent TV causes aggressive behavior
b)
Aggressive behavior causes viewing violent TV
c)
There is a third common-causal variable that creates the correlation
d)
A, B, or C may be correct but the correlation cannot tell us which one is correct
Question 8 (1 point)
Which of the following is the goal of experimental research?
Question 8 options:
a)
To assess the validity of a measurement
b)
To assess the relationships among variables
c)
To assess the current state of affairs
d)
To assess the causal influence of one or more manipulations
Question 9 (1 point)
Psychologists use the term __________ to refer to the pattern of enduring characteristics that lend stability and consistency to an individual's behavior and serve to differentiate one individual from another.
Qu ...
1. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of REM sleep a..docxMargaritoWhitt221
1. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of REM sleep?
a. Slow, delta waves in the electroencephalogram (EEG)
b. The eyes move rapidly
c. It begins about once every 90 minutes during the night
d. Dreams are likely to occur
2. The corpus callosum
a. is the part of the brain most important for thought and language
b. is densely packed with cell bodies of neurons
c. connects the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex
d. is the part of the brain most important for coordinating skilled voluntary movements
3. After damage to the corpus callosum, a person has difficulty naming
a. objects that were unfamiliar before the time of the damage
b. objects felt with the right hand
c. objects seen in the right visual field
d. objects seen in the left visual field
4. The right hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is specialized for controlling
a. rapid or athletic movements
b. hunger, thirst, and other biological motivations
c. complex visual and spatial tasks
d. language production
5. In the human brain, most of the axons from the optic nerve go to the
a. hypothalamus
b. thalamus
c. corpus callosum
d. cerebellum
6. Which of the following is NOT a common effect of alcohol?
a. depression of the brain areas that ordinarily inhibit aggressive, sexual, or playful behavior
b. increased anxiety and tension
c. impairment of judgment and memory
d. social lubrication
7. Alcohol and many tranquilizers exert many of their behavioral effects by facilitating
a. acetylcholine
b. dopamine
c. norepinephrine
d. GABA
8. Many psychologists believe that the brain has a special module devoted specifically to face recognition because
a. there is a map of the face on the cortex
b. each face that we have ever seen in stored in the brain
c. brain damage can impair the recognition of faces even though recognition of other objects is unimpaired
d. only humans are capable of recognizing faces
9. The hippocampus
a. is the part of the brain most important for thought and language
b. is densely packed with cell bodies of neurons and glia for control of metabolic activities
c. is part of the limbic system involved in consolidation of new long-term episodic memories
d. is the part of the brain most important for coordinating skilled voluntary movements
10. After someone takes a drug repeatedly, the drug's effects often grow weaker and weaker. This is called:
a. withdrawal
b. tolerance
c. addiction
d. analgesia
11. When excitatory neurotransmitter is released from synaptic vesicles from a pre-synaptic neuron's axon ending, what happens?
a. an IPSP occurs in the pre-synaptic neuron
b. an IPSP occurs in the post-synaptic neuron
c. an EPSP occurs in the post-synaptic neuron
d. an EPSP occurs in the pre-synaptic neuron
12. In an experiment on classical conditioning, a tone is followed by a puff of air to the eyes. After several repetitions, subjects blink their eyes .
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer.docxadelaidefarmer322
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet)
1. Habituation can be measured by:
(a) observing whole-body startle reactions to loud tones
(b) measuring the amount of blood flowing into one's brain
(c) measuring changes in the electrical conductivity of the skin
(d) all of the above
2.After habituating his animals to a visual stimulus, Dr. Stillman presents a novel tone to his subjects. Following the presentation of the tone, the animals are again shown the initial visual stimulus, but they no longer habituate to this event. What has occurred?
(a) generalization
(b) sensory adaptation
(c) savings
(d) dishabituation
3. Neurons directly involved in the reflex arc have been labeled:
(a) Type S
(b) Type R
(c) Type H
(d) Type A
4. Neurons that playa major role in the general level of arousal of the nervous system have been labeled:
(a) Type S
(b) Type R
(c) Type H
(d) Type A
5. Why is a CR sometimes called an anticipatory response?
(a) because a subject anticipates that making a CR will lead to some type of reward
(b) because a subject makes a CR during the presentation of the US
(c) because a subject makes a CR during the presentation of the CS
(d) none of the above
6.Which of the following methods of classical conditioning is focused on the survival value of conditioned associations?
(a) eyeblink conditioning
(b) SCR measurement
(c) conditioned taste aversion
(d) all of the above
7. One possible drawback to evaluative conditioning is:
(a) the reflexes studied are difficult to observe
(b) the SCRs that are to be evaluated can be painful to subjects
(c) the traditional CRs used with the procedure are too intense
(d) none of the above
8. Unconditioned Stimuli:
(a) have no biological significance to an organism
(b) are neutral stimuli
(c) cannot have their significance acquired
(d) none of the above
9. Unconditioned Stimuli:
(a) can have a sensory element to them
(b) are devoid of emotional significance
(c) do not typically elicit specific reactions
(d) are unidimensional
10.In a schedule, reinforcement occurs after a fixed number of responses.
(a) continuous reinforcement
(b) fixed ratio
(c) variable ratio
(d) fixed interval
11.The capacity to inhibit immediate gratification in preference for a larger reward in the long run is central to:
(a) secondary reinforcement
(b) self-control
(c) continuous reinforcement
(d) token reinforcement
12.A teacher giving a student a coupon they can exchange for a pencil, candy, or other reward is an example of this type of reinforcement.
(a) secondary and primary reinforcement
(b) self-control and token reinforcement
(c) primary and token reinforcement
(d) secondary and token reinforcement
13. After getting a good grade on an exam, Julie's mom gives Julie a big hug. The behavior of Julie's mom in this situation could best be described as:
(a) secondary reinforcement
(b) social reinforcement
(c) primary reinforcement
(d.
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed an.docxadelaidefarmer322
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet)
1. Habituation can be measured by:
(a) observing whole-body startle reactions to loud tones
(b) measuring the amount of blood flowing into one's brain
(c) measuring changes in the electrical conductivity of the skin
(d) all of the above
2.After habituating his animals to a visual stimulus, Dr. Stillman presents a novel tone to his subjects. Following the presentation of the tone, the animals are again shown the initial visual stimulus, but they no longer habituate to this event. What has occurred?
(a) generalization
(b) sensory adaptation
(c) savings
(d) dishabituation
3. Neurons directly involved in the reflex arc have been labeled:
(a) Type S
(b) Type R
(c) Type H
(d) Type A
4. Neurons that play a major role in the general level of arousal of the nervous system have been labeled:
(a) Type S
(b) Type R
(c) Type H
(d) Type A
5. Why is a CR sometimes called an anticipatory response?
(a) because a subject anticipates that making a CR will lead to some type of reward
(b) because a subject makes a CR during the presentation of the US
(c) because a subject makes a CR during the presentation of the CS
(d) none of the above
6.Which of the following methods of classical conditioning is focused on the survival value of conditioned associations?
(a) eyeblink conditioning
(b) SCR measurement
(c) conditioned taste aversion
(d) all of the above
7. One possible drawback to evaluative conditioning is:
(a) the reflexes studied are difficult to observe
(b) the SCRs that are to be evaluated can be painful to subjects
(c) the traditional CRs used with the procedure are too intense
(d) none of the above
8. Unconditioned Stimuli:
(a) have no biological significance to an organism
(b) are neutral stimuli
(c) cannot have their significance acquired
(d) none of the above
9. Unconditioned Stimuli:
(a) can have a sensory element to them
(b) are devoid of emotional significance
(c) do not typically elicit specific reactions
(d) are unidimensional
10.In a schedule, reinforcement occurs after a fixed number of responses.
(a) continuous reinforcement
(b) fixed ratio
(c) variable ratio
(d) fixed interval
11.The capacity to inhibit immediate gratification in preference for a larger reward in the long run is central to:
(a) secondary reinforcement
(b) self-control
(c) continuous reinforcement
(d) token reinforcement
12.A teacher giving a student a coupon they can exchange for a pencil, candy, or other reward is an example of this type of reinforcement.
(a) secondary and primary reinforcement
(b) self-control and token reinforcement
(c) primary and token reinforcement
(d) secondary and token reinforcement
13. After getting a good grade on an exam, Julie's mom gives Julie a big hug. The behavior of Julie's mom in this situation could best be described as:
(a) secondary reinforcement
(b) social reinforcement
(c) primary reinforcement
(.
1)In social psychology, a macro view looks at _____________ while a .docxcuddietheresa
1)In social psychology, a macro view looks at _____________ while a micro view looks at ______________. A-Collectivism; Individualism B-A whole culture; The individual c)The individual; A whole culture d)Individualism; Collectivism 2)Jane's eight-year-old son brought a note home from school today stating that he was involved in a fight at recess. Which of the following is an example of an external attribution that Jane might make to explain her son's behavior? A)the other child probably started the fight and he was protecting himself B)he's just like his father C)he probably couldn't help himself since he doesn't have much self-control D)he always gets in fights 3)Marlow feels that she is a good person. When she wins the lottery for 1 million dollars, she feels like she deserves it because good things happen to good people. Her hard work of always being a kind and generous person has finally paid off in life, just like her parents had always told her it would! Marlow’s attitude toward life would be called what in social psychology? A)Good B)Just world hypothesis C)A prosocial attitude D)Macro view 4)On the playground, a group of 6th graders were standing around watching the 6th grade bully, Stan, beat up Milo, the 6th grade dork. According to social psychology, a group of observers are less likely than an individual is to help someone in trouble. This concept is called___________________. A)Milgram's effect B)The bystander effect C)Obedience training D)Helping behavior 5)A(n) ____________________ is defined as a distinct psychological state involving a subjective experience, physical arousal, or de-arousal, and a behavioral or expressive response, and is more intense and short lived than a mood. A)characteristic B)emotion C)response D)personality trait 6)Which of the following is NOT one of the four phases of the human sexual response? A)Orgasm B)Refractory C)Excitement D)Plateau 7) John is a psychologist. He examines work environments and management styles and makes suggestions to companies on ways to increase worker productivity. Based on this information, John is most likely to work as: A)A clinical psychologist B)An industrial organization psychologist C)A sex researcher D)A psychoanalytic psychologist 8) Mattie is convinced that her neighbors are trying to poison her by sending a deadly gas through her vents. Mattie is displaying A)auditory hallucinations B)flat affect C)visual hallucinations D)delusions 9)The class of psychological disorders characterized by people losing contact with portions of their consciousness or memory which results in disruption in their sense of identity is A)mood disorders B)somatoform disorders C)dissociative disorders D)schizophrenic disorders 10)Grayson seems to be preoccupied with the possibility that he might miss an important message from someone in his family. He checks for new messages on his answering machine every 15 minutes. Grayson's constant checking for messages could be considered an example of .
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Similar to Psyhcology revision unit 3 Multiple choice questions
Subject PSY 011Name1. Useful theoriesA. lead to practica.docxhanneloremccaffery
Subject: PSY 011
Name:
1. Useful theories
A. lead to practical solutions to problems
B. provide researchers with many testable hypotheses
C. stimulate debate and research
D. all of the above
2. Random assignment is used to control for
A. Experimenter bias
B. The placebo effect
C. Selection bias
D. Participants bias
3. A _______ psychologist specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of mental and behavioral disorders
A. Social B. Development C. Clinical D. Cognitive
4. Which of the following psychologists is associated with the humanistic perspective?
A. Maslow B. Darwin C. Watson D. Freud
5. The branch like extensions of neurons that act as receivers of signals from other neurons are the
A. dendrites B. axons C. neurotransmitters D. cell bodies
6. According to a growing consensus among trait theorists, there are _______ major dimensions of personality
A. 3 B. 5 C. 7 D. 16
7. The electrical charge inside a neuron is about -70mV and is known as the blank potential.
A. Action B. Refractory C. Resting D. Impulse
8. An illusion is
A. an imaginary sensation B. an impossible figure
C. a misperception of a real stimulus D. a figure-ground reversal
9. Perception is the process we used to
A. organize and interpret stimuli B. detect stimuli
C. gather information from the environment D. retrieve information from memory
10. The process by which humans detect visual, auditory, and other stimuli is known as
A. perception B. transduction C. sensation D. threshold
11. Tactile is used in reference to the sense of
A. smell B. balance C. taste D. touch
12. Which of the following best defines consciousness?
A. Awareness B. Wakefulness C. Perceptiveness D. Rationality
13. Which type of sleep seems to a learning and memory?
A. Stage 1 B. Stage 2 C. Stage 3 and 4 D. REM sleep
14. Dreams are difficult to remember because most of them occurred during Stage 4 sleep.(T/F)
15. Which theory proposes that the purpose of sleep is to allow the body to test an recover?
A. Restorative theory of sleep B. Evolutionary theory of sleep
C. Adaptive theory of sleep D. Circadian theory of sleep.
16. A dog’s salivation in response to a musical note is a(n) (conditioned, unconditioned) response.
17. Punishment is roughly the same as negative reinforcement. (T/F)
18. Pavlov is associated with _______ conditioning.
A. Classical B. Operant C. Cognitive D. Watsonian
19. Transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory is called _______; bringing to mind the material that has been stored is called _______.
A. Encoding; decoding B. Consolidation; retrieval
C. Consolidation; decoding D. Encoding; retrieval
20. When you remember where you were an what you were doing when you received a shocking piece of news, you are experiencing
A. flashbulb memory B. sensory memory
C. semantic imagery D. interference
21. The 1st s.
FINAL EXAMNote It is recommended that you save your response as.docxssuser454af01
FINAL EXAM
Note: It is recommended that you save your response as you complete each question.
Question 1 (1 point)
Your textbook defines psychology as which of the following?
Question 1 options:
a)
The science of behavior
b)
The study of mental processes
c)
The study of mental disorders and their treatment
d)
The science of mind and behavior
Question 2 (1 point)
One morning, Alan wakes to the news that a powerful earthquake occurred in California. “I told you the big one would hit this year!” he exclaims. Alan appears subject to the _____ bias.
Question 2 options:
a)
cognitive
b)
hindsight
c)
predictive
d)
foresight
Question 3 (1 point)
Dr. Harris is describing the assumptions, rules, and procedures that psychologists use to gather observations. Dr. Harris is outlining the _____ method.
Question 3 options:
a)
deductive
b)
psychological
c)
rational
d)
scientific
Question 4 (1 point)
Andrea is reading a general, comprehensive explanation of the causes of human aggression in the introduction to a research report in psychology. Andrea is reading a(n):
Question 4 options:
a)
theory
b)
hypothesis
c)
operational definition
d)
explanation
Question 5 (1 point)
A hypothesis is best defined as a(n):
Question 5 options:
a)
specific prediction concerning the relationship between variables
b)
specification of a variable in terms of the procedures that will be used to measure it
c)
broad, general explanation of the phenomenon of interest
d)
behavior, event, or other characteristic that can assume different values
Question 6 (1 point)
Which of the following researchers is conducting a case study?
Question 6 options:
a)
Dr. Henriette, who is measuring how fast a group of students can respond to a stimulus.
b)
Dr. Innis, who is examining the tactile perception of a blind woman
c)
Dr. Jenner, who is observing children on a playground
d)
Dr. Kulik, who is combing through newspaper stories on serial killers
Question 7 (1 point)
The number of violent TV shows that a child watches is positively correlated with the aggressiveness of the child’s play. Why might this be?
Question 7 options:
a)
Viewing violent TV causes aggressive behavior
b)
Aggressive behavior causes viewing violent TV
c)
There is a third common-causal variable that creates the correlation
d)
A, B, or C may be correct but the correlation cannot tell us which one is correct
Question 8 (1 point)
Which of the following is the goal of experimental research?
Question 8 options:
a)
To assess the validity of a measurement
b)
To assess the relationships among variables
c)
To assess the current state of affairs
d)
To assess the causal influence of one or more manipulations
Question 9 (1 point)
Psychologists use the term __________ to refer to the pattern of enduring characteristics that lend stability and consistency to an individual's behavior and serve to differentiate one individual from another.
Qu ...
1. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of REM sleep a..docxMargaritoWhitt221
1. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of REM sleep?
a. Slow, delta waves in the electroencephalogram (EEG)
b. The eyes move rapidly
c. It begins about once every 90 minutes during the night
d. Dreams are likely to occur
2. The corpus callosum
a. is the part of the brain most important for thought and language
b. is densely packed with cell bodies of neurons
c. connects the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex
d. is the part of the brain most important for coordinating skilled voluntary movements
3. After damage to the corpus callosum, a person has difficulty naming
a. objects that were unfamiliar before the time of the damage
b. objects felt with the right hand
c. objects seen in the right visual field
d. objects seen in the left visual field
4. The right hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is specialized for controlling
a. rapid or athletic movements
b. hunger, thirst, and other biological motivations
c. complex visual and spatial tasks
d. language production
5. In the human brain, most of the axons from the optic nerve go to the
a. hypothalamus
b. thalamus
c. corpus callosum
d. cerebellum
6. Which of the following is NOT a common effect of alcohol?
a. depression of the brain areas that ordinarily inhibit aggressive, sexual, or playful behavior
b. increased anxiety and tension
c. impairment of judgment and memory
d. social lubrication
7. Alcohol and many tranquilizers exert many of their behavioral effects by facilitating
a. acetylcholine
b. dopamine
c. norepinephrine
d. GABA
8. Many psychologists believe that the brain has a special module devoted specifically to face recognition because
a. there is a map of the face on the cortex
b. each face that we have ever seen in stored in the brain
c. brain damage can impair the recognition of faces even though recognition of other objects is unimpaired
d. only humans are capable of recognizing faces
9. The hippocampus
a. is the part of the brain most important for thought and language
b. is densely packed with cell bodies of neurons and glia for control of metabolic activities
c. is part of the limbic system involved in consolidation of new long-term episodic memories
d. is the part of the brain most important for coordinating skilled voluntary movements
10. After someone takes a drug repeatedly, the drug's effects often grow weaker and weaker. This is called:
a. withdrawal
b. tolerance
c. addiction
d. analgesia
11. When excitatory neurotransmitter is released from synaptic vesicles from a pre-synaptic neuron's axon ending, what happens?
a. an IPSP occurs in the pre-synaptic neuron
b. an IPSP occurs in the post-synaptic neuron
c. an EPSP occurs in the post-synaptic neuron
d. an EPSP occurs in the pre-synaptic neuron
12. In an experiment on classical conditioning, a tone is followed by a puff of air to the eyes. After several repetitions, subjects blink their eyes .
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer.docxadelaidefarmer322
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet)
1. Habituation can be measured by:
(a) observing whole-body startle reactions to loud tones
(b) measuring the amount of blood flowing into one's brain
(c) measuring changes in the electrical conductivity of the skin
(d) all of the above
2.After habituating his animals to a visual stimulus, Dr. Stillman presents a novel tone to his subjects. Following the presentation of the tone, the animals are again shown the initial visual stimulus, but they no longer habituate to this event. What has occurred?
(a) generalization
(b) sensory adaptation
(c) savings
(d) dishabituation
3. Neurons directly involved in the reflex arc have been labeled:
(a) Type S
(b) Type R
(c) Type H
(d) Type A
4. Neurons that playa major role in the general level of arousal of the nervous system have been labeled:
(a) Type S
(b) Type R
(c) Type H
(d) Type A
5. Why is a CR sometimes called an anticipatory response?
(a) because a subject anticipates that making a CR will lead to some type of reward
(b) because a subject makes a CR during the presentation of the US
(c) because a subject makes a CR during the presentation of the CS
(d) none of the above
6.Which of the following methods of classical conditioning is focused on the survival value of conditioned associations?
(a) eyeblink conditioning
(b) SCR measurement
(c) conditioned taste aversion
(d) all of the above
7. One possible drawback to evaluative conditioning is:
(a) the reflexes studied are difficult to observe
(b) the SCRs that are to be evaluated can be painful to subjects
(c) the traditional CRs used with the procedure are too intense
(d) none of the above
8. Unconditioned Stimuli:
(a) have no biological significance to an organism
(b) are neutral stimuli
(c) cannot have their significance acquired
(d) none of the above
9. Unconditioned Stimuli:
(a) can have a sensory element to them
(b) are devoid of emotional significance
(c) do not typically elicit specific reactions
(d) are unidimensional
10.In a schedule, reinforcement occurs after a fixed number of responses.
(a) continuous reinforcement
(b) fixed ratio
(c) variable ratio
(d) fixed interval
11.The capacity to inhibit immediate gratification in preference for a larger reward in the long run is central to:
(a) secondary reinforcement
(b) self-control
(c) continuous reinforcement
(d) token reinforcement
12.A teacher giving a student a coupon they can exchange for a pencil, candy, or other reward is an example of this type of reinforcement.
(a) secondary and primary reinforcement
(b) self-control and token reinforcement
(c) primary and token reinforcement
(d) secondary and token reinforcement
13. After getting a good grade on an exam, Julie's mom gives Julie a big hug. The behavior of Julie's mom in this situation could best be described as:
(a) secondary reinforcement
(b) social reinforcement
(c) primary reinforcement
(d.
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed an.docxadelaidefarmer322
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet)
1. Habituation can be measured by:
(a) observing whole-body startle reactions to loud tones
(b) measuring the amount of blood flowing into one's brain
(c) measuring changes in the electrical conductivity of the skin
(d) all of the above
2.After habituating his animals to a visual stimulus, Dr. Stillman presents a novel tone to his subjects. Following the presentation of the tone, the animals are again shown the initial visual stimulus, but they no longer habituate to this event. What has occurred?
(a) generalization
(b) sensory adaptation
(c) savings
(d) dishabituation
3. Neurons directly involved in the reflex arc have been labeled:
(a) Type S
(b) Type R
(c) Type H
(d) Type A
4. Neurons that play a major role in the general level of arousal of the nervous system have been labeled:
(a) Type S
(b) Type R
(c) Type H
(d) Type A
5. Why is a CR sometimes called an anticipatory response?
(a) because a subject anticipates that making a CR will lead to some type of reward
(b) because a subject makes a CR during the presentation of the US
(c) because a subject makes a CR during the presentation of the CS
(d) none of the above
6.Which of the following methods of classical conditioning is focused on the survival value of conditioned associations?
(a) eyeblink conditioning
(b) SCR measurement
(c) conditioned taste aversion
(d) all of the above
7. One possible drawback to evaluative conditioning is:
(a) the reflexes studied are difficult to observe
(b) the SCRs that are to be evaluated can be painful to subjects
(c) the traditional CRs used with the procedure are too intense
(d) none of the above
8. Unconditioned Stimuli:
(a) have no biological significance to an organism
(b) are neutral stimuli
(c) cannot have their significance acquired
(d) none of the above
9. Unconditioned Stimuli:
(a) can have a sensory element to them
(b) are devoid of emotional significance
(c) do not typically elicit specific reactions
(d) are unidimensional
10.In a schedule, reinforcement occurs after a fixed number of responses.
(a) continuous reinforcement
(b) fixed ratio
(c) variable ratio
(d) fixed interval
11.The capacity to inhibit immediate gratification in preference for a larger reward in the long run is central to:
(a) secondary reinforcement
(b) self-control
(c) continuous reinforcement
(d) token reinforcement
12.A teacher giving a student a coupon they can exchange for a pencil, candy, or other reward is an example of this type of reinforcement.
(a) secondary and primary reinforcement
(b) self-control and token reinforcement
(c) primary and token reinforcement
(d) secondary and token reinforcement
13. After getting a good grade on an exam, Julie's mom gives Julie a big hug. The behavior of Julie's mom in this situation could best be described as:
(a) secondary reinforcement
(b) social reinforcement
(c) primary reinforcement
(.
1)In social psychology, a macro view looks at _____________ while a .docxcuddietheresa
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Psyhcology revision unit 3 Multiple choice questions
1.
2. A) Is how you can choose your sample from
the population
B) Happens when you are distributing
participants into the control or
experimental group
C) Is avoided by the researchers as it
unreliable
3. A) p < 0.001
B) p < 0.01
C) p < 0.10
D) p < 0.05
4. A) Focussed attention
B) Minimum attention
C) A shift in attention from internal to
external stimuli
D) A shift in attention form external to
internal stimuli
5. A) Participants are responsible for the
research
B) Participants can make comments on the
results whenever they want to
C) The welfare of the researcher is not
compromised in any way
D) The welfare of the participants are not
compromised in any way
6. A) all conditions of the experiment
B) the IV only
C) the IV repeatedly
D) the DV repeatedly
7. A) How the variables being studied will be
observed, manipulated and measured
B) The operational procedures used in the
study
C) How the researcher will use the IV
D) How the DV will be measured
8. A) Enables us to spread our attention between various
activities
B) Prevents us form taking in any other information
C) Is an altered state of consciousness in which we can
only focus on a few select features of a stimulus
D) Is associated with normal waking consciousness and
filters information form the complete range of what we
are experiencing
15. A) Voluntary movements of skeletal
muscles
B) Involuntary movement of skeletal
muscles
C) The amount of the cortex that is sensitive
to movement
D) The sensitivity of body parts
16. A) Comprehending a VCE lecture
B) Giving an oral presentation
C) Kicking a football
D) Detecting a light touch on the cheek
17. A) Using a PET to stimulate the brain’s
electrical activity
B) Using the EEG to record the brains
electrical activity
C) Using the MRI to examine brain structure
D) Using CT to examine brain structure
19. A) Activates bodily functions to deal with a
stressor
B) Activates the muscular relaxation and
decreases heart rate
C) Is slower to respond in an emergency
situation than the parasympathetic
nervous system
D) Maintains the internal systems of the
body in a balanced state
21. A) Causes stressors
B) Always leads to permanent physiological
and psychological illnesses
C) Affects all people in the same way
D) Can be caused by factors within and
outside the individual and may have
physiological and or psychological
effects
23. A) The overall state of alertness and
activation of an organism
B) The amount of stress an organism
requires to function at their best
C) The maintenance of bodily functions to
conserve energy
D) The activation of the parasympathetic
nervous system
24. A) Maintain the parasympathetic nervous
system in an active state, resulting in
disease
B) Contribute to a breakdown in the
functioning of the Immune system
C) Deplete the body of all its hormones
D) Cause cancer, but only if the person is in
a negative emotional state
28. A) A continuum
B) A person’s level of awareness of their
internal state and external events
C) A person’s level of awareness of their
internal state without awareness of
external environment
D) A person’s physiological responses to
external stimuli
29. A) a state of wakefulness
B) our awareness of how we are feeling
C) a state of full alertness and focused attention
D) a mixture of automatic and controlled
processes
30. A) We can usually consciously control the
information coming into consciousness
B) Information is continually flowing in and
out of consciousness
C) there is a limit to the amount of time
we’re are awake
D) Controlled processed dominate
automatic processes
31. A) An important stimulus
B) A novel stimulus
C) An unchanging stimulus
D) A changing stimulus
32. A) Eye movements or position
B) Muscle tone or muscle movement
C) Areas in the cerebral cortex
D) Areas deep within the brain
33. A) During the night, REM sleep lengthens in
duration
B) During the night, REM sleep occurs after
each NREM cycle
C) Muscle tone increases during REM sleep
D) REM follows the lightest stages of sleep
34. A) Results from a preoccupation with one’s
own thoughts
B) Results from insufficient REM sleep
C) Usually occurs within a few minutes of
falling asleep
D) Usually occurs during the deepest stage
of NREM sleep
37. A) Make more errors on all types of tasks than
they would when not deprived of sleep
B) Make fewer errors on simple, boring tasks than
they would when not sleep deprived
C) Make more errors on complex or interesting
tasks than they would when not deprived of
sleep
D) Make more errors on simple, boring tasks than
they would when not sleep deprived
38. A) REM sleep
B) NREM sleep stage 1
C) NREM sleep stage 2
D) NREM sleep stage 4
