Proximal femur orthopaedic anatomy
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The document discusses the anatomy and biomechanics of the proximal femur. It describes the insertion points of the femoral head capsule anteriorly and posteriorly. It outlines the muscles that abduct, flex, and externally rotate the proximal fragment as well as the muscles that adduct and shorten the distal fragment. The document also discusses radiographic landmarks used to assess alignment of femoral neck fractures, including the Garden alignment index.
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Proximal femur orthopaedic anatomy
- 1. ” َمْلِع َال َكَناَحْبُس ْاوُلاَق ْمَّلَع اَم َّالِإ اَنَل اَنََت ِكَحْلا ُميِلَعْلا َنتَأ َكَّنِإ ُمي ” ِيم ِحَّالر ِمـنْحَّالر ِ ه ّللا ِمْسِب
- 2. Proximal Femur Orthopaedic Anatomy By Gehad Samir Ibrahim Bedda Assistant lecturer Orthopaedic department – Menoufia university
- 4. Anterior
- 5. Posterior
- 9. Capsule inserts on IT line anteriorly, but at midcervical level posteriorly.
- 10. Posterior Anterior Capsule inserts on IT line anteriorly, but at midcervical level posteriorly.
- 31. The proximal fragment is abducted by the gluteus medius and minimus. Flexed by the iliopsoas. Externally rotated by short external rotators. The distal fragment is adducted and shortened by the adductors and gracilis.
- 40. Garden alignment index AP view: angle between the medial shaft and the central axis of the medial compressive trabeculae between 160 and 180⁰. An angle of < 160⁰ indicates varus, whereas an angle of > 180⁰ indicates excessive valgus. Lateral view: angulation approximately 180⁰ and deviation of > 20⁰ indicates excessive anteversion or retroversion.
- 49. The proximal fragment is abducted by the gluteus medius and minimus. Flexed by the iliopsoas. Externally rotated by short external rotators. The distal fragment is adducted and shortened by the adductors and gracilis.