This document provides examples and explanations for using the present perfect tense in English. It discusses using the present perfect for actions that began in the past and continue in the present, for completed experiences, and for actions without a specified time period. It also covers using the present perfect to indicate how many times an action has occurred or how much of something has been completed. The document gives affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms of the present perfect and examples of using time expressions like "for" and "since" with the tense. It provides exercises for learners to practice forming present perfect sentences based on prompts.

1. USAGE:
 When we talk about the
actions which started in the
past and related to NOW.
I have lived in Izmir for a year.
She has painted the walls.
When we talk about our
experiences:
I have visited Istanbul.
He has been to Egypt.
 When we talk about past
actions but we don’t mention an
EXACT TIME :
We have travelled to Europe.
He has seen that film.
 When we talk about not
finished time periods such as
this month, this year, all … life
It has rained a lot this year.
They have been to many
countries all their lives.
 When we talk about how
many times we have done an
action:
She has got married twice.
You have read it five times.
 When we talk about how
much of an action we have
completed.
I’ve read 3 pages of the report.
We’ve heard half of the story.
Fill in the gaps with present perfect tense and
identify the sentences which usage they refer to:
1. I moved to London in 2004 and still I live there,
so I __________ (live) in London for 5 years.
2. Maria ___________ (read) this book.
3. We ___________ (watch) the news this
morning.
4. My brother ___________ (visit) the Pyramids
more than three times.
5. I ___________ (see) an elephant.
6. It ___________ (snow) a little this year.
7. Alvin ___________ (have) an operation twice.
8. My mother ___________ (go) shopping.
9. You ____________ (meet) John before.
10. Lucia ____________ (write) 3 chapters of her
term paper.
11. You ____________ (interview) a lot of famous
people in your life.
12. Mr Taimu ____________ (sell) his car.
13. My cousin ____________ ( make) a cake.
14. My father ___________ (work) for IBM since
the last year.
15. Ali __________ (wash) the car.
16. We __________ (be) to abroad many times.
17. Judy __________ (break) her arm.
TIME EXPRESSIONS with PRESENT PERFECT :
recently, lately, this year, this month,
today, so far, up to now, for, since, in
my life, over the past, ever since, in
these times, since July 1 981 , ever
since I met you, ever since 1950, up
to now, so far, never, always,
recently, lately, once, many times,
several times, before, twice,
yet (negative sentences)
already, (positive sentences)

2. AFFIRMATIVE
I have gone …
You have swum…
We have spoken…
They have been …
He has studied…
She has eaten …
It has broken…
NEGATIVE
I haven’t chosen …
You haven’t drunk …
We haven’t fallen …
They haven’t begun…
He hasn’t taught …
She hasn’t driven …
It hasn’t given…
INTERROGATIVE
Have I chosen… ?
Have you drunk… ?
Have we fallen … ?
Have they gone … ?
Has he studied … ?
Has she swum … ?
Has it rained … ?
Make negative Present Perfect
sentences by using th given prompts:
1. Betty – not clean – her room
______________________________
2. not finish – the report – Joe
______________________________
3. not see – we – before – it
______________________________
4. the news – not hear – hear
______________________________
5. my homework – not do – I
______________________________
6. not snow – it – this year – a lot
______________________________
7. you – not be – to Istanbul - before
Write Present Perfect sentences with the
given prompts and FOR and SINCE :
1. live – in London – we ( over 10 years )
_______________________________
2. I – her – not see ( last Christmas )
_______________________________
3. Judy – IBM – work for ( 2001 )
_______________________________
4. Joe – Spanish – learn ( he was 9 )
_______________________________
5. teach – Mr Poat – Maths ( ages )
_______________________________
6. not talk – they – to her ( months )
_______________________________
7. them – not hear – about ( January )
Change the following sentences into
“yes/no questions” :
1. She has gone to the supermarket.
______________________________
2. We have visited many museums
______________________________
3. He has sent the invitations.
______________________________
4. I have given all the books back.
______________________________
5. It has rained enough this year.
______________________________
6. You have finished the exercise.
______________________________
7. They have seen that film before.
FOR or SINCE
We use FOR with a period of time
We use SINCE with the time when the
action started.
FOR a few days SINCE Tuesday
long hours 6 o c’lock
ten months October
two years 2007
a long time I was born
years Christmas
ten minutes last June