The document provides an overview of the present perfect tense, including its affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms. It explains the usage of this tense for actions without specific time references, recent actions with ongoing effects, and it outlines common adverbial expressions. Additionally, the document includes exercises for practice with filling in verbs, reordering adverbs, and choosing the correct form.

1. PRESENT
PERFECT TENSE

2. FORM
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I have watched that film. I haven’t watched that film. Have I watched that film?
You have seen him twice. You haven’t seen him twice. Have you seen him twice?
He / She / It has eaten lunch. He / She / It hasn’t eaten lunch. Has he / she / it eaten lunch?
We have invited her. We haven’t invited her. Have we invited her.
You have worked hard. You haven’t worked hard. Have you worked hard?
They have visited us. They haven’t visited us. Have they visited us?

3. USE OF PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
A)
She has removed all the furniture in the house.
They have painted their house.
She removed all the furniture in the house last weekend.
They painted their house a few weeks ago.
NOT: Even if we do not use the tense for the action we took in the past, we still use «Simple
Past» if we are implying the time.
I saw that movie when I was in Ankara. (Although the exact time is not given …when I was in
Ankara… it refers to a certain period in the past.)
We use this tense if we are describing the actions we have done
in the past without giving time. However, if e are expressing the
same actions by specifying the time, we should use "Simple Past".

4. B) We use this tense for actions in the recent past whose consequences or effects are
ongoing at the present moment.
I have burnt myself. (I’m in pain now.)
I have cleaned the house. (It’s clean now.)
(Meeting a friend in the street)
-You have cut your hair!
-Yes, I went to barber’s last week.

5. C) We use this tense with adverbs denoting an incomplete period, such as today, this
morning, this week, this month, this year, this century, etc.
I've been to the cinema twice this week.
I haven't been able to go on holiday this year.
Technology has advanced greatly this century.
NOTE: Generally, the time until 13.00 is in the morning, until 17.00 in the afternoon, and
between 17.00 and 20.00 in the evening. In this situation..
I haven't heard the alarm this morning. (It's 11:00 a.m. now.)
We can say his statement in the morning when my language is not yet finished.
Otherwise;
I didn't hear the alarm this morning. (It's 2 p.m. now.)

6. TIME EXPRESSION EXAMPLE
Lately, recently There has been great progress in Science of Medicine
recently.
Yet -Have you finished your homework yet?
–No, I haven’t finished it yet.
Just -Is the manager in? –No, he has just gone out.
Already -Shall we go to see the film ‘The Lord of the Rings’?
–Not a good idea! I have already seen it.
Ever / Never -Have you ever ridden on an elephant? –No, I’ve ridden a
camel once, but I’ve never ridden on an elephant.
So far (up to now, until now)
For He has been the manager for three months.
They haven’t had opportunity to have holiday for years.
Since I last saw him in April, I haven’t seen him since then.
She has read 50 pages since I gave the book to her.
Once, twice, three times, several
times, many times, all my life etc.
She has invited me to her house many times, but I have
never had any spare time.
I’ve seen her parents only once.

7. ✔It is / It has been + a period of time + since + Simple Past
It is / It has been three months since I went to the cinema.
It is / It has been just two weeks since they got married.
✔This is the first / second etc. time (that) + Present Perfect
This is the third time (that) he has played tennis, so he isn’t good at it.
This is the fifth cup of coffee (that) you have drunk in the last two hours.
✔This is + superlative (that) + Present Perfect
This is the most boring book (that) I have ever read.
This is the most difficult situation (that) I have ever been in.

8. GONE OR BEEN
✔"GONE" is used if the person is at the place mentioned or has set out to go to the said
place.
✔-I'd like to talk to your mother. Is she at home?
✔-No, she has gone shopping.

9. A) Fill in the correct form of the verb.
1. My brother _____ never _____ this film. (see)
2. Our school team _____ just ______ the competition. (win)
3. They _____ already _____ the test in Maths. (write)
4. He _____ ______ the report for the conference yet. (not, prepare)
5. I ______ already ______ an invitation to the wedding. (receive)
6. She _____ never _____ sushi in Japan. (eat)
7. We _____ ______ at this conference. (not, meet)
8. _____you ever _____ to India? (be)
9. We _____ just _____ the bus. (miss)
10. Whom _____ you just _____ an SMS? (send)
11. They _____ already _____ their homework. (do)
12. I _____ never _____ any planes in my life. (fly)
13. What _____ you already ______ for her birthday? (buy)

10. B) Rewrite the sentences putting the adverbs in the correct place.
1. Have you visited any famous museums? (ever)
_____________________________________________________________
2. They haven’t signed this contract. (yet)
_____________________________________________________________
3. She has spoken to her neighbour. (never)
_____________________________________________________________
4. We have finished our test in Maths. (just)
_____________________________________________________________
5. They have gone to the swimming pool. (already)
______________________________________________________________
6. He has been to Australia. (never)
______________________________________________________________
7. I haven’t bought a new car. (yet)
______________________________________________________________
Have you ever visited any famous museums?
They haven’t signed this contract yet.
She has never spoken to her neighbour.
We have just finished our test in Maths.
They have already gone to the swimming pool.
He has never been to Australia.
I haven’t bought a new car yet.

11. C) Write the answers using the words in brackets.
1. Have you washed the dishes? (just)
_____________________________________________________________
2. Have you seen this new film? (yet)
_____________________________________________________________
3. Have you been to New Zealand? (never)
_____________________________________________________________
4. Have you checked your homework? (already)
_____________________________________________________________
5. Have you phoned your friend today? (already)
_____________________________________________________________
6. Have you ever touched crocodiles? (never)
_____________________________________________________________
7. Have you drunk an apple juice today? (just)
______________________________________________________________

12. D) Underline the correct form of the verb.
1 I (went/ have been) to Italy last year.
2 I (didn't see/ haven't seen) Adam today. Is he ill?
3 My friends (arrived/ have arrived) at the theatre at seven o'clock.
4 (Has Tom finished / Did Tom finish) his dinner? Yes, he’s in his bedroom.
5 When (have you first met / did you first meet) your best friend?
6 My brother (hasn’t taken / didn't take) our dog for a walk yesterday.
7 Look! She is crying, she (broke / has broken) her leg.
8 (Have you played / did you play) baseball before?
9 They (had / have had) a party last Saturday.
10 (Did you watch / Have you watched) the football match last night?