This document discusses the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in international negotiations using the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) negotiations as a case study. It finds that NGOs established transnational advocacy networks that were successful in slowing down the TTIP negotiations and influencing the positions of key actors on issues like the investor-state dispute settlement mechanism. NGOs also engaged in normative reframing of the issues and proposed alternatives. While only achieving partial success in increasing transparency, NGO activism demonstrated the important role such groups can play in modern diplomatic dynamics.

1. Giuseppe Leotta
SUPERVISOR:
Chiar.ma Prof.ssa
Daniela Irrera

2. Political
balkanization
Political interdependence
Need for Cooperation Restructuring interdependence
in a pacific way
«We should negotiate even when we
have nothing to negotiate about»
«The art of moving
through uncertainty»
Ngo Protagonism

4. Track II Diplomacy SalamiTactics
Rephrasing
Logrolling
Delinkage

5. The prisoner’s dilemma
The lesson of this game,
Which could be perfectly
Applied in the domain of
Negotiation, is that an
Individual best choice does
Not necessarily produce a
Collective optimal result.

6. «Groupthink» Cognitive Distortions Emotional Competence

8. Issue Framing Agenda setting
Position of key
actors
Final agreement
procedural
issues
Final agreement
substantive
issues
The importance of the Betsill and Corell analytical framework
0
2
4
6
High low medium
Description of the Ngo
Influence

9. Case Study

10. -Establishment of a «transnational
advocacy network»
-Success in slowing down the negotiations
-Influence in changing the positions of key-
actors on crucial issues as ISDS mechanism
-Normative re-framing of the issues at
stake
-Proposition of alternatives
-Partial successes in fighting the lack of
transparency
Ngos activism

11. The practice of negotiation seems
the only reliable method to «wave» together
the fragile and thin wires of cooperation And interdependence
Negotiations are influenced and «wrapped» by
the surrounding social, historical and emotional context
Negotiations are living agreement, they never stop.
The practice of negotiation reminds us
the importance of words
Negotiations are always being a
«Chiaroscuro» activity
The realm of negotiations is not
«state exclusivist»
Elements as the ability to shape
The position of key States on specific
Issues are good indicators to assess
The influence of Ngos within an international
negotiation
Trade politics are not a technocratic realm
They involve the daily life of millions of consumers
Drafting the conclusions of this study, I affirmThat the practice of negotiation is, nowadays,
Essential to compose conflict through compromises And to contribute in building a peaceful future and that
Is evident the not minor role played by Ngos within diplomatic Dynamics as theTTIP case clearly highlights