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Presentation8.ppxjjij rrrrrttgv bhhhhuh

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‫ﮐﻮردﺳﺘﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﺎم‬ ‫ھﮫر‬ ‫ﺣﮑﻮﻣﮫﺗﺎ‬ – ‫ـﺮاﻗ‬ ‫ﻋـ‬ ‫ﭘﮫروەردە‬ ‫ﮐـﻮﻟـﯿــﮋا‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﻧﺪﻧ‬ ‫وەزارەﺗﺎ‬ ‫زاﻧــــــــــــــــــــــــــﮑﻮﯾﺎ‬ ‫زاﺧــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــﻮ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﮑﺎ‬ / ‫ـﺪەھــﯿــﺎن‬ ‫ﺳـﭙـ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﻧﺪﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﻣﺎدەﮐرن‬ : ‫ﺳﻠﯾم‬ ‫ﺋﮫﮐرەم‬ ‫ﺳوﻻڤ‬ ‫ﻋﺑداﻟﺣﯾم‬ ‫ﭬﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺟﺑﻠﻲ‬ ‫ھﭭﺎل‬ ‫رەﺷﯾد‬ ‫ﺣﻣزە‬ ‫ﻋﻔﺎم‬ ‫ﺋﺎراس‬ ‫رﯾﺑن‬ ‫ﺷرﻗﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﻌود‬ ‫ﺷﯾﻣﺎء‬ ‫ﺳﮫرﭘﮫرﺷﺗﯾﺎر‬ : ‫ﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺳﻠ‬ ‫زاھﯾدە‬ ‫دي‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﻲ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫دﮔﮫ‬ ‫ﻣروﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻧدﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﯾوه‬ ‫ﭘﮫ‬ ) ‫ﻣروﭬﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ( ‫ﺑﺎﺑﮫت‬
 ‫ﻧﺎوەروک‬  ‫ﺷﮫﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﭘ‬  ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﮑﮭﺎﺗﮫی‬ ‫ﭘ‬  ‫ﮐوﻣﮫﻻﺗﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫ‬  ‫ﺳروﺷﺗﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫ‬  ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫ‬  ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﺋﺎی‬  ‫ﺋﯾﮑۆﻟۆژی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔرﻓﯾﺎی‬ / ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫ‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬  ‫ﻣروۆڤ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬  ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ژۆی‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬
‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﺎﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮏ‬ ‫ﭘرد‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﺎ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫زەوﯾدا‬ ‫دروﺳت‬ ‫دەﮐﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫دەﯾﮑﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺑو‬ ‫ﮑﯽ‬ ‫ار‬ ‫ڕاﺳﺗﮫﻗﯾﻧﮫی‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫﮐﺎن‬ . ‫ﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻟ‬ ‫دەﮐﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫زاﻧﯾﺎری‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﭼﮫ‬ ‫ﻧدﯾن‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﮑﮫوە‬ ،‫ت‬ ‫وەردەﮔر‬ ‫ھﮫرﯾﮫﮐﮫﯾﺎن‬ ‫دﯾدﮔﺎی‬ ‫ﻧﺎوازە‬ ‫ﺷﮑﮫ‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫ش‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﮫﯾﺷﺗﻧﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﺟﯾﮭﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫دەوروﺑﮫرﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﮫﻣﮫﻧدﺗر‬ ‫دەو‬ ‫دەﮐ‬ ‫ﮫن‬ . ‫رەدا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﭼﮫﻧد‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﮫﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﮫرەﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺗردا‬ ‫دەﺧﮫﯾﻧﮫڕوو‬ ‫ﻛﯽ‬‫ﺷﮫ‬ ‫ﭘ‬
‫ﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﮫﯾداﻧ‬ ‫زۆر‬ ‫وە‬ ‫ﺑﮫرﺑ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑرﯾﺗﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﮫوداﯾﮫﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﯾﺎواز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟۆراوﺟۆر‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫رﺑﮫش‬ ‫ژ‬ ‫و‬ ‫دﯾﺳﯾﭘﻠﯾﻧﮫﮐﺎن‬ . ‫ﺋﮫم‬ ‫رﺑﮫﺷﺎﻧﮫی‬ ‫ژ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺑرﯾﺗﯾن‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﮐﺷ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬،‫ﺗوﮐﺎڵ‬ ،‫ﺋﺎﮐﺎری‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ،‫ﭼﺎﻧدی‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ،‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ،‫ﺑژاردن‬ ‫ھﮫ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ،‫ژووﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ،‫ﭘﯾﺷﮫﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬،‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫دﻧﯾﺷﺗوان‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﮔوﻧ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬،‫د‬ ،‫ﺷﺎر‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﮔواﺳﺗﻧﮫوە‬ . ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ھﮫﻣووی‬ ‫ﺋﮫم‬ ‫رﺑﮫﺷﺎﻧﮫ‬ ‫ژ‬ ، ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ڕواﻧﮕﮫ‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﺗو‬ ‫ﺑﺎوە‬ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ ‫دەﺑﯾﻧدر‬ : ) ١ ( . ‫ﺷﯾﮑردﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﻓﮫزا‬ ) ، ( ٢ ). ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدی‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻧﮫﮐﺎن؛‬ ‫ﺷو‬ ‫و‬ ) ٣ ( . ‫زی‬ ‫ﺳﻧﮫﺗ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﮫر‬ ) ‫ﻧﺎوﭼﮫﯾﯽ‬ - ) ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﯾﭼم‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻓۆڕﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺟۆراوﺟۆر‬ . ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫ‬ : ‫ﻧﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ : ‫ﺑ‬ ،‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ﮑﮭﺎﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮕﺎﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫دﯾﺳﯾﭘﻠﯾﻧﮫﮐﮫ‬ ‫ھﮫردوو‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫وەک‬ ،‫ﯾﮫﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫دﯾﺎردە‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻻﯾﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫر‬ ‫دەﺧﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﯾﺷﮏ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫دەداﺗﮫوە‬ ‫ڕەﻧﮓ‬ ‫ﺟﯾﺎوازدا‬ ‫ﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺷو‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﯾﮫﮐﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﭼۆن‬ . ‫ﮑﮭﺎﺗﮫی‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬
‫زاﻧﺴﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ‬ : ‫ھﮫردوو‬ ‫دﯾﺴﯿﭙﻠﯿﻨﮫﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫دەﺳﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﯾﺎردان‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ،‫دەدەن‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺮۆڤ‬ ‫ﺗﯿﺸﮏ‬ ‫دەﺧﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﺋﮫو‬ ‫ھﯚﮐﺎرە‬ ‫ﺟﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﺎﻧﮫی‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﯾﮕﮫرﯾﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﭘﺮۆﺳﮫی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ‬ ،‫ھﮫﯾﮫ‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫داﺑﮫﺷﮑﺮدﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﮫرﭼﺎوەﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻮازی‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻮورەﮐﺎن‬ . ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺳروﺷﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ : ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫ‬ : ‫ھﮫردوو‬ ‫دﯾﺳﯾﭘﻠﯾﻧﮫﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدی‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ژ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮕﮫوە‬ ،‫ھﮫﯾﮫ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﺗﯾﺷﮏ‬ ‫دەﺧﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫر‬ ‫ڕەھﮫﻧدە‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗوورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﭘرﺳﮫ‬ ،‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫ﭼۆن‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ھﮫﺳت‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﮫﺗرﺳﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﮫڕ‬ ‫وەی‬ ‫دەﺑﮫن‬ . ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ : ‫داﺑﮫﺷﮑردن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﮫرھﮫﻣﮭ‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ﺑﮫدواداﭼوون‬ ‫ھﮫردووﮐﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾ‬ ‫داﺑﮫﺷﮑردﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﺎﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ،‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ﺧزﻣﮫﺗﮕوزارﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﮐﺎرھ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫دەﮔر‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺑﮫرﭼﺎو‬ ‫ﻧﮫﮐﺎﻧﯾش‬ ‫ﺷو‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫ﭘرۆﺳﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﯾﮕﮫرﯾﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑوورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ت‬ .
‫ﺑﺎﯾﯚﻟﯚﺟﯽ‬ : ‫ﺟﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺮۆڤ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫دەﺗﻮاﻧ‬ ‫ﺳﻮود‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﮫﯾﺸﺘﻨﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﯾﯚﻟﯚﺟﯽ‬ ‫وەر‬ ،‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﺮ‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫ﭼﯚن‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯿﯿﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺮۆڤ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﯾﮕﮫرﯾﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﺋﯿﮑﯚﺳﯿﺴﺘﮫﻣﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ھﮫﯾﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭼﯚن‬ ‫داﻧﯿ‬ ‫ﺸﺘﻮوان‬ ‫ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ‬ ‫ﺑﺎرودۆﺧﯽ‬ ‫ژﯾﻨﮕﮫﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﯿﺎوازدا‬ ‫ﺧﯚﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﻨﻦ‬ ‫دەﮔﻮﻧﺠ‬ . ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ : ‫ژوو‬ ‫ﻣ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ،‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﺑوار‬ ‫ﻻوەﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﯾﺷﮏ‬ ‫دەﺧﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑووﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ . ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫو‬ ‫ﮕﺎﯾﺎﻧﮫ‬ ‫ڕ‬ ‫دەﮐﺎت‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﺎ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﺧۆﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﮑدەﺧﮫن‬ ‫ڕ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫﮐﺎﻧﯾﺎن‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫و‬ ‫دﯾﻣﮫﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗووری‬ ‫دروﺳت‬ ‫دەﮐ‬ ‫ﮫن‬ . ‫ژووی‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫دەﺗواﻧﯾن‬ ‫ﺗﮫوە‬ ‫ﺑﮕﮫڕ‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ﺷﺎرﺳﺗﺎﻧﯾﯾﮫﺗﮫ‬ ،‫ﮐۆﻧﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﺎوەی‬ ‫ﺳﮫدەی‬ ‫ﻧۆزدە‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﯾﺳﺗﮫﻣدا‬ ‫زﯾﺎﺗر‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺳﺗﻣﺎﺗﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑوو‬ ‫و‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫ﮏ‬ ‫دﯾﺳﯾﭘﻠﯾﻧ‬ ‫ﭘﮫرەی‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﮫﻧد‬ . ‫ﺋﮫدەب‬ : ‫ﺋﮫدەب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫دەﺗواﻧ‬ ‫ﮑﯽ‬ ‫ڕواﻧﯾﻧ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﻧرخ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﺋﮫزﻣووﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗووری‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﺷو‬ ‫ﺟﯾﺎوازەﮐﺎﻧدا‬ ‫داﺑﯾن‬ ‫ﺑﮑﺎت‬ .
‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﮑﯽ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫دوو‬ ‫ﻟﻘﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﮫرەﮐﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺑواری‬ ‫ﻓراواﻧﺗری‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ،‫ﯾﮫ‬ ‫ھﮫرﯾﮫﮐﮫﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﯾﺷﮏ‬ ‫دەﺧﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﻻﯾﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﺟﯾﺎوازەﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ڕووی‬ ‫زەوی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻣرۆ‬ ‫ڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫﮐﮫی‬ . 1 . ‫ﺟۆﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﺎﯾﯽ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدی‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﯾﺑﮫﺗﻣﮫﻧدی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘرۆﺳﮫ‬ ‫ﺳروﺷ‬ ‫ﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ڕووی‬ ‫زەوﯾﮫوە‬ ‫ھﮫﯾﮫ‬ . ‫دﯾﺎردەﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫وەی‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ،‫زەوی‬ ،‫ﮐﮫﺷوھﮫوا‬ ،‫ڕووەک‬ ،‫ﺧﺎک‬ ‫ھﺎﯾدرۆﻟۆﺟﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﯾﮑۆﺳﯾﺳﺗﮫﻣﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﮫوە‬ ‫دەﮐۆ‬ . ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﻧﺎﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫو‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘرۆﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﮫ‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫دﯾﻣﮫﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ﻗﺎ‬ ،‫دەدەن‬ ‫ﻟﮫواﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﮫﮐﺗۆﻧﯾﮑﯽ‬ ،‫ت‬ ‫ﭘﻠ‬ ‫وەرﯾﻧﯽ‬ ،‫زەوی‬ ‫ﮐﮫﺷوھﮫوا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺧوﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﺋﺎو‬ . ‫ھﮫر‬ ‫وەھﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﺋﮫم‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺳﺗﮫﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺳروﺷﺗﯾﺎﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﭼۆن‬ ‫ﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗر‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐ‬ ‫ﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬدا‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ .
‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﯾﮑۆﻟۆژی‬ / ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫ‬ : - ‫ﮔﮫڕان‬ ‫ﺑﮫدوای‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗرﺑڕﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﯾﮑۆﺳﯾﺳﺗﮫﻣﮫﮐﺎن‬ - ‫ﮔﻔﺗوﮔۆﮐردن‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺑﮫﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وەﮐو‬ ،‫دارﺳﺗﺎﻧﺑڕﯾن‬ ،‫ﭘﯾﺳﺑوون‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺎرﻧﺷﯾﻧ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ - ‫ﮔرﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫داﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﮫرەﭘ‬ ‫ﺑﮫردەوام‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ھﮫو‬ ‫ﭘﺎراﺳﺗن‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮐﮫﻣﮑردﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﮑﭼووﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫ‬ 2 . ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯽ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻻﯾﮫﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﺗرەوە‬ ‫ﮔرﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﮑﺧﺳﺗن‬ ‫ڕ‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﯾﻧﺎﻣ‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﮕﺎ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫دەدات‬ . ‫ﺑﮫدواداﭼوون‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺑﮫﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫داﺑﮫﺷﺑووﻧﯽ‬ ،‫داﻧﯾﺷﺗووان‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ازی‬ ،‫ﮐۆﭼﮑردن‬ ‫دﯾﻣﮫﻧﮫ‬ ،‫ﮐوﻟﺗوورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯾﯾﮫ‬ ،‫ﺋﺎﺑوورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ،‫ﺷﺎرﻧﺷﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺳﺗﮫﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾ‬ ‫ﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫دەﮐﺎت‬ . ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﻧﺎﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﺷﯾﮑﺎری‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ﭼۆﻧﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ھﮫﺳﺗﮑردن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﮫﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﻧﺎن‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮔۆڕﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫ڕووی‬ ‫زەوی‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﮫﮐﺎن‬ ،‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ھﮫروەھﺎ‬ ‫دەرﺋﮫﻧﺟﺎﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫و‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫﯾﯾﮫﮐ‬ ‫ﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐردارەﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ .
‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﮫﻧﺗرۆﭘۆﻟۆژﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ : - ‫ﺑﮫراوردﮐردﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﮫﻧﺗرۆﭘۆﻟۆژﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗوور‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮕ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺎﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬدا‬ - ‫ﭘﺷﮑﻧﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﻣﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗوورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫وازە‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وﺑووﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗووری‬ - ‫ﻧﻣووﻧﮫی‬ ‫ﭘڕۆژەی‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺗو‬ ‫ھﺎوﺑﮫش‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﮔرﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ،‫ﮐۆﭼﮑردن‬ ‫ﻧﮫﺗﮫوە‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺳﻧﺎﻣﮫ‬ ‫دەدەن‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ : ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﮐورﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﮫﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﻧزﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﮫوە‬ ،‫ھﮫﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫وازەﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ،‫ﻧﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﮫرھﮫﻣﮭ‬ ،‫داﺑﮫﺷﮑردن‬ ‫ﺑﺎزرﮔﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﮫﮐﺎرﺑردن‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺎوﺧۆﯾﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎوﭼﮫﯾ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟﯾﮭﺎﻧﯾدا‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ﻗﺎ‬ ‫دەدات‬ . ‫ﮕﮫﯾﺷﺗن‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ڕەھﮫﻧدە‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑ‬ ‫وورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫زۆر‬ ‫ﮔرﻧﮕﮫ‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫داڕﺷﺗﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﮫﺗﯽ‬ ،‫ﮐﺎرﯾﮕﮫر‬ ‫داﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﮫﺷﮫﭘ‬ ‫ﺑﮫردەوام‬ ‫و‬ ‫ڕووﺑﮫڕووﺑووﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺳﺗﮫﻧﮕﮫ‬ ‫ھﺎوﭼﮫرﺧﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫ﮔۆڕاﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﮫﺷوھﮫوا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﯾﮫﮐﺳﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ . - ‫ﺷﯾﮑﺎری‬ ‫وازە‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﺑﮫﺷﮑردﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﮫرﭼﺎوەﮐﺎن‬ - ‫ﮔﮫڕان‬ ‫ﺑﮫدوای‬ ‫ﺟﯾﮭﺎﻧﮕﯾری‬ ‫و‬ ‫وازی‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺑﺎزرﮔﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﮫﺷﮫﭘ‬ ‫ﻧﺎوﭼﮫﯾﯽ‬ - ‫ﺑﺎﺳﮑردن‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫ﺷﺎرەﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﯾﮫﮐﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫دەﺳﺗڕاﮔﮫﯾﺷﺗن‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫرﭼﺎو‬ ‫ە‬ ‫و‬ ‫دەرﻓﮫﺗﮫﮐﺎن‬
‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ،‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﺑوارﮔﮫﻟ‬ ‫ﻧزﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗر‬ ‫دراون‬ ‫ﮔر‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﮫدوادا‬ ‫ﭼوون‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﮫو‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﺎﻧﮫ‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﯾدا‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ﻧﯾﺷﺗﮫﺟ‬ . ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮑدا‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺗ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﮫرﻧﺞ‬ ‫دەﺧﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﻻﯾﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑووﻧﯽ‬ ،‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﮫدوا‬ ‫داﭼوون‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ﺋﮫو‬ ‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﮑﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮑﮭﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘرۆﺳﺎﻧﮫ‬ ‫دەﮐﺎت‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ڕەﻓﺗﺎر‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮑ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻟ‬ ‫ﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ﻗﺎ‬ ‫دەدەن‬ . - ‫ﺑﮫراوردﮐردﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮑﮭﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯾﯾ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮑﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻟ‬ - ‫ﭘﺷﮑﻧﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺎرﻧﺷﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﯾﮫﮐﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫دﯾﻣﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗوورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ - ‫ژﯾﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺗو‬ ‫ھﺎوﺑﮫش‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺑﮫﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وەک‬ ،‫ﮐۆﭼﮑردن‬ ‫ﺑزووﺗﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ، ‫ﺟﯾﺎﮐﺎری‬ ‫ﺷﺎرەﮐﺎن‬
‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯽ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫دوو‬ ‫دﯾﺳﯾﭘﻠﯾﻧﯽ‬ ،‫ﺟﯾﺎوازن‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫زۆرﺟﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﮫ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﺎﯾﮫﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮑﺧﺳﺗﻧﮫ‬ ‫ڕ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗر‬ ‫دەﺑڕن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﮫو‬ ‫اوﮐﮫری‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗرن‬ . ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫دوو‬ ‫دﯾﺳﯾﭘﻠﯾﻧﯽ‬ ،‫ﺟﯾﺎوازن‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫زۆرﺟﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﮫ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﺎﯾﮫﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮑﺧﺳﺗﻧﮫ‬ ‫ڕ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗر‬ ‫دەﺑڕن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﮫو‬ ‫اوﮐﮫری‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗرن‬ . - ‫ﮔﮫڕان‬ ‫ﺑﮫدوای‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﺟﯾۆﭘۆﻟﯾﺗﯾﮑﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺧﺎﮐﯾﺑووﻧدا‬ - ‫ﺷﯾﮑﺎری‬ ،‫ﺳﻧوورەﮐﺎن‬ ،‫ﺳﮫروەری‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﯽ‬ ‫دەﺳﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯽ‬ - ‫ژﯾﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺗو‬ ‫ﮐﮫﯾس‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺳﮫر‬ ‫ڕەھﮫﻧدە‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﺎردە‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻣﻼﻧ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫ﮑﮭﺎﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺣوﮐﻣڕاﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ژووی‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ : - ‫ﭘﺷﮑﻧﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﻣﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ژووﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﮫرەﺳﮫﻧدﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﮕﺎ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ - ‫ﺑﺎﺳﮑردﻧﯽ‬ ‫وازەﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺗو‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ژووﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺗو‬ ‫ﮐﮫﯾس‬ - ‫ﮔرﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﮑﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻧﺗ‬ ‫ژووﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﮫﯾﺷﺗن‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻧﮫﺧش‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎو‬ ‫ﭼﮫرخ‬
‫ﺳﮫرﭼﺎوەﮐﺎن‬ ١ - ‫د‬ . ‫و‬ ،‫ﻛﺎن‬‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫زاراوه‬ ‫ﻧﮕﯽ‬‫رھﮫ‬‫ﻓﮫ‬ ،‫اﻟرب‬ ‫ﺟﺎد‬ ‫اﻟدﯾن‬ ‫ﺣﺳﺎم‬ : ‫ی‬‫ﭼﺎﭘﺧﺎﻧﮫ‬ ،‫ﭼﯾﺎ‬ ‫د‬‫ﻣﮫ‬‫ﻣﺣﮫ‬ ،‫ﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﻠ‬ ،‫م‬‫ﻛﮫ‬‫ﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﭘﯽ‬ ،‫ﭼوارﭼرا‬ 2012 ‫ﻻ‬ ، ٢ - ‫ر‬‫زه‬ ‫ﭘﺎر‬ . ‫ھـ‬ . ،‫ﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﻠ‬ ،‫م‬‫ﻛﮫ‬‫ﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﭘﯽ‬ ،‫ﻧﺞ‬‫ڕه‬ ‫ی‬‫ﭼﺎﭘﺧﺎﻧﮫ‬ ،‫م‬‫ﻛﮫ‬‫ﯾﮫ‬ ‫رﮔﯽ‬‫ﺑﮫ‬ ،‫ت‬‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﮫ‬ ،‫ﺳواره‬ 2005 ، ٣ - ‫د‬ . ‫و‬ ،‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫ی‬‫ﻓﮫ‬‫ﻟﺳﮫ‬‫ﻓﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ،‫ﺷﻛوﺋﯽ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ﺣوﺳ‬ : ‫ﭼﺎﭘﺧﺎ‬ ،‫ﻋﮫﺑدوﻟڕەﺣﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺳۆ‬ ،‫ﻧﺞ‬‫ﮔﮫ‬ ‫ی‬‫ﻧﮫ‬ ،‫ﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﻠ‬ ،‫م‬‫ﻛﮫ‬‫ﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﭘﯽ‬ 2009 ‫ﻻ‬ ، ٤ - ‫د‬ . ‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﺷوو‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫ی‬‫رﭼﺎوه‬‫ﺳﮫ‬ ،‫ﻛﺎن‬‫ﺗﯾﯾﮫ‬‫ﮫ‬ ‫و‬‫وده‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺷﮫ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ت‬‫ﮫ‬ ‫و‬‫ده‬ ،‫وی‬‫ﺗﮫ‬‫ﻋﮫ‬ ‫ﺑدو‬‫ﻋﮫ‬ ٥ - ‫د‬ ‫ﻧوﺳﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻧﮫﻣﺎﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ . ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺗﺢ‬ ‫ﺟﻼل‬ ‫ﺳﻔﯾن‬ ٦ - ‫ھروری‬ ‫ﺷوﮐری‬ ‫ﻧﮫﺷوان‬،‫ﮐوردﺳﺗﺎن‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮔﺷﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﻧﮫﻣﺎی‬ ٧ - ‫ﮐوردی‬ ‫وﯾﮑﯾﭘﯾدﯾﺎی‬ ‫وﯾﺑﺳﺎﯾﺗﯽ‬ ٨ - ‫ﺑﻧﮫرەت‬ ‫ﻧوﯾﮫﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﭘوﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﮐوﻣﮫﻻﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬
‫ھﮫوە‬ ‫ﮔوھدارﯾﮑرﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺑو‬ ‫ﺳوﭘﺎس‬

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Presentation8.ppxjjij rrrrrttgv bhhhhuh

  • 1. ‫ﮐﻮردﺳﺘﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﺎم‬ ‫ھﮫر‬ ‫ﺣﮑﻮﻣﮫﺗﺎ‬ – ‫ـﺮاﻗ‬ ‫ﻋـ‬ ‫ﭘﮫروەردە‬ ‫ﮐـﻮﻟـﯿــﮋا‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﻧﺪﻧ‬ ‫وەزارەﺗﺎ‬ ‫زاﻧــــــــــــــــــــــــــﮑﻮﯾﺎ‬ ‫زاﺧــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــﻮ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﮑﺎ‬ / ‫ـﺪەھــﯿــﺎن‬ ‫ﺳـﭙـ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﻧﺪﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﻣﺎدەﮐرن‬ : ‫ﺳﻠﯾم‬ ‫ﺋﮫﮐرەم‬ ‫ﺳوﻻڤ‬ ‫ﻋﺑداﻟﺣﯾم‬ ‫ﭬﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺟﺑﻠﻲ‬ ‫ھﭭﺎل‬ ‫رەﺷﯾد‬ ‫ﺣﻣزە‬ ‫ﻋﻔﺎم‬ ‫ﺋﺎراس‬ ‫رﯾﺑن‬ ‫ﺷرﻗﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﻌود‬ ‫ﺷﯾﻣﺎء‬ ‫ﺳﮫرﭘﮫرﺷﺗﯾﺎر‬ : ‫ﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺳﻠ‬ ‫زاھﯾدە‬ ‫دي‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﻲ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫دﮔﮫ‬ ‫ﻣروﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻧدﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﯾوه‬ ‫ﭘﮫ‬ ) ‫ﻣروﭬﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ( ‫ﺑﺎﺑﮫت‬
  • 2.  ‫ﻧﺎوەروک‬  ‫ﺷﮫﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﭘ‬  ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﮑﮭﺎﺗﮫی‬ ‫ﭘ‬  ‫ﮐوﻣﮫﻻﺗﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫ‬  ‫ﺳروﺷﺗﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫ‬  ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫ‬  ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﺋﺎی‬  ‫ﺋﯾﮑۆﻟۆژی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔرﻓﯾﺎی‬ / ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫ‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬  ‫ﻣروۆڤ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬  ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ژۆی‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬
  • 3. ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﺎﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮏ‬ ‫ﭘرد‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﺎ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫زەوﯾدا‬ ‫دروﺳت‬ ‫دەﮐﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫دەﯾﮑﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺑو‬ ‫ﮑﯽ‬ ‫ار‬ ‫ڕاﺳﺗﮫﻗﯾﻧﮫی‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫﮐﺎن‬ . ‫ﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻟ‬ ‫دەﮐﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫زاﻧﯾﺎری‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﭼﮫ‬ ‫ﻧدﯾن‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﮑﮫوە‬ ،‫ت‬ ‫وەردەﮔر‬ ‫ھﮫرﯾﮫﮐﮫﯾﺎن‬ ‫دﯾدﮔﺎی‬ ‫ﻧﺎوازە‬ ‫ﺷﮑﮫ‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫ش‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﮫﯾﺷﺗﻧﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﺟﯾﮭﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫دەوروﺑﮫرﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﮫﻣﮫﻧدﺗر‬ ‫دەو‬ ‫دەﮐ‬ ‫ﮫن‬ . ‫رەدا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﭼﮫﻧد‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﮫﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﮫرەﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺗردا‬ ‫دەﺧﮫﯾﻧﮫڕوو‬ ‫ﻛﯽ‬‫ﺷﮫ‬ ‫ﭘ‬
  • 4. ‫ﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﮫﯾداﻧ‬ ‫زۆر‬ ‫وە‬ ‫ﺑﮫرﺑ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑرﯾﺗﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﮫوداﯾﮫﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﯾﺎواز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟۆراوﺟۆر‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫رﺑﮫش‬ ‫ژ‬ ‫و‬ ‫دﯾﺳﯾﭘﻠﯾﻧﮫﮐﺎن‬ . ‫ﺋﮫم‬ ‫رﺑﮫﺷﺎﻧﮫی‬ ‫ژ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺑرﯾﺗﯾن‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﮐﺷ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬،‫ﺗوﮐﺎڵ‬ ،‫ﺋﺎﮐﺎری‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ،‫ﭼﺎﻧدی‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ،‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ،‫ﺑژاردن‬ ‫ھﮫ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ،‫ژووﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ،‫ﭘﯾﺷﮫﺳﺎزی‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬،‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫دﻧﯾﺷﺗوان‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﮔوﻧ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬،‫د‬ ،‫ﺷﺎر‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﮔواﺳﺗﻧﮫوە‬ . ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ھﮫﻣووی‬ ‫ﺋﮫم‬ ‫رﺑﮫﺷﺎﻧﮫ‬ ‫ژ‬ ، ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ڕواﻧﮕﮫ‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﺗو‬ ‫ﺑﺎوە‬ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ ‫دەﺑﯾﻧدر‬ : ) ١ ( . ‫ﺷﯾﮑردﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﻓﮫزا‬ ) ، ( ٢ ). ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدی‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻧﮫﮐﺎن؛‬ ‫ﺷو‬ ‫و‬ ) ٣ ( . ‫زی‬ ‫ﺳﻧﮫﺗ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﮫر‬ ) ‫ﻧﺎوﭼﮫﯾﯽ‬ - ) ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﯾﭼم‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻓۆڕﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺟۆراوﺟۆر‬ . ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫ‬ : ‫ﻧﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ : ‫ﺑ‬ ،‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ﮑﮭﺎﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮕﺎﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫دﯾﺳﯾﭘﻠﯾﻧﮫﮐﮫ‬ ‫ھﮫردوو‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫وەک‬ ،‫ﯾﮫﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫دﯾﺎردە‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻻﯾﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫر‬ ‫دەﺧﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﯾﺷﮏ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫دەداﺗﮫوە‬ ‫ڕەﻧﮓ‬ ‫ﺟﯾﺎوازدا‬ ‫ﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺷو‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﯾﮫﮐﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﭼۆن‬ . ‫ﮑﮭﺎﺗﮫی‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬
  • 5. ‫زاﻧﺴﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ‬ : ‫ھﮫردوو‬ ‫دﯾﺴﯿﭙﻠﯿﻨﮫﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫دەﺳﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﯾﺎردان‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ،‫دەدەن‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺮۆڤ‬ ‫ﺗﯿﺸﮏ‬ ‫دەﺧﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﺋﮫو‬ ‫ھﯚﮐﺎرە‬ ‫ﺟﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﺎﻧﮫی‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﯾﮕﮫرﯾﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﭘﺮۆﺳﮫی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ‬ ،‫ھﮫﯾﮫ‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫داﺑﮫﺷﮑﺮدﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﮫرﭼﺎوەﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻮازی‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻮورەﮐﺎن‬ . ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺳروﺷﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ : ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫ‬ : ‫ھﮫردوو‬ ‫دﯾﺳﯾﭘﻠﯾﻧﮫﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدی‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ژ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮕﮫوە‬ ،‫ھﮫﯾﮫ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﺗﯾﺷﮏ‬ ‫دەﺧﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫر‬ ‫ڕەھﮫﻧدە‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗوورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﭘرﺳﮫ‬ ،‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫ﭼۆن‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ھﮫﺳت‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﮫﺗرﺳﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﮫڕ‬ ‫وەی‬ ‫دەﺑﮫن‬ . ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ : ‫داﺑﮫﺷﮑردن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﮫرھﮫﻣﮭ‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ﺑﮫدواداﭼوون‬ ‫ھﮫردووﮐﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾ‬ ‫داﺑﮫﺷﮑردﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﺎﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ،‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ﺧزﻣﮫﺗﮕوزارﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﮐﺎرھ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫دەﮔر‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺑﮫرﭼﺎو‬ ‫ﻧﮫﮐﺎﻧﯾش‬ ‫ﺷو‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫ﭘرۆﺳﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﯾﮕﮫرﯾﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑوورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ت‬ .
  • 6. ‫ﺑﺎﯾﯚﻟﯚﺟﯽ‬ : ‫ﺟﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺮۆڤ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫دەﺗﻮاﻧ‬ ‫ﺳﻮود‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﮫﯾﺸﺘﻨﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﯾﯚﻟﯚﺟﯽ‬ ‫وەر‬ ،‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﺮ‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫ﭼﯚن‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯿﯿﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺮۆڤ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﯾﮕﮫرﯾﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﺋﯿﮑﯚﺳﯿﺴﺘﮫﻣﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ھﮫﯾﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭼﯚن‬ ‫داﻧﯿ‬ ‫ﺸﺘﻮوان‬ ‫ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ‬ ‫ﺑﺎرودۆﺧﯽ‬ ‫ژﯾﻨﮕﮫﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﯿﺎوازدا‬ ‫ﺧﯚﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﻨﻦ‬ ‫دەﮔﻮﻧﺠ‬ . ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ : ‫ژوو‬ ‫ﻣ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ،‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﺑوار‬ ‫ﻻوەﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﯾﺷﮏ‬ ‫دەﺧﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑووﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ . ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫو‬ ‫ﮕﺎﯾﺎﻧﮫ‬ ‫ڕ‬ ‫دەﮐﺎت‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﺎ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﺧۆﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﮑدەﺧﮫن‬ ‫ڕ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫﮐﺎﻧﯾﺎن‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫و‬ ‫دﯾﻣﮫﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗووری‬ ‫دروﺳت‬ ‫دەﮐ‬ ‫ﮫن‬ . ‫ژووی‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫دەﺗواﻧﯾن‬ ‫ﺗﮫوە‬ ‫ﺑﮕﮫڕ‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ﺷﺎرﺳﺗﺎﻧﯾﯾﮫﺗﮫ‬ ،‫ﮐۆﻧﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﺎوەی‬ ‫ﺳﮫدەی‬ ‫ﻧۆزدە‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﯾﺳﺗﮫﻣدا‬ ‫زﯾﺎﺗر‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺳﺗﻣﺎﺗﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑوو‬ ‫و‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫ﮏ‬ ‫دﯾﺳﯾﭘﻠﯾﻧ‬ ‫ﭘﮫرەی‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﮫﻧد‬ . ‫ﺋﮫدەب‬ : ‫ﺋﮫدەب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫دەﺗواﻧ‬ ‫ﮑﯽ‬ ‫ڕواﻧﯾﻧ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﻧرخ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﺋﮫزﻣووﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗووری‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﺷو‬ ‫ﺟﯾﺎوازەﮐﺎﻧدا‬ ‫داﺑﯾن‬ ‫ﺑﮑﺎت‬ .
  • 7. ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﮑﯽ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫دوو‬ ‫ﻟﻘﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﮫرەﮐﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺑواری‬ ‫ﻓراواﻧﺗری‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ،‫ﯾﮫ‬ ‫ھﮫرﯾﮫﮐﮫﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﯾﺷﮏ‬ ‫دەﺧﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﻻﯾﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﺟﯾﺎوازەﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ڕووی‬ ‫زەوی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻣرۆ‬ ‫ڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫﮐﮫی‬ . 1 . ‫ﺟۆﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﺎﯾﯽ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدی‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﯾﺑﮫﺗﻣﮫﻧدی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘرۆﺳﮫ‬ ‫ﺳروﺷ‬ ‫ﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ڕووی‬ ‫زەوﯾﮫوە‬ ‫ھﮫﯾﮫ‬ . ‫دﯾﺎردەﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫وەی‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ،‫زەوی‬ ،‫ﮐﮫﺷوھﮫوا‬ ،‫ڕووەک‬ ،‫ﺧﺎک‬ ‫ھﺎﯾدرۆﻟۆﺟﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﯾﮑۆﺳﯾﺳﺗﮫﻣﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﮫوە‬ ‫دەﮐۆ‬ . ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﻧﺎﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫو‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘرۆﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﮫ‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫دﯾﻣﮫﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﯾزﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ﻗﺎ‬ ،‫دەدەن‬ ‫ﻟﮫواﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﮫﮐﺗۆﻧﯾﮑﯽ‬ ،‫ت‬ ‫ﭘﻠ‬ ‫وەرﯾﻧﯽ‬ ،‫زەوی‬ ‫ﮐﮫﺷوھﮫوا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺧوﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﺋﺎو‬ . ‫ھﮫر‬ ‫وەھﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﺋﮫم‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺳﺗﮫﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺳروﺷﺗﯾﺎﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﭼۆن‬ ‫ﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗر‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐ‬ ‫ﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬدا‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ .
  • 8. ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﯾﮑۆﻟۆژی‬ / ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫ‬ : - ‫ﮔﮫڕان‬ ‫ﺑﮫدوای‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗرﺑڕﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﯾﮑۆﺳﯾﺳﺗﮫﻣﮫﮐﺎن‬ - ‫ﮔﻔﺗوﮔۆﮐردن‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺑﮫﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وەﮐو‬ ،‫دارﺳﺗﺎﻧﺑڕﯾن‬ ،‫ﭘﯾﺳﺑوون‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺎرﻧﺷﯾﻧ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ - ‫ﮔرﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫داﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﮫرەﭘ‬ ‫ﺑﮫردەوام‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ھﮫو‬ ‫ﭘﺎراﺳﺗن‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮐﮫﻣﮑردﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﮑﭼووﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫ‬ 2 . ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯽ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻻﯾﮫﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﺗرەوە‬ ‫ﮔرﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﮑﺧﺳﺗن‬ ‫ڕ‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﯾﻧﺎﻣ‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﮕﺎ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫دەدات‬ . ‫ﺑﮫدواداﭼوون‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺑﮫﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫داﺑﮫﺷﺑووﻧﯽ‬ ،‫داﻧﯾﺷﺗووان‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ازی‬ ،‫ﮐۆﭼﮑردن‬ ‫دﯾﻣﮫﻧﮫ‬ ،‫ﮐوﻟﺗوورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯾﯾﮫ‬ ،‫ﺋﺎﺑوورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ،‫ﺷﺎرﻧﺷﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺳﺗﮫﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾ‬ ‫ﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫دەﮐﺎت‬ . ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﻧﺎﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﺷﯾﮑﺎری‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ﭼۆﻧﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ھﮫﺳﺗﮑردن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﮫﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﻧﺎن‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮔۆڕﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫ڕووی‬ ‫زەوی‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﮫﮐﺎن‬ ،‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ھﮫروەھﺎ‬ ‫دەرﺋﮫﻧﺟﺎﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫و‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮕﮫﯾﯾﮫﮐ‬ ‫ﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐردارەﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ .
  • 9. ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﮫﻧﺗرۆﭘۆﻟۆژﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ : - ‫ﺑﮫراوردﮐردﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﮫﻧﺗرۆﭘۆﻟۆژﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗوور‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮕ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺎﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬدا‬ - ‫ﭘﺷﮑﻧﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﻣﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗوورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫وازە‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وﺑووﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗووری‬ - ‫ﻧﻣووﻧﮫی‬ ‫ﭘڕۆژەی‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺗو‬ ‫ھﺎوﺑﮫش‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﮔرﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ،‫ﮐۆﭼﮑردن‬ ‫ﻧﮫﺗﮫوە‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺳﻧﺎﻣﮫ‬ ‫دەدەن‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ : ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﮐورﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﮫﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﻧزﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﮫوە‬ ،‫ھﮫﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫وازەﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ،‫ﻧﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﮫرھﮫﻣﮭ‬ ،‫داﺑﮫﺷﮑردن‬ ‫ﺑﺎزرﮔﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﮫﮐﺎرﺑردن‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺎوﺧۆﯾﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎوﭼﮫﯾ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟﯾﮭﺎﻧﯾدا‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ﻗﺎ‬ ‫دەدات‬ . ‫ﮕﮫﯾﺷﺗن‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ڕەھﮫﻧدە‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑ‬ ‫وورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫زۆر‬ ‫ﮔرﻧﮕﮫ‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫داڕﺷﺗﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﮫﺗﯽ‬ ،‫ﮐﺎرﯾﮕﮫر‬ ‫داﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﮫﺷﮫﭘ‬ ‫ﺑﮫردەوام‬ ‫و‬ ‫ڕووﺑﮫڕووﺑووﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺳﺗﮫﻧﮕﮫ‬ ‫ھﺎوﭼﮫرﺧﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫ﮔۆڕاﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﮫﺷوھﮫوا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﯾﮫﮐﺳﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ . - ‫ﺷﯾﮑﺎری‬ ‫وازە‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﺑﮫﺷﮑردﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﮫرﭼﺎوەﮐﺎن‬ - ‫ﮔﮫڕان‬ ‫ﺑﮫدوای‬ ‫ﺟﯾﮭﺎﻧﮕﯾری‬ ‫و‬ ‫وازی‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺑﺎزرﮔﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﮫﺷﮫﭘ‬ ‫ﻧﺎوﭼﮫﯾﯽ‬ - ‫ﺑﺎﺳﮑردن‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺑووری‬ ‫ﺷﺎرەﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﯾﮫﮐﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫دەﺳﺗڕاﮔﮫﯾﺷﺗن‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫرﭼﺎو‬ ‫ە‬ ‫و‬ ‫دەرﻓﮫﺗﮫﮐﺎن‬
  • 10. ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ،‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﺑوارﮔﮫﻟ‬ ‫ﻧزﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗر‬ ‫دراون‬ ‫ﮔر‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﮫدوادا‬ ‫ﭼوون‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وان‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺋﮫو‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﺎﻧﮫ‬ ‫دەﮐﮫن‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ﯾدا‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ﻧﯾﺷﺗﮫﺟ‬ . ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮑدا‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺗ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﮫرﻧﺞ‬ ‫دەﺧﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﻻﯾﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑووﻧﯽ‬ ،‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﮫدوا‬ ‫داﭼوون‬ ‫ﺑۆ‬ ‫ﺋﮫو‬ ‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﮑﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮑﮭﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘرۆﺳﺎﻧﮫ‬ ‫دەﮐﺎت‬ ‫ﮐﮫ‬ ‫ڕەﻓﺗﺎر‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮑ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻟ‬ ‫ﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ﻗﺎ‬ ‫دەدەن‬ . - ‫ﺑﮫراوردﮐردﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮑﮭﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯾﯾ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮑﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﻟ‬ - ‫ﭘﺷﮑﻧﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺎرﻧﺷﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺎﯾﮫﮐﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫دﯾﻣﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﮐوﻟﺗوورﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ - ‫ژﯾﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺗو‬ ‫ھﺎوﺑﮫش‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺳﮫر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺑﮫﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وەک‬ ،‫ﮐۆﭼﮑردن‬ ‫ﺑزووﺗﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﯾﮫﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ، ‫ﺟﯾﺎﮐﺎری‬ ‫ﺷﺎرەﮐﺎن‬
  • 11. ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯽ‬ : ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫دوو‬ ‫دﯾﺳﯾﭘﻠﯾﻧﯽ‬ ،‫ﺟﯾﺎوازن‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫زۆرﺟﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﮫ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﺎﯾﮫﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮑﺧﺳﺗﻧﮫ‬ ‫ڕ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗر‬ ‫دەﺑڕن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﮫو‬ ‫اوﮐﮫری‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗرن‬ . ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫دوو‬ ‫دﯾﺳﯾﭘﻠﯾﻧﯽ‬ ،‫ﺟﯾﺎوازن‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫زۆرﺟﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﮫوە‬ ‫ﮑۆ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﮫ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﭬﺎﯾﮫﺗﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮑﺧﺳﺗﻧﮫ‬ ‫ڕ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗر‬ ‫دەﺑڕن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﮫو‬ ‫اوﮐﮫری‬ ‫ﯾﮫﮐﺗرن‬ . - ‫ﮔﮫڕان‬ ‫ﺑﮫدوای‬ ‫ﭘﮫﯾوەﻧدﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﺟﯾۆﭘۆﻟﯾﺗﯾﮑﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺧﺎﮐﯾﺑووﻧدا‬ - ‫ﺷﯾﮑﺎری‬ ،‫ﺳﻧوورەﮐﺎن‬ ،‫ﺳﮫروەری‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﯽ‬ ‫دەﺳﮫ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯽ‬ - ‫ژﯾﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺗو‬ ‫ﮐﮫﯾس‬ ‫ﻟﮫﺳﮫر‬ ‫ڕەھﮫﻧدە‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﺎردە‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫وەک‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻣﻼﻧ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫ﮑﮭﺎﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺣوﮐﻣڕاﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ژووی‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻣرۆڤ‬ : - ‫ﭘﺷﮑﻧﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﻣﮫﻧﮫ‬ ‫ژووﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﮫرەﺳﮫﻧدﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﮕﺎ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻣرۆﯾﯾﮫﮐﺎن‬ - ‫ﺑﺎﺳﮑردﻧﯽ‬ ‫وازەﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺗو‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ژووﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ژﯾﻧﮫوەی‬ ‫ﺗو‬ ‫ﮐﮫﯾس‬ - ‫ﮔرﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﮑﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮐۆﻧﺗ‬ ‫ژووﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﮕﮫﯾﺷﺗن‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻧﮫﺧش‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﮫزاﯾﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎو‬ ‫ﭼﮫرخ‬
  • 12. ‫ﺳﮫرﭼﺎوەﮐﺎن‬ ١ - ‫د‬ . ‫و‬ ،‫ﻛﺎن‬‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﯾﮫ‬ ‫زاراوه‬ ‫ﻧﮕﯽ‬‫رھﮫ‬‫ﻓﮫ‬ ،‫اﻟرب‬ ‫ﺟﺎد‬ ‫اﻟدﯾن‬ ‫ﺣﺳﺎم‬ : ‫ی‬‫ﭼﺎﭘﺧﺎﻧﮫ‬ ،‫ﭼﯾﺎ‬ ‫د‬‫ﻣﮫ‬‫ﻣﺣﮫ‬ ،‫ﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﻠ‬ ،‫م‬‫ﻛﮫ‬‫ﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﭘﯽ‬ ،‫ﭼوارﭼرا‬ 2012 ‫ﻻ‬ ، ٢ - ‫ر‬‫زه‬ ‫ﭘﺎر‬ . ‫ھـ‬ . ،‫ﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﻠ‬ ،‫م‬‫ﻛﮫ‬‫ﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﭘﯽ‬ ،‫ﻧﺞ‬‫ڕه‬ ‫ی‬‫ﭼﺎﭘﺧﺎﻧﮫ‬ ،‫م‬‫ﻛﮫ‬‫ﯾﮫ‬ ‫رﮔﯽ‬‫ﺑﮫ‬ ،‫ت‬‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﮫ‬ ،‫ﺳواره‬ 2005 ، ٣ - ‫د‬ . ‫و‬ ،‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫ی‬‫ﻓﮫ‬‫ﻟﺳﮫ‬‫ﻓﮫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎ‬ ،‫ﺷﻛوﺋﯽ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ﺣوﺳ‬ : ‫ﭼﺎﭘﺧﺎ‬ ،‫ﻋﮫﺑدوﻟڕەﺣﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺋﺎﺳۆ‬ ،‫ﻧﺞ‬‫ﮔﮫ‬ ‫ی‬‫ﻧﮫ‬ ،‫ﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﻠ‬ ،‫م‬‫ﻛﮫ‬‫ﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﭘﯽ‬ 2009 ‫ﻻ‬ ، ٤ - ‫د‬ . ‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﺷوو‬ ‫ﭘ‬ ‫ی‬‫رﭼﺎوه‬‫ﺳﮫ‬ ،‫ﻛﺎن‬‫ﺗﯾﯾﮫ‬‫ﮫ‬ ‫و‬‫وده‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺷﮫ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ت‬‫ﮫ‬ ‫و‬‫ده‬ ،‫وی‬‫ﺗﮫ‬‫ﻋﮫ‬ ‫ﺑدو‬‫ﻋﮫ‬ ٥ - ‫د‬ ‫ﻧوﺳﯾﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫زاﻧﺳﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻧﮫﻣﺎﮐﺎﻧﯽ‬ . ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺗﺢ‬ ‫ﺟﻼل‬ ‫ﺳﻔﯾن‬ ٦ - ‫ھروری‬ ‫ﺷوﮐری‬ ‫ﻧﮫﺷوان‬،‫ﮐوردﺳﺗﺎن‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮔﺷﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺟوﮔراﻓﯾﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﻧﮫﻣﺎی‬ ٧ - ‫ﮐوردی‬ ‫وﯾﮑﯾﭘﯾدﯾﺎی‬ ‫وﯾﺑﺳﺎﯾﺗﯽ‬ ٨ - ‫ﺑﻧﮫرەت‬ ‫ﻧوﯾﮫﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﭘوﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﮐوﻣﮫﻻﯾﮫﺗﯽ‬