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Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Selected Business Article 
Apple unveils two new iPhones, 
Apple Watch and ApplePay 
http://money.cnn.com/2014/09/09/technology/mobile/apple-iphone-iwatch-event/ 
index.html?iid=HP_River
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
• “The biggest advancement in the 
history of iPhone”
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
• “Our ambition is to replace this”
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Setting / Activity for 
Ethnographic Observation 
College students using their phones in the 
Student Center.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research, 
Students Using Their Phones 
in the Student Center
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research, 
Students Using Their Phones 
in the Student Center
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research, 
Students Using Their Phones 
in the Student Center
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research, 
Students Using Their Phones 
in the Student Center
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research, 
Students Using Their Phones 
in the Student Center
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research, 
Students Using Their Phones 
in the Student Center
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research, 
Students Using Their Phones 
in the Student Center
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research 
Observations 
Students were using their phones in different 
ways, some texting, some taking selfies, 
some tweeting, etc.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research 
Observations 
The students continued to eat as 
they used their phones, not looking 
away from their phones as they did it.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research 
Observations 
One student found it difficult to 
find his mouth with his straw as he 
refused to look away from 
Instagram.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research 
Observations 
It takes several attempts before a 
student realizes that her name is being 
called and looks up from her phone.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research 
Observations 
When a student laughed at 
something on their phone, others 
had a tendency to ask about it.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Research Findings 
One desire that students have is to share 
things with their friends. They could do this if 
they could send whatever they want directly 
to their friends’ phones.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Reading Summary: 
TSA CHECKPOINT EVOLUTION FOR 
TRANSPORTATION SECURITY 
ADMINISTRATION 
• As threats increase, TSA ramped up 
efforts which led to the public being 
uncomfortable and stressed.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
• IDEO was hired to design an environment 
and system that reduces stress in travelers.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
• IDEO moved toward human-centered design 
to help make threats stand out.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Reading Summary: 
Ethnographic Research- Who are the users? 
How do they operate within their cultures? 
• Ethnographic research is deeply rooted in 
instructional design and design research fields.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
• Ethnographic research allows the 
researcher/designer to use techniques which 
help to understand user context in-depth.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
• Through ethnographic research, one can 
understand the consumers and their cultures 
on a deeper level.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
Ethnographic Reading Summary: 
Going Deeper, Seeing Further: Enhancing 
Ethnographic Interpretations to Reveal More 
Meaningful Opportunities for Design 
• Many businesses now feel obligated to 
use ethnographic research to better 
understand their consumers.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
• Assessing extreme individuals and 
analogous cases give insight that might be 
overlooked otherwise.
Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein 
• The businesses that will prosper long-term 
are the ones that understand the needs, 
desires, and cultures of their consumers.

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Design Business and Innovation

  • 1. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Selected Business Article Apple unveils two new iPhones, Apple Watch and ApplePay http://money.cnn.com/2014/09/09/technology/mobile/apple-iphone-iwatch-event/ index.html?iid=HP_River
  • 2. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein
  • 3. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein • “The biggest advancement in the history of iPhone”
  • 4. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein • “Our ambition is to replace this”
  • 5. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Setting / Activity for Ethnographic Observation College students using their phones in the Student Center.
  • 6. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research, Students Using Their Phones in the Student Center
  • 7. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research, Students Using Their Phones in the Student Center
  • 8. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research, Students Using Their Phones in the Student Center
  • 9. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research, Students Using Their Phones in the Student Center
  • 10. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research, Students Using Their Phones in the Student Center
  • 11. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research, Students Using Their Phones in the Student Center
  • 12. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research, Students Using Their Phones in the Student Center
  • 13. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research Observations Students were using their phones in different ways, some texting, some taking selfies, some tweeting, etc.
  • 14. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research Observations The students continued to eat as they used their phones, not looking away from their phones as they did it.
  • 15. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research Observations One student found it difficult to find his mouth with his straw as he refused to look away from Instagram.
  • 16. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research Observations It takes several attempts before a student realizes that her name is being called and looks up from her phone.
  • 17. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research Observations When a student laughed at something on their phone, others had a tendency to ask about it.
  • 18. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Research Findings One desire that students have is to share things with their friends. They could do this if they could send whatever they want directly to their friends’ phones.
  • 19. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Reading Summary: TSA CHECKPOINT EVOLUTION FOR TRANSPORTATION SECURITY ADMINISTRATION • As threats increase, TSA ramped up efforts which led to the public being uncomfortable and stressed.
  • 20. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein • IDEO was hired to design an environment and system that reduces stress in travelers.
  • 21. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein • IDEO moved toward human-centered design to help make threats stand out.
  • 22. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Reading Summary: Ethnographic Research- Who are the users? How do they operate within their cultures? • Ethnographic research is deeply rooted in instructional design and design research fields.
  • 23. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein • Ethnographic research allows the researcher/designer to use techniques which help to understand user context in-depth.
  • 24. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein • Through ethnographic research, one can understand the consumers and their cultures on a deeper level.
  • 25. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein Ethnographic Reading Summary: Going Deeper, Seeing Further: Enhancing Ethnographic Interpretations to Reveal More Meaningful Opportunities for Design • Many businesses now feel obligated to use ethnographic research to better understand their consumers.
  • 26. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein • Assessing extreme individuals and analogous cases give insight that might be overlooked otherwise.
  • 27. Michael Ortiz Professor Klinkowstein • The businesses that will prosper long-term are the ones that understand the needs, desires, and cultures of their consumers.