Drug Trafficking Colombia

C O N T R I B U T I O N : E M B A S S Y O F C O L O M B I A I N
M O R O C C O .
Legal Committe
Drug Trafficking in Colombia
Ps. Mónica Riveros www.online-psicoterapia.com

International Narcotics Control
Some statistics
—  5% of the world population aged 16-64 consumes illicit drugs
—  243 million consumers
—  70% of criminal acts committed in Vancouver CAN are related
to drugs
—  1 gram of Cocaine costs 300 USD in the USA (Colombia: 3 USD)
—  In Colombia, a farmer is paid 3USD per kilo of coca leaves.
—  It takes 600kg coca leaves to produce 1kg of cocaine
—  Each year, 200.000 persons die related to drugs (production,
consumption)
—  Cocaine use has declined in the US 76%
—  Ecological impact

XX UNGASS 1998 ONU. Declaration: ¨World Drug Problem¨
¨International fight against drug abuse and illicit drug trafficking¨
(resolution 44/142).
“Narcotics” and ¨International Narcotics drugs Control¨ (resolutions
46/101 y 47/98).
It doesn´t make sense naming just one country.
Drugs are a multinational business
Balloon effect
Chemical drugs ETA (India, Bangladesh, Myanmar) produced in 77
countries. SMART.

The problem of illicit drugs has several aspects:
1. Cultivation 2. Production
3. Distribution 4. Sale
5. Consumption 6. Money laundering
¨Drug trafficking is a global illicit trade involving the cultivation,
manufacture, distribution and sale of substances which are subject
to drug prohibition laws¨. UNODC, 2008.
Darknet

Colombia
National Regulations
The current Colombian regulatory framework for drugs has
four pillars:
1.  The prohibition of consumption
2.  The fight against drug trafficking and organized crime
through the use of criminal law
3.  Repressive measurest such as the eradication of crops
4.  Prevention and education.

Colombia
Institutionality
—  The National Drug Council: Ministry of Interior and
Justice (Article 89, Law 30 of 1986). Control and
eliminate the production, trafficking and consumption of
psychoactive substances.
—  The National Narcotics direction: institution to
advise, coordinate and implement "Government policy
focused on control and reduction of production,
trafficking and consumption of drugs".
—  The National Police and the Army: responsible for
the eradication of illicit crops.

Colombia
Institutionality
—  M i n i s t r i e s o f H e a l t h , E d u c a t i o n a n d
Communications: responsible for promoting and
developing prevention campaigns and contribute to re-
habilitation.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-h-dcsVN4ps
—  The judicial system: whose institutions of the criminal
justice system are responsible of paying the penalties
included in national regulations.

Political Declaration de 2009 Plan of Action
Part I. Demand reduction and related measures
—  Cooperation Internal. DDHH, vulnerability groups, training.
Part II. Supply reduction and related measures
—  Control of precursors and of amphetamine-type stimulants,
eradicating, violence reduction, technical assistance.
Part III Countering money-laundering and promoting
judicial cooperation to enchance international
cooperation
—  Countering money-laundering, Legal cooperation.

Different categories of drugs:
Cannabis 177 million consumers
Marihuana: Paraguay / Hachis: Afghanistan, Morocco
Opiates (Heroine) 49 million consumers
Afghanistan, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos.
Synthetic drugs 43 million consumers
China, India
Cocaine 17 million consumers
Bolivia, Perú, Colombia

Estimates hectariass cocaine based on the UNODC
Country 2002 2007 2012
Bolivia 21.600 28.900 25.300
Colombia 102.000 99.000 48.000
Perú 46.700 53.700 60.400
170.300 181.600 133.700

International cooperation against the world drug problem (Resolución
67/193)
The need to take all appropriate measures, including legislative,
administrative, social and educational measures, to protect
children and young people against the illicit use of narcotic drugs and
psychotropic substances, as defined in the relevant treaties, and to
prevent the use of children and young people in the illicit production of
and trafficking in such substances, and urging Governments to implement
Commission on Narcotic Drugs resolution 53/10 of 12 March 2010,15

For brings greater balance and coherence to the drug control
system – needs to be led by the United Nations, Colombia
wages its battle against the world drug problem within the
context of the international community’s principles on the
subject, as mentioned by the resolution 68/197 about
International cooperation against the world drug problem:
Responsibility, Multilateralism, Comprehensiveness,
Balance, International cooperation
•  Respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity
—  Non-intervention in the internal affairs of states
—  Respect for all human rights and fundamental freedoms
—  Non-selective and non-accusatory approach.

Panoramic
Legality vs. social conscience
Health vs. Social problem
Demographic aspect: Age, gender, address
Sociocultural aspect: cultural exchange, loss values
Socioeconomic aspect: acquisitive differences, unemployment
Drug control policies: Immediate reaction capability and
flexibility
Tendencies: availability, risk, consumption. Social capital.
specific events, mode

Bibligraphy
United Nations, 2009. Political declaration and plan of action on international cooperation towards and integrated
and balanced strategy to counter the world drug problem.
United Nations, 2012. World Drug report. New York.
United Nations, 2014 International narcotic control. Report 2013. New York.
United Nations office on Drugs and Crime, 2014. World Drug Report 2014 (United Nations publications, sales N.E.
14.XI.7).
http://www.odc.gov.co
http://idpc.net/es/publications/2015/01/respuesta-del-idpc-al-informe-mundial-sobre-drogas-de-la-onudd-
para-2014
https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/commissions/CND/Political_Declarations/Political-Declarations_Index.html
http://www.druglawreform.info/es/publicaciones/sistemas-sobrecargados/item/936-leyes-de-drogas-y-carceles-
en-colombia
http://www.unodc.org/unodc/es/drug-trafficking/
http://research.un.org/es/docs/ga/quick/regular/68

United Nations system and drug control organs and their secretariat
General Assembly
Economic and Social
Council
INCB
Commission on
Narcotic Drugs
UNODCa
/INCB secretariatb
Key:
Direct connection (administrative or constitutional)
Reporting, cooperating and advising relationship
a
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
b
The INCB secretariat reports on substantive matters to INCB only.

Reaffirm the Political Declaration adopted by the General
Assembly at its twentieth special session, (Resolution S-20/2).
The Declaration on the Guiding Principles of Drug Demand
Reduction, (Resolution S20/3).
The Action Plan for the Implementation of the Declaration on the
Guiding Principles of Drug Demand Reduction, (Resolution
54/132).
The Action Plan on International Cooperation on the Eradication
of Illicit Drug Crops and on Alternative Development,
(Resolution S20/4).

The provisions of the 2005 World Summit Outcome (Resolution
60/1)
Addressing the world drug problem, the Political Declaration on
HIV/AIDS (Resolucion 60/262)
Other relevant United Nations resolutions, including General
Assembly resolution 63/197 of 18 December 2008 and those on
regional and international cooperation to prevent the diversion
and smuggling of precursors.
Political Declaration and Plan of Action on International
Cooperation towards an Integrated and Balanced Strategy to
Counter the World Drug Problem. (Resolution 64/182)

Drug Trafficking Colombia

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