This document discusses the history and development of public procurement regulations in Pakistan. It notes that prior to 2002, public procurements were governed by various codes and manuals. In 2002, Pakistan promulgated a Public Procurement Regulatory Authority (PPRA) Ordinance, establishing a regulatory framework based on the UNCITRAL Model Law on Procurement. The PPRA Rules introduced in 2004 apply the regulatory framework to federal government procuring agencies. The document outlines the key principles of the regulatory framework, including value for money, transparency, and different procurement methods ranging from open competitive bidding to petty purchases.
The document outlines the Rules of Business in Pakistan. It details the framework and procedures for conducting business within the Federal Secretariat, including the allocation of business among ministries and divisions, consultation procedures between divisions, and procedures related to the cabinet, legislation, and relations with Parliament. Key aspects covered include the roles of the Prime Minister and ministers in policymaking and oversight of the divisions under their charge.
- Trustees are usually appointed by the settlor or testator, and if none are appointed then the court will appoint one. The settlor may also appoint other people to appoint new trustees when needed.
- A minor or infant cannot be a trustee. When appointed, the property vests in the trustees until they die, retire, or are removed. Trusteeship terminates upon disclaimer, death, retirement, or removal of a trustee. The court also has powers to appoint or remove trustees if needed.
This document discusses international disputes and their settlement. It defines an international dispute as a disagreement between states on a point of law or fact that can arise from legal or political grounds. Disputes can be settled through amicable or peaceful means, such as negotiation, good offices, mediation, arbitration, or through the United Nations General Assembly or Security Council. The most common peaceful means are negotiation between the states directly, mediation involving a third party to participate in discussions, and arbitration where a third party makes a binding decision. International disputes may also be settled through legal means such as the International Court of Justice.
This document is the Patents Ordinance 2000 which establishes the laws around patents in Pakistan. It establishes the Patent Office as the administrative body that will process patent applications and grants. It appoints a Controller of Patents to head the office. It defines key terms related to patents such as invention, patentee, exclusive license, etc. It also outlines qualifications for patentability, such as an invention must be new, involve an inventive step, and have industrial application. Certain things are not regarded as inventions including scientific theories, business methods, and naturally occurring substances.
This document provides an introduction to international law. It defines international law as the set of rules that countries follow in dealing with each other. It notes there are three main categories: public international law regarding relations between sovereign states; private international law addressing jurisdiction in legal cases with international aspects; and supranational law involving collective laws agreed upon by states. The document outlines some key characteristics of international law, such as its decentralized nature in lawmaking and enforcement. It also discusses theories for why international law is considered binding on states and other actors. Finally, it briefly summarizes some functions and weaknesses of international law.
This document defines international law and discusses its main sources. It begins by providing definitions of international law from several jurists. It then distinguishes between the two main kinds of international law: public and private. Public international law regulates relations between states and other entities, while private international law determines which law applies in cases involving foreign elements. The document also discusses whether international law can truly be considered law given its lack of enforcement mechanisms compared to domestic law. Finally, it outlines the six main sources of international law according to the ICJ statute: treaties, customs, general principles of law, judicial decisions, writings of jurists, and other sources.
The document outlines the Rules of Business in Pakistan. It details the framework and procedures for conducting business within the Federal Secretariat, including the allocation of business among ministries and divisions, consultation procedures between divisions, and procedures related to the cabinet, legislation, and relations with Parliament. Key aspects covered include the roles of the Prime Minister and ministers in policymaking and oversight of the divisions under their charge.
- Trustees are usually appointed by the settlor or testator, and if none are appointed then the court will appoint one. The settlor may also appoint other people to appoint new trustees when needed.
- A minor or infant cannot be a trustee. When appointed, the property vests in the trustees until they die, retire, or are removed. Trusteeship terminates upon disclaimer, death, retirement, or removal of a trustee. The court also has powers to appoint or remove trustees if needed.
This document discusses international disputes and their settlement. It defines an international dispute as a disagreement between states on a point of law or fact that can arise from legal or political grounds. Disputes can be settled through amicable or peaceful means, such as negotiation, good offices, mediation, arbitration, or through the United Nations General Assembly or Security Council. The most common peaceful means are negotiation between the states directly, mediation involving a third party to participate in discussions, and arbitration where a third party makes a binding decision. International disputes may also be settled through legal means such as the International Court of Justice.
This document is the Patents Ordinance 2000 which establishes the laws around patents in Pakistan. It establishes the Patent Office as the administrative body that will process patent applications and grants. It appoints a Controller of Patents to head the office. It defines key terms related to patents such as invention, patentee, exclusive license, etc. It also outlines qualifications for patentability, such as an invention must be new, involve an inventive step, and have industrial application. Certain things are not regarded as inventions including scientific theories, business methods, and naturally occurring substances.
This document provides an introduction to international law. It defines international law as the set of rules that countries follow in dealing with each other. It notes there are three main categories: public international law regarding relations between sovereign states; private international law addressing jurisdiction in legal cases with international aspects; and supranational law involving collective laws agreed upon by states. The document outlines some key characteristics of international law, such as its decentralized nature in lawmaking and enforcement. It also discusses theories for why international law is considered binding on states and other actors. Finally, it briefly summarizes some functions and weaknesses of international law.
This document defines international law and discusses its main sources. It begins by providing definitions of international law from several jurists. It then distinguishes between the two main kinds of international law: public and private. Public international law regulates relations between states and other entities, while private international law determines which law applies in cases involving foreign elements. The document also discusses whether international law can truly be considered law given its lack of enforcement mechanisms compared to domestic law. Finally, it outlines the six main sources of international law according to the ICJ statute: treaties, customs, general principles of law, judicial decisions, writings of jurists, and other sources.
The document discusses whether international law can be considered true law. It presents different views on this question. John Austin argued that international law is not legally binding because it lacks a sovereign lawmaker and enforcement mechanisms. However, Oppenheim believed international law meets the criteria as a body of rules agreed upon by states and enforced through their common consent. Modern developments have strengthened international law, with the establishment of international legislation, courts like the ICJ, and collective enforcement through the UN. While Austin's view was valid historically, most scholars now agree international law can be considered true law based on these contemporary changes.
The document summarizes the key aspects of dispute settlement in the World Trade Organization (WTO). It outlines the improvements made relative to the prior GATT system, including establishing automatic procedures for establishing panels and adopting reports. The main stages of dispute settlement under the WTO are described as consultations, panel establishment, panel procedures, appellate review, implementation, and determination of a reasonable period of time for compliance. The document provides an example case between Antigua/Barbuda and the United States regarding gambling services to illustrate how the dispute settlement process works.
This document discusses bureaucracy in Pakistan. It defines bureaucracy as a system of government run by state officials rather than elected representatives. There are five main types of bureaucracy in Pakistan: cabinet departments, independent executive agencies, independent regulatory agencies, government corporations, and presidential commissions. The document provides examples of each type and discusses the roles and characteristics of the Pakistani bureaucracy, including implementing policies, administration, and regulation. It gives brief biographies of two prominent Pakistani bureaucrats as examples.
This document provides an overview of the Law of Treaties based on lectures 4 and 5. It discusses key topics like the codification of international law on treaties in the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. The summary defines what constitutes a treaty and outlines the process for concluding treaties, including the requirement that state representatives be given full powers to negotiate on behalf of their state.
The document summarizes information about the U.S. Congress from Chapter 10. It discusses the reasons for a bicameral legislature established by the Constitution, including historical precedent from the British Parliament and the need for compromise between state plans. It also describes terms of Congress, sessions of Congress, the size and terms of the House and Senate, qualifications for members of each chamber, committee work and oversight responsibilities of legislators, and their compensation.
The document presents information on competition law in India. It discusses the need for competition laws, objectives of the MRTP Act of 1969, key features of the Competition Act 2002 including prohibiting anti-competitive agreements and abuse of dominant position. It also describes types of monopolistic trade practices, restrictive trade practices, unfair trade practices and differences between horizontal and vertical agreements. Some important international cartel cases involving graphite electrodes, lysine and vitamins are also summarized.
“Transfer of property” defined.— (Sec 5)
In the following sections “transfer of property” means an act by which a living person conveys property, in present or in future, to one or more other living persons, or to himself, or to himself and one or more other living persons; and “to transfer property” is to perform such act.In this section “living person” includes a company or association or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, but nothing herein contained shall affect any law for the time being in force relating to transfer of property to or by companies, associations or bodies of individuals.
Writ Jurisdiction and Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in BangladeshAhasan Uddin Bhuiyan
Writ Jurisdiction is the instrument for enforcement of fundamental rights. A writ is only permitted when the defendant has no other adequate remedy, such as an appeal.
For the enforcement of fundamental rights one has to move the Supreme Court or the High Courts directly by invoking Writ Jurisdiction of these courts. But the high cost and complicated procedure involved in litigation, however, makes equal access to jurisdiction in mere slogan in respect of millions of destitute and underprivileged masses stricken by poverty, illiteracy and ignorance. The Supreme Court of India, pioneered the Public Interest Litigation (PIL) thereby throwing upon the portals of courts to the common man.
As a part of my academic activities, I’ve completed this assignment on writ jurisdictions and Public Interest Litigation (PIL) .
This document discusses the definitions and differences between international law and municipal law. It defines international law as the body of rules considered legally binding by states in their relations with each other. Municipal law refers to the laws applicable within a local government entity. The document also discusses the theories of monism and dualism regarding how international law relates to municipal law, and provides criticisms of each approach.
Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah played a pivotal role in establishing Pakistan as a separate homeland for Indian Muslims. He led the Pakistan Movement from the early 1900s, first seeking to protect Muslim rights and representation within a united India. When it became clear that Hindus and Muslims could not live together in one nation, Jinnah championed the Two Nation Theory and demanded a separate Muslim state through his Fourteen Points and as president of the All India Muslim League. His leadership and political acumen helped achieve the historic creation of Pakistan in 1947.
This document provides an overview of competition policy and law in India. It discusses the early stages of India's planned economic development and transition to economic reforms since 1991. This led to the enactment of the Competition Act of 2002 and establishment of the Competition Commission of India in 2003 to prevent anti-competitive practices. The CCI regulates combinations (mergers and acquisitions) by requiring compulsory notification above certain thresholds. Combinations are assessed based on their impact on competition and orders passed for approval or modification. Relevant provisions and procedures related to combination regulation aim to balance effective competition with business certainty.
Cartels and Anti-Competitive Agreement: A Critical StudyKritika Goel
A study of the formation of cartels in India and statutory measures taken to control cartels in the light of the most celebrated case with respect to cartel formation in India known as the cement industry case.
The primary objective оf this study is tо break down if there is cartelizatiоn in the bond business in India and tо what degree. I alsо wish tо cоmpare the Mоnоpоlistic and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 ("MRTP") with the Cоmpetitiоn Act and pоint оut shоrtcоmings fоr detectiоn and cоntrоl оf cartels.
Anti competitive agreements under the competition actAltacit Global
The document discusses anti-competitive agreements under the Competition Act in India. It covers what the Act prohibits, including anti-competitive arrangements between businesses like cartels that fix prices or allocate markets. Horizontal agreements between competitors like price fixing are prohibited. Vertical agreements between businesses at different levels can also restrict competition. The Indian Contract Act also addresses restrictive agreements but has exceptions for reasonable restraints like non-compete clauses for outgoing business partners. The Competition Act aims to promote fair competition for consumer welfare while preventing monopolies formed through anti-competitive collusion.
Need a quick refresher on the structure of local government in the United States? Presenting to a group of high school students? Well Life, Well Run has you covered with this Prezi presentation.
International arbitration is the most commonly used process for resolving commercial disputes between transnational parties. There are two main types - ad hoc arbitration, which is flexible but requires party cooperation, and institutional arbitration, which is administered by an arbitration organization. Mediation is also used, where a neutral party helps negotiate a settlement, but it is non-binding and parties can withdraw at any time. The Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague is the oldest international dispute resolution organization and handles cases between states as well as between states and private parties.
This document is the Arbitration and Conciliation Act of 1996 in India, which consolidates and amends laws relating to domestic and international commercial arbitration as well as enforcement of foreign arbitral awards. It was enacted to take into account the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration and UNCITRAL Conciliation Rules, in order to establish a unified legal framework for the fair and efficient settlement of disputes arising in international commercial relations. The Act covers definitions, provisions relating to arbitration agreements, composition of arbitral tribunals, challenges to arbitrators, and judicial intervention in arbitration.
Senate of Pakistan is also known as the upper house of Pakistan. The elections for senate are conducted after a time interval of three years for one half of the senate and each senator is allocated a time period of six years. If in any scenario there is no president in Pakistan or he is unable to perform his duties then chairmen of the senate perform the duties of a president unless and until there comes a new president or old one recovers himself.
This document discusses alternative dispute resolution (ADR). It defines ADR as resolving disputes without a trial through processes like arbitration, mediation, and neutral evaluation. The document outlines the philosophies and goals of ADR, including encouraging settlement, adopting a win-win approach, integrating parties' interests, and complying with social norms. It also discusses the success of ADR in Bangladesh, noting statistics that show high rates of cases being resolved through mediation and ADR mechanisms in family courts and other laws.
Llb ii pil u 2.2 international disputes -settlementRai University
This document summarizes various peaceful and non-peaceful means of settling disputes between states under public international law. Peaceful methods include negotiation, good offices, mediation, conciliation, enquiry, arbitration, and judicial settlement through bodies like the International Court of Justice. Non-peaceful methods include restorsion, reprisals, intervention, and war. It also discusses arbitration, litigation, and alternative dispute resolution mechanisms like negotiation, inquiry, mediation, conciliation, and minitrials. Permanent arbitral entities that help resolve international disputes include the Permanent Court of Arbitration and international courts.
1. The document defines key terms used in the Transfer of Property Act such as immovable property, instrument, attested, attached to the earth, notice, transfer of property, and conditions precedent and subsequent.
2. It explains what types of property can be transferred and who is competent to transfer property. Certain interests like those of tenants cannot be assigned.
3. When property is transferred, all interests that can be passed are transferred unless otherwise specified, including easements, rents, and things attached to the property. Conditions that restrain alienation or restrict enjoyment of property are generally void.
This document provides notification of new Public Procurement Rules in Pakistan. Some key points:
- The rules are being made under the Public Procurement Regulatory Authority Ordinance of 2002.
- Definitions are provided for important terms like bid, bidder, contractor, corrupt practices, etc.
- The rules apply to all procurements by Federal Government agencies, whether within or outside Pakistan.
- Procuring agencies must ensure fair and transparent procurements that provide value for money.
The document discusses procurement issues and practices in the oil and gas industry in Tanzania. It begins by defining procurement and outlining key principles like transparency, fairness and value for money. It then examines different contracting concepts and strategies used for complex oil and gas projects. These include using individual contracts or consolidated EPIC and alliance contracts. The document also covers rules for procurement from international standards and specific procedures for procuring oil products in Tanzania. It concludes by discussing performance evaluation of suppliers in the industry.
The document discusses whether international law can be considered true law. It presents different views on this question. John Austin argued that international law is not legally binding because it lacks a sovereign lawmaker and enforcement mechanisms. However, Oppenheim believed international law meets the criteria as a body of rules agreed upon by states and enforced through their common consent. Modern developments have strengthened international law, with the establishment of international legislation, courts like the ICJ, and collective enforcement through the UN. While Austin's view was valid historically, most scholars now agree international law can be considered true law based on these contemporary changes.
The document summarizes the key aspects of dispute settlement in the World Trade Organization (WTO). It outlines the improvements made relative to the prior GATT system, including establishing automatic procedures for establishing panels and adopting reports. The main stages of dispute settlement under the WTO are described as consultations, panel establishment, panel procedures, appellate review, implementation, and determination of a reasonable period of time for compliance. The document provides an example case between Antigua/Barbuda and the United States regarding gambling services to illustrate how the dispute settlement process works.
This document discusses bureaucracy in Pakistan. It defines bureaucracy as a system of government run by state officials rather than elected representatives. There are five main types of bureaucracy in Pakistan: cabinet departments, independent executive agencies, independent regulatory agencies, government corporations, and presidential commissions. The document provides examples of each type and discusses the roles and characteristics of the Pakistani bureaucracy, including implementing policies, administration, and regulation. It gives brief biographies of two prominent Pakistani bureaucrats as examples.
This document provides an overview of the Law of Treaties based on lectures 4 and 5. It discusses key topics like the codification of international law on treaties in the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. The summary defines what constitutes a treaty and outlines the process for concluding treaties, including the requirement that state representatives be given full powers to negotiate on behalf of their state.
The document summarizes information about the U.S. Congress from Chapter 10. It discusses the reasons for a bicameral legislature established by the Constitution, including historical precedent from the British Parliament and the need for compromise between state plans. It also describes terms of Congress, sessions of Congress, the size and terms of the House and Senate, qualifications for members of each chamber, committee work and oversight responsibilities of legislators, and their compensation.
The document presents information on competition law in India. It discusses the need for competition laws, objectives of the MRTP Act of 1969, key features of the Competition Act 2002 including prohibiting anti-competitive agreements and abuse of dominant position. It also describes types of monopolistic trade practices, restrictive trade practices, unfair trade practices and differences between horizontal and vertical agreements. Some important international cartel cases involving graphite electrodes, lysine and vitamins are also summarized.
“Transfer of property” defined.— (Sec 5)
In the following sections “transfer of property” means an act by which a living person conveys property, in present or in future, to one or more other living persons, or to himself, or to himself and one or more other living persons; and “to transfer property” is to perform such act.In this section “living person” includes a company or association or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, but nothing herein contained shall affect any law for the time being in force relating to transfer of property to or by companies, associations or bodies of individuals.
Writ Jurisdiction and Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in BangladeshAhasan Uddin Bhuiyan
Writ Jurisdiction is the instrument for enforcement of fundamental rights. A writ is only permitted when the defendant has no other adequate remedy, such as an appeal.
For the enforcement of fundamental rights one has to move the Supreme Court or the High Courts directly by invoking Writ Jurisdiction of these courts. But the high cost and complicated procedure involved in litigation, however, makes equal access to jurisdiction in mere slogan in respect of millions of destitute and underprivileged masses stricken by poverty, illiteracy and ignorance. The Supreme Court of India, pioneered the Public Interest Litigation (PIL) thereby throwing upon the portals of courts to the common man.
As a part of my academic activities, I’ve completed this assignment on writ jurisdictions and Public Interest Litigation (PIL) .
This document discusses the definitions and differences between international law and municipal law. It defines international law as the body of rules considered legally binding by states in their relations with each other. Municipal law refers to the laws applicable within a local government entity. The document also discusses the theories of monism and dualism regarding how international law relates to municipal law, and provides criticisms of each approach.
Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah played a pivotal role in establishing Pakistan as a separate homeland for Indian Muslims. He led the Pakistan Movement from the early 1900s, first seeking to protect Muslim rights and representation within a united India. When it became clear that Hindus and Muslims could not live together in one nation, Jinnah championed the Two Nation Theory and demanded a separate Muslim state through his Fourteen Points and as president of the All India Muslim League. His leadership and political acumen helped achieve the historic creation of Pakistan in 1947.
This document provides an overview of competition policy and law in India. It discusses the early stages of India's planned economic development and transition to economic reforms since 1991. This led to the enactment of the Competition Act of 2002 and establishment of the Competition Commission of India in 2003 to prevent anti-competitive practices. The CCI regulates combinations (mergers and acquisitions) by requiring compulsory notification above certain thresholds. Combinations are assessed based on their impact on competition and orders passed for approval or modification. Relevant provisions and procedures related to combination regulation aim to balance effective competition with business certainty.
Cartels and Anti-Competitive Agreement: A Critical StudyKritika Goel
A study of the formation of cartels in India and statutory measures taken to control cartels in the light of the most celebrated case with respect to cartel formation in India known as the cement industry case.
The primary objective оf this study is tо break down if there is cartelizatiоn in the bond business in India and tо what degree. I alsо wish tо cоmpare the Mоnоpоlistic and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 ("MRTP") with the Cоmpetitiоn Act and pоint оut shоrtcоmings fоr detectiоn and cоntrоl оf cartels.
Anti competitive agreements under the competition actAltacit Global
The document discusses anti-competitive agreements under the Competition Act in India. It covers what the Act prohibits, including anti-competitive arrangements between businesses like cartels that fix prices or allocate markets. Horizontal agreements between competitors like price fixing are prohibited. Vertical agreements between businesses at different levels can also restrict competition. The Indian Contract Act also addresses restrictive agreements but has exceptions for reasonable restraints like non-compete clauses for outgoing business partners. The Competition Act aims to promote fair competition for consumer welfare while preventing monopolies formed through anti-competitive collusion.
Need a quick refresher on the structure of local government in the United States? Presenting to a group of high school students? Well Life, Well Run has you covered with this Prezi presentation.
International arbitration is the most commonly used process for resolving commercial disputes between transnational parties. There are two main types - ad hoc arbitration, which is flexible but requires party cooperation, and institutional arbitration, which is administered by an arbitration organization. Mediation is also used, where a neutral party helps negotiate a settlement, but it is non-binding and parties can withdraw at any time. The Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague is the oldest international dispute resolution organization and handles cases between states as well as between states and private parties.
This document is the Arbitration and Conciliation Act of 1996 in India, which consolidates and amends laws relating to domestic and international commercial arbitration as well as enforcement of foreign arbitral awards. It was enacted to take into account the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration and UNCITRAL Conciliation Rules, in order to establish a unified legal framework for the fair and efficient settlement of disputes arising in international commercial relations. The Act covers definitions, provisions relating to arbitration agreements, composition of arbitral tribunals, challenges to arbitrators, and judicial intervention in arbitration.
Senate of Pakistan is also known as the upper house of Pakistan. The elections for senate are conducted after a time interval of three years for one half of the senate and each senator is allocated a time period of six years. If in any scenario there is no president in Pakistan or he is unable to perform his duties then chairmen of the senate perform the duties of a president unless and until there comes a new president or old one recovers himself.
This document discusses alternative dispute resolution (ADR). It defines ADR as resolving disputes without a trial through processes like arbitration, mediation, and neutral evaluation. The document outlines the philosophies and goals of ADR, including encouraging settlement, adopting a win-win approach, integrating parties' interests, and complying with social norms. It also discusses the success of ADR in Bangladesh, noting statistics that show high rates of cases being resolved through mediation and ADR mechanisms in family courts and other laws.
Llb ii pil u 2.2 international disputes -settlementRai University
This document summarizes various peaceful and non-peaceful means of settling disputes between states under public international law. Peaceful methods include negotiation, good offices, mediation, conciliation, enquiry, arbitration, and judicial settlement through bodies like the International Court of Justice. Non-peaceful methods include restorsion, reprisals, intervention, and war. It also discusses arbitration, litigation, and alternative dispute resolution mechanisms like negotiation, inquiry, mediation, conciliation, and minitrials. Permanent arbitral entities that help resolve international disputes include the Permanent Court of Arbitration and international courts.
1. The document defines key terms used in the Transfer of Property Act such as immovable property, instrument, attested, attached to the earth, notice, transfer of property, and conditions precedent and subsequent.
2. It explains what types of property can be transferred and who is competent to transfer property. Certain interests like those of tenants cannot be assigned.
3. When property is transferred, all interests that can be passed are transferred unless otherwise specified, including easements, rents, and things attached to the property. Conditions that restrain alienation or restrict enjoyment of property are generally void.
This document provides notification of new Public Procurement Rules in Pakistan. Some key points:
- The rules are being made under the Public Procurement Regulatory Authority Ordinance of 2002.
- Definitions are provided for important terms like bid, bidder, contractor, corrupt practices, etc.
- The rules apply to all procurements by Federal Government agencies, whether within or outside Pakistan.
- Procuring agencies must ensure fair and transparent procurements that provide value for money.
The document discusses procurement issues and practices in the oil and gas industry in Tanzania. It begins by defining procurement and outlining key principles like transparency, fairness and value for money. It then examines different contracting concepts and strategies used for complex oil and gas projects. These include using individual contracts or consolidated EPIC and alliance contracts. The document also covers rules for procurement from international standards and specific procedures for procuring oil products in Tanzania. It concludes by discussing performance evaluation of suppliers in the industry.
Development of India's Carbon Credit Market.pptxmsounak95
Provides an overview of the development of Carbon Markets since Kyoto Protocol with a special focus on the compliance markets. It also explores the various global ETS instruments currently operational and its impact on the economy and corporates. It also examines the regulatory development of India's Carbon Credit Trading Scheme and provides critical analysis of various provisions.
This document outlines the Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act No. 9184, otherwise known as the Government Procurement Reform Act. It discusses several key points:
1) It establishes rules and regulations for modernizing, standardizing, and regulating government procurement activities from planning through contract implementation and termination.
2) It declares the policy of the government to conduct competitive and transparent procurement through public bidding, with some exceptions.
3) It establishes principles like transparency, competitiveness, streamlined processes, accountability, and public monitoring to govern procurement.
4) It defines the scope, application, and terms used in the regulation, and mandates the standardization of procurement processes and forms.
The document discusses the rules and regulations of the Public Procurement Regulatory Authority (PPRA) in Pakistan. Some key points:
- PPRA is responsible for prescribing regulations and procedures for public procurement to improve governance, transparency, and quality of procurement.
- Its functions include improving governance and transparency of procurement, supervising implementation of laws/policies, and formulating procurement regulations.
- The document outlines various rules related to procurement planning, advertising, bidding documents, qualifications, and other aspects of the procurement process. It aims to ensure fair competition and value for money.
Plymouth & INCIC Launch Event 30th November 2017 Dynamic Purchasing System (D...Jonathan Hines
The document describes a new Dynamic Purchasing System (DPS) being established by Independence CIC (INCIC) and Plymouth City Council (PCC) for home adaptations, repairs, maintenance, and improvements. The DPS will replace PCC's existing bathroom framework agreement and provide a flexible, electronic procurement solution for local authorities, housing associations, and other organizations across the UK. The DPS will allow new contractors and suppliers to join at any time and will be managed by INCIC, including administering contracts and documentation. A launch event is scheduled for November 29-30 to present the DPS and its application to potential customer organizations and suppliers.
Major changes in the new Public Procurement Directives, June 2014, Universida...Carina Risvig Hamer
The new EU Public Procurement Directives were published in March 2014. The Danish implementation of the directives will involve a public procurement law committee discussing changes. The committee is comprised of representatives from government ministries, organizations, and industry. They will work to draft new Danish procurement legislation that implements the directives. The outcome will likely be one large act that closely mirrors the wording of the directives. A proposal is expected in early 2015.
This document contains the 2016 Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act No. 9184, otherwise known as the Government Procurement Reform Act. It lays out rules for modernizing, standardizing, and regulating government procurement in the Philippines. Some key points include: establishing a policy of transparency and competitiveness in procurement; defining the scope and application of the regulations; and defining important terms related to government procurement processes and entities.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Philippine Government Procurement Act (RA 9184), including:
- It defines government procurement and mandates its use for all government entities.
- It establishes principles of transparency, competitiveness, and accountability in procurement.
- It outlines the roles and responsibilities of the Bids and Awards Committee, Technical Working Group, and Head of Procuring Entity in procurement processes.
- It discusses requirements for procurement planning including the Annual Procurement Plan and Procurement Project Management Plans.
- It describes penalties for offenses committed in violation of the Act.
class reporting for Government procurement act
Data from this report is taken online i do not claim to be the author
this is a compilation of data gathered for my classroom presentation only
The document summarizes key aspects of the Government Procurement Act (RA 9184) in the Philippines. It outlines the scope, transparency requirements, competitive bidding process, roles of the Bids and Awards Committee and Technical Working Group in procurement. It also discusses the importance of the Annual Procurement Plan, Procurement Project Management Plans, and penalties for offenses committed in the procurement process. The goal of the Act is to standardize and regulate government procurement through transparency, competitiveness, and accountability.
This document outlines the Tamil Nadu Transparency in Tenders Act and Rules which provide transparency in public procurement in Tamil Nadu. It defines procuring entities, categories and types of procurement contracts. It describes the roles of Tender Inviting and Accepting Authorities and the tendering process including notice, evaluation, acceptance and special provisions. The objective is to regulate procedures for inviting and accepting tenders in a transparent manner.
The document outlines the Public Procurement Rules of 2004 in Pakistan. It defines key terms related to public procurement such as procuring agency, goods, services, works, bidder and corrupt practices. It discusses general provisions including the scope and applicability of the rules, principles of procurement, and compliance with international commitments. It also covers various aspects of procurement planning and processes such as limitations on splitting procurements, specifications, approval mechanisms, advertisement methods, response time, pre-qualification of suppliers, bidding documents and bid opening procedures.
Got Problems with Government Procurement? Here's how to do it right.Ninfa Geloryao
The document outlines key provisions of the Philippine Procurement Act, which provides for modernization, regulation and standardization of government procurement activities. It establishes transparency, competitiveness, accountability and public monitoring as core principles. The Act requires all government procurement to be included in an Annual Procurement Plan and carried out by a Bids and Awards Committee, with technical working groups assisting in the process. It specifies roles and responsibilities for procurement planning, budgeting, contract management and imposing penalties for violations.
We discuss the implications that the new EU directive is having and what other legislation may be introduced in the coming decade that could shape procurement in the future?
Presented by: Andrew Millross (Anthony Collins Solicitors LLP) at PfH Live 2014
This document discusses various ways that the government buys goods and services. It describes contracting vehicles like RFQs, RFPs, RFIs, open market purchases, credit cards, IFBs, sole source contracts, GSA schedules, and GWACs. It provides brief explanations of these different contract types and how agencies can determine best value. The document also summarizes tips for contractors, like getting on contract vehicles, determining what makes you unique, seeking BPAs and teaming agreements, knowing your competition and the agency, and understanding federal acquisition regulations.
Similar to Presentation on PP Rules,2004 (Final)08-02-19.pptx (20)
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.AnnySerafinaLove
This letter, written by Kellen Harkins, Course Director at Full Sail University, commends Anny Love's exemplary performance in the Video Sharing Platforms class. It highlights her dedication, willingness to challenge herself, and exceptional skills in production, editing, and marketing across various video platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram.
Industrial Tech SW: Category Renewal and CreationChristian Dahlen
Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
How to Implement a Strategy: Transform Your Strategy with BSC Designer's Comp...Aleksey Savkin
The Strategy Implementation System offers a structured approach to translating stakeholder needs into actionable strategies using high-level and low-level scorecards. It involves stakeholder analysis, strategy decomposition, adoption of strategic frameworks like Balanced Scorecard or OKR, and alignment of goals, initiatives, and KPIs.
Key Components:
- Stakeholder Analysis
- Strategy Decomposition
- Adoption of Business Frameworks
- Goal Setting
- Initiatives and Action Plans
- KPIs and Performance Metrics
- Learning and Adaptation
- Alignment and Cascading of Scorecards
Benefits:
- Systematic strategy formulation and execution.
- Framework flexibility and automation.
- Enhanced alignment and strategic focus across the organization.
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...my Pandit
Explore the fascinating world of the Gemini Zodiac Sign. Discover the unique personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights of Gemini individuals. Learn how their sociable, communicative nature and boundless curiosity make them the dynamic explorers of the zodiac. Dive into the duality of the Gemini sign and understand their intellectual and adventurous spirit.
3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024SEOSMMEARTH
Buy Verified Payoneer Account: Quick and Secure Way to Receive Payments
Buy Verified Payoneer Account With 100% secure documents, [ USA, UK, CA ]. Are you looking for a reliable and safe way to receive payments online? Then you need buy verified Payoneer account ! Payoneer is a global payment platform that allows businesses and individuals to send and receive money in over 200 countries.
If You Want To More Information just Contact Now:
Skype: SEOSMMEARTH
Telegram: @seosmmearth
Gmail: seosmmearth@gmail.com
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...my Pandit
Dive into the steadfast world of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the grounded, stable, and logical nature of Taurus individuals, and explore their key personality traits, important dates, and horoscope insights. Learn how the determination and patience of the Taurus sign make them the rock-steady achievers and anchors of the zodiac.
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This presentation is a curated compilation of PowerPoint diagrams and templates designed to illustrate 20 different digital transformation frameworks and models. These frameworks are based on recent industry trends and best practices, ensuring that the content remains relevant and up-to-date.
Key highlights include Microsoft's Digital Transformation Framework, which focuses on driving innovation and efficiency, and McKinsey's Ten Guiding Principles, which provide strategic insights for successful digital transformation. Additionally, Forrester's framework emphasizes enhancing customer experiences and modernizing IT infrastructure, while IDC's MaturityScape helps assess and develop organizational digital maturity. MIT's framework explores cutting-edge strategies for achieving digital success.
These materials are perfect for enhancing your business or classroom presentations, offering visual aids to supplement your insights. Please note that while comprehensive, these slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be complete for standalone instructional purposes.
Frameworks/Models included:
Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
McKinsey’s Ten Guiding Principles of Digital Transformation
Forrester’s Digital Transformation Framework
IDC’s Digital Transformation MaturityScape
MIT’s Digital Transformation Framework
Gartner’s Digital Transformation Framework
Accenture’s Digital Strategy & Enterprise Frameworks
Deloitte’s Digital Industrial Transformation Framework
Capgemini’s Digital Transformation Framework
PwC’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cisco’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cognizant’s Digital Transformation Framework
DXC Technology’s Digital Transformation Framework
The BCG Strategy Palette
McKinsey’s Digital Transformation Framework
Digital Transformation Compass
Four Levels of Digital Maturity
Design Thinking Framework
Business Model Canvas
Customer Journey Map
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This PowerPoint compilation offers a comprehensive overview of 20 leading innovation management frameworks and methodologies, selected for their broad applicability across various industries and organizational contexts. These frameworks are valuable resources for a wide range of users, including business professionals, educators, and consultants.
Each framework is presented with visually engaging diagrams and templates, ensuring the content is both informative and appealing. While this compilation is thorough, please note that the slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be sufficient for standalone instructional purposes.
This compilation is ideal for anyone looking to enhance their understanding of innovation management and drive meaningful change within their organization. Whether you aim to improve product development processes, enhance customer experiences, or drive digital transformation, these frameworks offer valuable insights and tools to help you achieve your goals.
INCLUDED FRAMEWORKS/MODELS:
1. Stanford’s Design Thinking
2. IDEO’s Human-Centered Design
3. Strategyzer’s Business Model Innovation
4. Lean Startup Methodology
5. Agile Innovation Framework
6. Doblin’s Ten Types of Innovation
7. McKinsey’s Three Horizons of Growth
8. Customer Journey Map
9. Christensen’s Disruptive Innovation Theory
10. Blue Ocean Strategy
11. Strategyn’s Jobs-To-Be-Done (JTBD) Framework with Job Map
12. Design Sprint Framework
13. The Double Diamond
14. Lean Six Sigma DMAIC
15. TRIZ Problem-Solving Framework
16. Edward de Bono’s Six Thinking Hats
17. Stage-Gate Model
18. Toyota’s Six Steps of Kaizen
19. Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
20. Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)
To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
How to Implement a Real Estate CRM SoftwareSalesTown
To implement a CRM for real estate, set clear goals, choose a CRM with key real estate features, and customize it to your needs. Migrate your data, train your team, and use automation to save time. Monitor performance, ensure data security, and use the CRM to enhance marketing. Regularly check its effectiveness to improve your business.
Best practices for project execution and deliveryCLIVE MINCHIN
A select set of project management best practices to keep your project on-track, on-cost and aligned to scope. Many firms have don't have the necessary skills, diligence, methods and oversight of their projects; this leads to slippage, higher costs and longer timeframes. Often firms have a history of projects that simply failed to move the needle. These best practices will help your firm avoid these pitfalls but they require fortitude to apply.
IMPACT Silver is a pure silver zinc producer with over $260 million in revenue since 2008 and a large 100% owned 210km Mexico land package - 2024 catalysts includes new 14% grade zinc Plomosas mine and 20,000m of fully funded exploration drilling.
Zodiac Signs and Food Preferences_ What Your Sign Says About Your Tastemy Pandit
Know what your zodiac sign says about your taste in food! Explore how the 12 zodiac signs influence your culinary preferences with insights from MyPandit. Dive into astrology and flavors!
The Genesis of BriansClub.cm Famous Dark WEb PlatformSabaaSudozai
BriansClub.cm, a famous platform on the dark web, has become one of the most infamous carding marketplaces, specializing in the sale of stolen credit card data.
B2B payments are rapidly changing. Find out the 5 key questions you need to be asking yourself to be sure you are mastering B2B payments today. Learn more at www.BlueSnap.com.
5. Prior to PPRA regime, Public Procurements were governed by B&R Code,
GFR and Purchase Manual
The United Nations Commission on International Trade
Law (UNCITRAL) was established by the United Nations General
Assembly by its Resolution 2205 (XXI) of 17 December 1966 "to promote
the progressive harmonization and unification of international trade law".
When world trade began to expand dramatically in the 1960s, national
governments began to realize the need for a global set of standards and rules
to harmonize national and regional regulations, which until then governed
international trade
5
6. • UNCITRAL's original membership comprised 29 states, and was expanded to
36 in 1973, and again to 60 in 2004. Pakistan is one of them.
• A model law is a legislative text that is recommended to states for enactment
as part of their national law.
• UNCITRAL Model Law on Procurement of Goods, Construction and
Services (1994)
GoP signed Paris Declaration requiring harmonization of procurement laws
With the support and encouragement of development partners;
PPRA Ordinance promulgated by Federal Govt. in 2002
PPRA Rules introduced by the Federal Govt. in 2004
6
7. These rules shall apply to all procurements made by all procuring
agencies of the Federal Government whether within or outside
Pakistan.
Whenever these rules are in conflict with an obligation or
commitment of the Federal Government arising out of an
international treaty or an agreement with a State or States, or any
international financial institution the provisions of such
international treaty or agreement shall prevail to the extent of such
conflict.
Subject to clearance from Economic Coordination Committee (ECC)
7
10. 10
• “Public procurement” means acquisition of goods, services
or works financed wholly or partly out of the Public Fund,
unless excluded otherwise by the Federal Government.
11. 11
“Goods” means articles and objects of every
kind and description including raw materials,
products, equipment, machinery, spares and
commodities in any form and includes services
incidental to installation, transport, maintenance
and similar obligations related to the supply of
goods if the value of these services does not
exceed the value of such goods;
12. 12
“Works” means any construction work
consisting of erection, assembly, repair,
renovation, or demolition of a building or
structure or part thereof, such as site
preparation, excavation, installation of
equipment or materials and decoration,
finishing and includes incidental services
such as drilling, mapping, satellite
photography, seismic investigations and
similar activities, if the value of those
services does not exceeds that of the works
themselves;
14. “Bid” means a tender, or an offer, in response to an invitation, by
a person, consultant, firm, company or an organization expressing
one’s willingness to undertake a specified task at a price,
OR
“Bid” means a technical proposal or a financial proposal
submitted as a result of request of quotations, tender notice,
request for proposal, as the case may be;
14
15. 15
“Lowest Evaluated Bid” means:
i) a bid most closely conforming to evaluation criteria and
other conditions specified in the bidding documents and
ii) having the lowest cost
“Emergency” means natural calamities, disasters, accidents,
war and operational emergency which may give rise to abnormal
situation requiring prompt and immediate action to limit or avoid
damage to person, property or the environment;
18. “value for money” means best returns for
each rupee spent in terms of quality,
timeliness, reliability, after sales service,
upgradeability, price, source, and the
combination of whole-life cost and quality to
meet the procuring agency's requirements.
18
19. There are three laser jet printers on offer, all of which
provide the same technical output in terms of pages per
minute:
Printer A has the lowest price, but does it offer value-
for-money?
That depends on use.
Printer Cost of Printer Cost of Toner Life of Toner
Printer A Rs.5,000 Rs.1,750 8,000 pages
Printer B Rs.6,000 Rs.1,900 10,000 pages
Printer C Rs.7,500 Rs.1,400 8,000 pages
20. Task:
Calculate the real cost of the printers for 24-month
period if:
1. The office produces 10,000 pages for occasional
letters and occasional reports, every six months; OR
2. The office produces 30,000 pages for generating
weekly reports of the activities, every six months.
Total time: 10 minutes
22. Scenario - 2
Calculation
Printer A: = Rs 5,000 + Rs 26,250 (15 toners X Rs 1,750) = Rs 31,250
Printer B: = Rs 6,000 + Rs 22,800 (12 toners X Rs 1,900) = Rs 28,800
Printer C: = Rs 7,500 + Rs 21,000 (15 toners X Rs 1,400) = Rs 28,500
For this office, printer C, with the highest initial cost, is beginning to look
like the best value-for-money.
If these printers are in use for many years and if the office purchases several
printers, then the savings to be made from buying the more expensive printers
become significant.
22
24. Procurement Planning (Rule-8): all procuring agencies shall
devise a mechanism, for planning in detail for all proposed
procurements with the object of realistically determining the
requirements of the procuring agency, within its available
resources, delivery time or completion date and benefits that are
likely to accrue to the procuring agency in future.
24
25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
S. # Name of
Procurement
(Description)
Estimated
Cost
Procurement
Method**
Tentative
date of
Procurement
Notice
Publication
Tentative
Date of
Award of
Contract
Tentative
Date of
Completi
on
Remarks
(If any)
25
*Annual Procurement Plan may be prepared on assumptions that total allocated budget will be released.
**Procurement Method means Open Competitive Bidding/ Petty Purchases / Quotations / Direct Contracting /
Negotiated Tendering.
(Please add additional sheet if required)
26. Sr.
No.
Descriptio
n of
Procureme
nt
Quantity
(where
applicabl
e)
Estimated
unit cost
(where
applicable)
Estimate
d total
cost
(in
Million
Rs.)
Funds
allocate
d
(in
Million
Rs.)
Source of
funds
(ADP/
Non ADP)
Proposed
procurem
ent
method
Timings of
Procurement
2016-2017
Timings of
Procurement
2017-2018
Q1
Q
2
Q3 Q4 Q1
Q
2
Q
3
Q4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
PROCUREMENT PLAN FOR THE YEAR _________________________
DEPARTMENT:_________________________________________________
27. Limitation on Splitting or Regrouping of proposed
Procurement (Rule-9):
A procuring agency shall announce in an appropriate manner all
proposed procurements for each financial year and shall proceed
accordingly without any splitting or regrouping of the
procurements so planned. The annual requirements thus
determined would be advertised in advance on the Authority’s
website as well as on the website of the procuring agency in case
the procuring agency has its own website.
27
28. Specifications (Rule-10):
Specification shall allow the widest possible competition and shall not favour
any single contractor or supplier nor put others at a disadvantage.
Specifications shall be generic and shall not include reference to brand names,
model numbers, catalogue numbers or similar classifications. However; if PA
convinced that use of such reference / brand / catalogue number is essential to
complete specifications, than it shall be qualified with the words “Or
Equivalent”.
Provided that this rule shall not apply to procurement made by public sector
commercial concerns on the demand of private sector client specifying, in
writing, a particular brand, model or classification of equipment, machinery
or other objects.
28
30. Constitution of
Committees
Preparation of
NIT/RFP and
documents
Publication of
NIT/ RFP
Issuance of
Bidding/ RFP
Documents
Submission and
opening of bids
/ proposals
Evaluation of
bids / proposals
Announcement
Evaluation
Reports
Issuance of
Letter of
Acceptance
Signing / Award
of Contract
30
31. 1. Principal Method of Procurement (Rule-20): the
Procuring agencies shall use open competitive bidding as the
principal method of procurement for the procurement of goods,
works and services.
the procuring agencies shall engage in open competitive
bidding if the cost of the object to be procured is more
than Rs.100,000/-
31
33. a) Petty Purchases
Cost of procurement is below Rs.25,000
No quotations or bidding process is required
PA shall ensure compliance of Rule-4 i.e. principles of
procurement
Provided further that procuring agencies convinced of the inadequacy of
the financial limit prescribed for petty purchases in undertaking their
respective operations may approach the Federal Government for
enhancement of the same with full and proper justifications.
33
34. b) Request for Quotations
◦ Cost of procurement is equivalent to or above Rs.25,000 and
below Rs.100,000
◦ Minimum Three Quotations are required to ensure competitive
prices
34
35. b) Rquest for Quotations (Contd…)
Provided that the respective Boards of Autonomous bodies are
authorized to fix an appropriate limit for request for quotations
method of procurement subject to a maximum of rupees five
hundred thousand which will become financial limit under this
sub-rule:
Provided further that procuring agencies convinced of the
inadequacy of the financial limit prescribed for request for
quotations in undertaking their respective operations may
approach the Federal Government for enhancement of the same
with full and proper justifications;
35
36. c) Direct Contracting
A procuring agency shall only engage in
direct contracting if the following
conditions exist:-
the procurement concerns the acquisition
of spare parts or supplementary services
from original manufacturer or supplier:
Provided that the same are not available
from alternative sources;
36
37. c) Direct Contracting (Contd…)
only one manufacturer or supplier exists for the required
procurement:
Provided that the procuring agencies shall specify the appropriate fora,
which may authorize procurement of proprietary object after due
diligence; and
where a change of supplier would oblige the procuring agency to
acquire material having different technical specifications or
characteristics and would result in incompatibility or disproportionate
technical difficulties in operation and maintenance:
Provided that the contract or contracts do not exceed three years in
duration;
37
38. c) Direct Contracting (Contd…)
repeat orders not exceeding fifteen per cent of the original
procurement;
in case of an emergency:
Provided that the procuring agencies shall specify appropriate fora
vested with necessary authority to declare an emergency;
when the price of goods, services or works is fixed by the
government or any other authority, agency or body duly
authorized by the Government on its behalf and
for purchase of motor vehicle from local original manufacturers
or their authorized agents at manufacturer’s price.
38
39. d) Negotiated Tendering:
A procuring agency may engage in negotiated tendering with one or more
suppliers or contractors with or without prior publication of a procurement
notification. This procedure shall only be used when:
i. The supplies involved are manufactured purely for the purpose of
supporting a specific piece of research or an experiment, a study or a
particular development;
ii. For technical or artistic reasons, or for reasons connected with protection
of exclusive rights or intellectual property, the supplies may be
manufactured or delivered only by a particular supplier
39
40. d) Negotiated Tendering: (contd…)
iii. for reasons of extreme urgency brought about by events
unforeseeable by the procuring agency, the time limits laid down
for open and limited bidding methods cannot be met. The
circumstances invoked to justify extreme urgency must not be
attributable to the procuring agency:
Provided that any procuring agency desirous of using negotiated
tendering as a method of procurement shall record its reasons and
justifications in writing for resorting to negotiated tendering and
shall place the same on record.
40
43. Procurement Methods Definitions
Write Appropriate
Methods
It shall be the default method of procurement for all
procurements and open for all interested parties, firms or
individuals with an estimated cost above Pak rupees one
hundred thousand. The Procuring Entity may choose
appropriate method of open competitive bidding in case of
(i) Procurement of works Goods and services of sophisticated
nature where in local market has limited potential or under
monopolistic market.
(ii) Procurement of works Goods and services of routine
nature where in local market has potential and plenty of
contractors are available
Open
Competitive
Bidding
International
Competitive
Bidding
"National
Competitive
Bidding"
44. Procurement Methods Definitions
Write Appropriate
Methods
It is the method based on comparing price quotations obtained from
at least three suppliers, contractors, and service providers, in the
case of services other than consulting services, to assure competitive
prices. Procuring agencies use the this method
(1) where the object of the procurement is/has:
• above the financial limit of twenty five thousand rupees and
below the prescribed limit of one hundred thousand rupees
• standard specifications
• purchased from the supplier offering the lowest price
(2) It shall indicate the description and quantity of goods or
specifications of works, as well as desired delivery, or completion
time & place. Quotation may be submitted by letter, facsimile or by
electronic means. Further, evaluation of quotations shall follow the
same principles as applicable.
"Request For
Quotation (RFQ)"
45. Procurement Methods Definitions
Write Appropriate
Methods
This method means procurement from a single source without competition
and shall only be applicable under any of the following conditions:
standardization of equipment or spare parts, to be compatible with the
existing equipment, Provided that the competent authority certifies in writing
the compatibility of the equipment or spare part(s) to be procured;
the required item(s) is of proprietary nature and obtainable only from one
source, Provided that the Head of the Department certifies in writing the
proprietary nature of the item(s) to be procured;
when the price of goods and works and service related thereto, is fixed by
Government or any other authority, agency or body duly authorized by the
Government, on its behalf;
for purchase of locally manufactured motor vehicle from local manufacturers
or their authorized agents at manufacturer’s price;
in cases of emergency; Provided that the Head of the Department or any
other officer not below BS-20 to whom such powers have been delegated by
the Head of the Department, declares that a situation of emergency has arisen
and reasons for making such a declaration shall be recorded in writing.
"Direct
Contracting"
46. Procurement Methods Definitions
Write Appropriate
Methods
Procuring agencies may provide for it, where the object of the
procurement is below the financial limit of twenty five thousand
rupees. Such procurement shall be exempt from the requirements of
bidding or quotation of prices; Provided that procuring agencies
shall ensure that the procurement of it is in conformity with the
principles of procurement prescribed in Rule 4 (principles of
procurement).
"Petty Purchases"
47. Procurement Methods Definitions
Write Appropriate
Methods
It means procurement of additional quantities of the item(s) from the
original contractor or supplier, where, after the items originally
envisaged for the project or scheme have been procured through open
competitive bidding, and such additional quantities of the same item(s)
of goods or works are needed to meet the requirements of the project
or scheme; Provided that; (i) the cost of additional quantities of
item(s) shall not exceed 15% of the original contract amount; and (ii)
the original supplier and contractor are willing to supply goods or carry
out additional work on the same prices as agreed in the original
contract. (iii) in case of goods, it shall be permissible only within the
same financial year, and in case of works, during the currency of the
project(s) or scheme(s).
"Repeat Orders"
48. Methods of advertisement (Rule-12)
48
Procurement over Rs.100,000 and up to Rs.2,000,000 shall be
advertised on;
• Authority’s website and may in print media.
Procurement over Rs.2,000,000 shall be advertised on;
• PPRA Website + 2 national dailies (English & Urdu)
49. 1) The procuring agency may decide the response time for
receipt of bids or proposals (including proposals for pre-
qualification) from the date of publication of an advertisement or
notice, keeping in view the individual procurement’s complexity,
availability and urgency.
However, under no circumstances the response time shall be less
than fifteen days for national competitive bidding and thirty
days for international competitive bidding from the date of
publication of advertisement or notice.
49
Response Time (Rule 13)
50. 2) The response time shall be calculated from the date of
first publication of the advertisement in a newspaper or
posting on the web site, as the case may be.
3) In situations where publication of such advertisements or
notices has occurred in both electronic and print media, the
response time shall be calculated from the day of its first
publication in the newspapers.
50
Response Time (Rule 13) (contd…)
51. Exception from publication of advertisement (Rule-14):
Under following circumstances, subject to prior approval of the
Authority, the PA may deviate from the requirement of advertisement;
◦ National Security related procurement
◦ Proprietary nature procurement
◦ Procurement falls within definition of Intellectual
Property
51
52. “Bidding Documents” means a document or a set of documents
prescribing the quantity, quality, characteristics, conditions and
procedures of the transactions prior to the actual procurement and
on the basis of which bidders prepare their bids.
52
53. Contents of biding documents [Rule 23(2)]
invitation to bid;
instructions to bidders;
form of bid;
form of contract;
general or special conditions of contract;
specifications and drawings or performance criteria (where
applicable);
list of goods or bill of quantities (where applicable);
delivery time or completion schedule;
qualification criteria (where applicable);
bid evaluation criteria;
format of all securities required (where applicable);
details of standards (if any) that are to be used in assessing the
quality of goods, works or services specified; and
any other detail not inconsistent with these rules that the
procuring agency may deem necessary.
53
54. In case of large works or complex items, turnkey
projects,
Where setting out specifications is difficult
Where alternate solutions are available
Market knowledge is limited
Sometimes the bidders may also request a Pre Bid
meeting
Pre-bid meetings are held to clarify the technical,
regulatory and procurement aspects of the bidding
documents
54
55. Evaluation Criteria [Rule-29]
◦ The Procuring Agencies shall formulate an appropriate
evaluation criteria listing all the relevant information
against which a bid is to be evaluated.
◦ Evaluation criteria shall be part of BDs
◦ Non-provision of Evaluation Criteria in BDs shall
amount to mis-procurement.
55
56. Submission of Bids (Rule-22)
◦ The bids shall be submitted in a sealed package or
packages in such manner that the contents are fully
enclosed and cannot be known until duly opened.
◦ A procuring agency shall specify the manner and method
of submission and receipt of bids in an unambiguous and
clear manner in the bidding documents.
56
58. Screening of potential contractors, suppliers, or vendors (on
the basis of factors such as experience, financial ability,
managerial ability, reputation, work history, etc.) to develop a list
of qualified bidders
classifies the contractor according to their expertise and
capability in specific work categories within a specific financial
range.
the process enables prospective Bidders, who may be
insufficiently qualified on their own, to avoid the expense of
bidding, or to form a joint venture that may give a better chance
of success;
58
59. A procuring agency may engage in prequalification of
bidders only in following cases:
services, civil works, turnkey projects
procurement of expensive and technically complex
equipment
59
60. Experience and past performance on similar assignments;
Capabilities with respect to construction or
manufacturing facilities;
Financial capability;
Capabilities with respect to personnel, equipment, and
plant;
Appropriate managerial capability; etc.
60
61. A procuring agency, at any stage of the procurement proceedings,
having credible reasons for or prima facie evidence of any defect in
supplier's or contractor's capacities, may require the suppliers or
contractors to provide information concerning their professional,
technical, financial, legal or managerial competence whether
already pre-qualified or not:
Provided that such qualification shall only be laid down after
recording reasons therefore in writing. They shall form part of the
records of that procurement proceeding.
61
62. The procuring agency shall disqualify a supplier or contractor
if it finds, at any time, that the information submitted by him
concerning his qualification as supplier or contractor was false
and materially inaccurate or incomplete.
62
63. The procuring agencies shall specify a mechanism and
manner to permanently or temporarily bar, from participating
in their respective procurement proceedings, suppliers and
contractors who either consistently fail to provide
satisfactory performances or are found to be indulging in
corrupt or fraudulent practices.
Such barring action shall be duly publicized and
communicated to the Authority:
Provided that any supplier or contractor who is to be
blacklisted shall be accorded adequate opportunity of being
heard. 63
64. The PA may require the bidders to furnish a bid
security, not exceeding 5% of the bid price
64
65. ◦ A procuring agency, keeping in view the nature of the procurement,
shall subject the bid to a bid validity period.
◦ Bids shall be valid for the period of time specified in the bidding
document.
◦ The procuring agency shall ordinarily be under an obligation to
process and evaluate the bid within the stipulated bid validity
period. However under exceptional circumstances and for reason to
be recorded in writing, if an extension is considered necessary, all
those who have submitted their bids shall be asked to extend their
respective bid validity period. Such extension shall be for not more
than the period equal to the period of the original bid validity.
65
66. Bidders who,-
◦ agree to extension of their bid validity period shall also extend
the validity of the bid bond or security for the extended period
of the bid validity;
◦ agree to the procuring agency’s request for extension of bid
validity period shall not be permitted to change the substance
of their bids; and
◦ do not agree to an extension of the bid validity period shall be
allowed to withdraw their bids without forfeiture of their bid
bonds or securities
66
67. Where needed and clearly expressed in the bidding
documents, the procuring agency shall require the successful
bidder to furnish a performance guarantee which shall not
exceed ten per cent of the contract amount.
67
69. Bid Opening (Rule-28)
date for opening of bids and last date of submission of bids
shall be the same
bids shall be opened at least thirty minutes after the deadline for
submission
All bids shall be opened publicly in the presence of the bidders
or their representatives who may choose to be present
The procuring agency shall read aloud the unit price as well as
the bid amount
The procuring agency shall record the minutes of the bid
opening
All bids submitted after the time prescribed shall be rejected
and returned without being opened.
69
70. Bid Clarification (Rule-31)
◦ No alteration or modification allowed after the
bids have been opened.
◦ clarifications needed to evaluate the bids may be
sought but the substance or price of the bid shall
not change;
◦ request for clarification and response shall be in
writing.
70
71. Discriminatory and difficult conditions.- (Rule-32)
Save as otherwise provided, no procuring agency shall introduce
any condition, which discriminates between bidders or that is
considered to be met with difficulty. In ascertaining the
discriminatory or difficult nature of any condition reference shall
be made to the ordinary practices of that trade, manufacturing,
construction business or service to which that particular
procurement is related.
71
72. Evaluation of bids (Rule-30)
(1) All bids shall be evaluated in accordance with the
evaluation criteria and other terms and conditions set forth in
the prescribed bidding documents. Save as provided for in sub-
clause (iv) of clause (c) of rule 36 no evaluation criteria shall
be used for evaluation of bids that had not been specified in the
bidding documents.
(2) For the purposes of comparison of bids quoted in different
currencies, the price shall be converted into a single currency
specified in the bidding documents. The rate of exchange shall
be the selling rate, prevailing on the date of opening of bids
specified in the bidding documents, as notified by the State
Bank of Pakistan on that day.
72
73. Procuring agencies shall announce the results of bid evaluation
in the form of a report giving justification for acceptance or
rejection of bids at least ten days prior to the award of
procurement contract.
73
74. Single Stage – One Envelope
Single Stage – Two Envelope
Two Stage Bidding
Two Stage – Two Envelope Bidding
74
75. Conditions for Use of Various Procedures (Rule-37)
Single Stage One Envelope Bidding Procedure
◦ Single stage one envelope bidding procedure shall ordinarily be the main open
competitive bidding procedure used for most of the procurement. Other appropriate
procedures of open competitive bidding shall be selected in the following
circumstances, namely:-
(a) Single Stage Two Envelope Bidding Procedure
◦ bids to be evaluated on technical and financial grounds
◦ price is taken into account after technical evaluation;
(b) Two Stage Bidding Procedure
◦ large and complex contracts
◦ unequal proposals or two or more equally acceptable technical solutions available to
the procuring agency; and
(c) Two Stage Two Envelope Bidding Procedure shall be used for
procurement where alternate technical proposals are possible.
75
76. Acceptance of Bids - (Rule-38)
◦ the bidder with the lowest evaluated bid, shall be awarded the
procurement contract,
◦ within the original or extended period of bid validity.
Limitation on Negotiations– (Rule-40)
◦ Save as otherwise provided there shall be no negotiations
with the bidder having submitted the lowest evaluated bid
or with any other bidder:
◦ Provided that the extent of negotiation permissible shall be
subject to the regulations issued by the Authority.
76
77. Confidentiality– (Rule 41)
◦ The PA shall keep all information regarding the bid
evaluation confidential until the time of announcement
of evaluation report in accordance with the
requirements of Rule-35
77
78. Except for defect liability or maintenance by the supplier, consultant or
contractor, as specified in the conditions of contract, performance of the contract
shall be deemed close on the issue of overall delivery certificate, certificate of
completion of deliverables, or taking over certificate which shall be issued within
thirty days of final taking over of goods or receiving the deliverables or
completion of works enabling the supplier or contractor to submit final bill and
the procuring agency to carry out any inspection of goods, works or services
related thereto, as provided in the contract agreement and auditors to do
substantial audit.
In case of defect liability or maintenance periods, defect liability certificate shall
be issued within thirty days of the expiry of the said period enabling the supplier
or contractor to submit the final bill.
Except for unsettled claims, which shall be resolved through arbitration, and
shall be paid within the time given in the conditions of contract.
78
80. (1) All procuring agencies shall maintain a record of their
respective procurement proceedings along with all
associated documentation for a minimum period of five
years.
(2) Such maintenance of record shall be subject to the
regulations framed in this regard from time to time.
80
82. Consultant- a professional who can:
◦ Provide specialist advice or
◦ Give technical assistance for making policies
◦ Study, design, organize, evaluate and manage projects
82
Includes
• Consulting firms, Legal
advisors, Engineering
firms, Construction
managers, Management
firms, Procurement agents,
Inspection agents,
Auditors, Investment and
merchant banks,
Universities, Research
institutions etc.
83. “Consulting Services” means services of an advisory and
intellectual nature provided by consultants using their
professional skills
83
Includes
• Study, design, organize and
manage projects
• Legal advice
• Planning & Engg Studies
• Arch. Design services
• Supervision,
• Social & Environmental
Assessment etc.
84. Best Quality of Services
Economy and Efficiency
Equal opportunity to all qualified consultant
Encouraging Local talent
Transparency in process
84
85. (1) The procuring agency shall appoint Committee for short listing and selection of
consultant. The Committee shall comprise of at least three competent relevant persons
to evaluate the consultants as per evaluation criteria. In case of non-availability of in-
house expertise the procuring agency may engage outside appropriate sources.
(2) The Committee shall advise on short listing and prequalification of consultants.
(3) Except for single source selection, the Committee shall evaluate the request for
proposals in accordance with clause (b) of rule 36 of the Public Procurement Rules,
2004.
(4) The bidder whose technical and financial proposal is the most advantageous shall
be ranked highest and his bid accepted:
Provided that adjustments in the main days of various level of professionals etc. may
be negotiated, as per requirement if deemed necessary, without any price or rate
negotiations.
85
86. Quality Based Selection Method
◦ Used for specialized, complex and
innovative assignments where quality is
the only factor of consideration.
◦ Proposal with highest technical score is
selected
◦ Financial proposal of technically
responsive or highest ranked proposal
only shall be opened.
86
• Least Cost Selection Method
• Assignments of standard or routine
nature
• Financial proposals of only technically
qualified firms are opened
• Selection on the basis of lowest cost
87. Fixed Budget Method
◦ Simple, Precisely defined, Fixed
Budget Assignments
◦ Proposals that exceed the budget are
rejected
◦ Ranking based on technical evaluation
of qualified bidders
87
• Quality and Cost Based Selection Method
• TORs well defined
• Quality primary consideration and cost
secondary requirement
• Combined weighted technical and
financial score- basis for selection
89. (1) The procuring agency shall constitute a committee comprising
of odd number of persons, with proper powers and authorizations,
to address the complaints of bidders that may occur prior to the
entry into force of the procurement contract.
(2) Any bidder feeling aggrieved by any act of the procuring
agency after the submission of his bid may lodge a written
complaint concerning his grievances not later than fifteen days
after the announcement of the bid evaluation report under rule 35.
89
90. (3) The committee shall investigate and decide upon the complaint
within fifteen days of the receipt of the complaint.
(4) Mere fact of lodging of a complaint shall not warrant suspension
of the procurement process.
(5) Any bidder not satisfied with the decision of the committee of
the procuring agency may lodge an appeal in the relevant court of
jurisdiction.
90
91. (1) After coming into force of the procurement contract, disputes
between the parties to the contract shall be settled by arbitration.
(2) The procuring agencies shall provide for a method of
arbitration in the procurement contract, not inconsistent with the
laws of Pakistan.
Mis-procurement (Rule-50)
Any unauthorized breach of these rules shall amount to mis-
procurement.
91
94. Federal PPRA 8. Within one year of Commencement of these rules.
Punjab PPRA
8. Within one month from the commencement of a
financial year.
Sindh PPRA
11. (2) Reviewed and updated APP –hosting on Authority’s
website in advance.
KPK PPRA
31. Announce all proposed annual procurements before the
end of 31st July each year.
Baluchistan
PPRA
11. (2) Reviewed and updated throughout the life of the
project - hosting on Authority’s website in advance.
AJ&K PPRA 8. Within one year of Commencement of these rules.
95. Federal PPRA 12. (1) one hundred thousand rupees and up to the limit
of two million rupees Urdu, English.
Punjab PPRA 12. (1) one hundred thousand rupees and up to the limit of
two million rupees Urdu, English.
Sindh PPRA 17. (1) one hundred thousand rupees and up to the one
million rupees Urdu, English, Sindhi.
KPK PPRA 11. (1) 19.(1) one hundred thousand rupees and up to the
limit of 2.5 million rupees Urdu, English.
Baluchistan PPRA 15. (1) one hundred thousand rupees and up to one million
rupees Urdu, English.
AJ&K PPRA 12. (1) one hundred thousand rupees and up to the limit of
two million rupees Urdu, English.
96. Federal PPRA (a) 15 days NCB
(b) 30 days ICB (Rule-30)
Punjab PPRA (a) 15 days NCB
(b) 30 days ICB (Rule-14)
Sindh PPRA (a) 15 days NCB
(b) 30 days ICB (Rule-18)
KPK PPRA (a) 15 days NCB
(b) 30 days ICB (Rule-34)
Baluchistan
PPRA
(a) 15 days NCB
(b) 45 days ICB (Rule-16)
AJ&K PPRA (a) 15 days NCB
(b) 30 days ICB (Rule-13)
97. Federal PPRA
Punjab PPRA 2.(sa), 15. procurement is made for a certain
volume or quantity over a specific period
against an agreed sum or rate per item or
lump sum.
Sindh PPRA
KPK PPRA 31A. The procuring entity shall adopt any of
the methods of procurement mentioned in
these rules for purposes of entering into a
framework contract.
Baluchistan PPRA
AJ&K PPRA
98. Federal
PPRA
15.(1) Services, civil works, turnkey projects and expensive and
technically complex equipment.
Punjab PPRA
16.(1) Services, civil works, turnkey projects and expensive and technically
complex equipment.
(2) Goods of one hundred million rupees and above and large consultancy
Sindh PPRA
27. (1) Large and complex works and services, turnkey, design and build, or
management contract, expensive and technically complex equipment and
works, drugs & medicines of complex nature.
KPK PPRA
8. (1) Contracts exceeding Rs.10 million, large and complex goods and
related services.
16. (1) A work irrespective of its worth is considered as complex.
Baluchistan
PPRA
18. (1) Large and complex works and services, turnkey, design and build, or
management contract, expensive and technically complex equipment and
works, drugs & medicines of complex nature.
AJ&K PPRA
15.(1) Services, civil works, turnkey projects and expensive and technically
complex equipment.
99. Federal
PPRA
25. May require bid security not exceeding 5%
of the bid price.
Punjab PPRA 27. May require bid security not exceeding 5% of
estimated price.
Sindh PPRA 37. Shall require bid security not below 1% and
not exceeding 5% of the bid price.
KPK PPRA 12. Up to 2% in case of procurement of goods, if
required. In complex nature, up to 5%.
20. 2% in case of procurement of works.
Baluchistan
PPRA
29. (2) 2% in case of all bids in the form of bank
guarantee or deposit at Call from a scheduled
bank. Up to five percent (5%) in complex
procurement.
AJ&K PPRA 25. May require 2% to 5% of the bid price.
100. Federal PPRA 28. Same day – Shall not be less than thirty minutes
after closing time – unit price as well as the bid
amount.
Punjab PPRA 30. Same day – Shall not be less than thirty minutes after
closing time – unit price as well as the bid amount
Sindh PPRA 41. Same day open within one hour – announce name of
the bidder and total amount of each bid.
KPK PPRA 37. Same day – total amount of each bid and any
alternatives.
Baluchistan
PPRA
33. Same day open within one hour – announce name of
the bidder and total amount of each bid.
AJ&K PPRA 28. Same day – at least thirty minutes after the deadline
for submission of bids, unit price as well as the bid
amount.
101. Federal
PPRA
35. At least ten days prior to the award of
procurement contract.
Punjab
PPRA
37. At least ten days prior to the award of
procurement contract.
Sindh PPRA 45. At least Three working days prior to the award of
procurement contract. Hosting on Authority’s
website is mandatory.
KPK PPRA 45. At least ten days prior to the award of
procurement contract. Hosting on Authority’s
website is mandatory.
Baluchistan
PPRA
40. At least ten days prior to the award of
procurement contract. Hosting on Authority’s
website is mandatory.
AJ&K
PPRA
35. At least ten days prior to the award of
procurement contract.
102. 10
2
Federal
PPRA
48. Single tier – Prior to the entry into force of the
procurement contract – not later than 15 days after
announcement of bid evaluation report – appeal in court.
Punjab PPRA 67. Single tier – Prior to the entry into force of the procurement
contract – not later than 10 days after announcement of bid
evaluation report – no appellant forum defined.
Sindh PPRA 31-32. Two tier –during the procurement proceedings - after
issuance of NIT – Appeal to the Review committee of Authority.
KPK PPRA 3(3) Two tier– at any time prior to award of the contract, within
ten (10) days of making it public in terms of rule 46 of the
procurement rules and pertaining to execution of the contract until
closure of the contract in terms of rule 51 of the procurement rules
– Appeal to Authority.
Baluchistan
PPRA
56. Single tier – Prior to the entry into force of the procurement
contract – appeal in court.
AJ&K PPRA 48. Single tier – Prior to the entry into force of the procurement
contract – not later than 15 days after announcement of bid
evaluation report – appeal in court.