Preanasthetic medication

1. Preanaesthetic medication
Roll NO 100 RIYA
RANJAN
101RIYA TANISHKA
102 SADHANA YADAV
103 SAFFRON GERA
104 SAKSHI
105 SANA AWASHTHI 1

2. Objectives
Defination
AIM
Drugs used for medication
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3. Defination
It is the term applied to the
administration of certain drugs prior to
general anaesthetic agent so as to make
anaesthesia safer
for the patient.
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4. AIM
1.Relief of anxiety and apprehension preopera-
tively and to facilitate smooth induction.
2. Amnesia for perioperative events.
3. Supplement analgesic action of the
anaesthetics
and potentiate it so that less anaesthetic is
needed
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5. 4. Decrease secretions and vagal stimulation
that may be caused by the anaesthetic.
5. Antiemetic effect extend ing into the post-
operative period.
6. Decrease acid ity and volume of gastric juice
so that it is less damaging if aspirated.
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6. Drugs used in
preanesthetic
medication
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7. Common Drugs:
Diazepam (5–10 mg oral)
Lorazepam (2 mg oral or 0.05 mg/kg i.m.)
Midazolam (IV, short-acting, good amnesic)
Effects:
1.Induce calmness and reduce anxiety
2. Amnesic effect (loss of recall, esp. with lorazepam)
3. Minimal respiratory depression
4. Counteract CNS toxicity of local anesthetics
5. Used with fentanyl for minor procedures (endoscopy, minor
surgery)
Benzodiazepines (Sedative-
Antianxiety Drugs)
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9. Common Drugs: 1.Morphine (10 mg i.m.)
2.Pethidine (50–100 mg i.m.) 3.Fentanyl
(IV before induction) Effects: 1.Pre- and
post-operative analgesia 2.Reduce
anxiety & smoothen induction 3.Reduce
anesthetic dose requirement
4.Decrease postoperative restlessness
Opioids
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10. Anticholinergics
Purpose & Uses
1.Reduces salivary and bronchial
secretions (used in premedication
for anesthesia).
2.Prevents vagal bradycardia and
hypotension during surgery.
3.Prophylaxis of laryngospasm due
to respiratory secretions.
4.Facilitates assisted ventilation by
reducing airway resistance.
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12. Neuroleptics
Examples:
Chlorpromazine (25 mg i.m.),
Trifluoperazine (10 mg i.m.),
Haloperidol (2–4 mg i.m.).
Uses:
Occasionally used in
premedication.
Helps in anxiety reduction and
smooth induction.
Provides antiemetic action
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13. Disadvantages:
*May increase respiratory
depression and hypotension when
combined with anesthetics.
*Can cause involuntary
movements and muscle dystonias
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14. 1.Used before prolonged surgeries,
C-section, and in obese patients.
2.Reduces gastric regurgitation and
prevents aspiration pneumonia.
Examples:
H₂ Blockers: Ranitidine (150 mg),
Famotidine (20 mg).
PPIs: Omeprazole
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H₂ Blockers

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Given night before and in the morning to
1.increase gastric pH.
2.Reduces gastric acid volume, decreasing
reflux chances.
3.Additional Benefit:
4.Prevents stress ulcers.
Advantages

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Purpose:
Reduces postoperative vomiting and aspiration risk.
Examples
1.Metoclopramide (10–20 mg i.m.)
Enhances gastric emptying and LES tone.
Reduces risk of reflux.
2. Ondansetron Selective 5-HT₃ blocker.
Highly effective in reducing post-anesthetic nausea &
vomiting.
Antiemetics

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