Ppt morphology

1. Part Of Speech
and Word
Affirmation
Group 4
1. Khusnul Khatima
2. Fitri Rahayu
3. Annisa Fadila Emilya E.
4. Muhammad Zulkifli

2. Table of
Contents
Definition of
Part Of Speech
Different Parts
Of Speech
With
Examples
Definition and
Example Of
Affixations
Definition and
Example Of
Word
Formation
1 2
3 4

3. A. Definition Of
Part Of Speech
Parts of speech are among the first
grammar topics we learn when we are in
school or when we start our English
language learning process. Parts of
speech can be defined as words that
perform different roles in a sentence.
Some parts of speech can perform the
functions of other parts of speech too.

4. 1. Nouns are words that are used to name people, places, animals, ideas and things. Nouns
can be classified into two main categories: Common nouns and Proper nouns.
2. Pronouns are words that are used to substitute a noun in a sentence. There are different
types of pronouns. Some of them are reflexive pronouns, possessive pronouns, relative
pronouns and indefinite pronouns.
3. Verbs are words that denote an action that is being performed by the noun or the subject in
a sentence. They are also called action words.
4. Adverbs are words that are used to provide more information about verbs, adjectives and
other adverbs used in a sentence. There are five main types of adverbs, namely, adverbs of
manner, adverbs of degree, adverbs of frequency, adverbs of time and adverbs of place
B. Different Parts Of Speech With
Examples

5. 5. Adjectives are words that are used to describe or provide more information about the noun
or the subject in a sentence.
6. Prepositions are words that are used to link one part of the sentence to another.
Prepositions show the position of the object or subject in a sentence.
7. Conjunctions are a part of speech that is used to connect two different parts of a sentence,
phrases and clauses.
8. Interjections are words that are used to convey strong emotions or feelings.

6. C. Definition and
Example Of
Affixations
Affixation is the
morphological process in by
which bound morphemes are
attached to a roots or stems
to mark changes in meaning,
part of speech, or
grammatical relationships.

7. 1. Affixes
An affix is a bound morpheme that attaches to a root or stem to form a new word, or a variant
form of the same word. In English we primarily see 2 types. Prefixes precede the root or stem,
e.g., re-cover, while suffixes follow, e.g., hope-ful. A third type of affix known as a circumfix
occurs in the two words en-ligh-en and em-bold-en, where the prefix en/m– and the suffix –
en/m are attached simultaneously to the root.
2. Prefixes
Prefixes are abundant in English. Some are more commonly used (productive) than
others. As mentioned above, prefixes are only used to derive new meaning or part of speech.
3. Infixes
There is question as to whether the limited usage of infixation in English actually a
morphological process since the word being inserted is not itself an infix, as it is free-standing
and not a bound morpheme. Furthermore, there is no resulting derivation or inflection.

8. 4. Clitics
Clitics are unstressed reduced units of meaning that attached to a limited number of host
words. They generally are not considered a type of affix since they do not meet specific
minimal phonological requirements (which will not be discussed here).
5. Rules of Formation
Although a speaker may generally count on intuition in forming complex words in terms of
which affixes may be attached to which roots, underlying rules of word-formation actually
account for the process.
5. Productivity
Certain affixes are more productive than others, meaning that they can be added to a large
number of words without obstructing meaning. An example of a productive suffix in English
would be –ness which we regularly use to derive nouns from adjectives

9. D. Definition and Example Of
Word Formation
The word formation process or can be
referred to as the Word Formation
Process , is generally known as a
phenomenon that is very close to
human life in the world and it can be
concluded that the word formation
process is a way to compose new
words from existing words based on
several linguistic rules.

10. 1. Affixation
Affixation has several types, such as prefix, suffix, infixes , and circumfixes . For example,
Prefix with the word autocyclic example . In the word ' autocyclic ', the root word is iscylic. It is
affixed because it is added by the prefix auto- . Some other examples are biomethane,
cycloheptane, cyclohexane
2. Borrowing
Borrowing is a way of borrowing words from other languages without changing the words.
The process of borrowing words, for example, is kinara, emoji, naqada, mabuhay, angpow .
The word 'kinara' is borrowed from the Swahili language which means 'candle holder'.
3. Folk etymology Folk etymology is a bit like borrowing . However, the difference is that Folk
etymology arises because of historical stories, where language speakers have different
interpretations of language forms.

11. 4. Compounding
Compounding is combining words into new words.
5. Abbreviation
Furthermore, the new words created by the abbreviation process are CABG, Lw, Rt.
Hon, SCBU,
6. Acronyms
In addition, the new words created by the acronym process are the words Captcha, Osha,
ISA, YOLO
7. Blending
The blending processes found in this finding are cybercast, digipak, irone, chugger,
backronym, brunello
8. Clipping
The new words generated from the clipping process are dom, disco, demo, syst, Scandi, etc
9. Back-Formation
Back-Formation is a bit like clipping. However, Back-Formation can change parts of speech.
While the clipping does not change the part of speech.

12. Conclusion
Based from our discussion materials, we can conclude that
:
Parts of Speech in English means word types or word
classes. It is called parts of speech because the parts of
speech or parts of sentences (remember, basically
sentences in language are sentences that are spoken, not
written), because these words are a system needed to
form a sentence, regardless of what their respective duties
or functions.
There are several types of Parts of speech, namely nouns,
adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, and so on. Each type has a
different meaning and function.

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