1. By
MAINAK MAJUMDER (12103033)
PIYUSH SARANGI (121033045)
Under the guidance of
DR.S.RAJESH
Department of Civil Engineering
IIT KANPUR
PERFORMANCE OF SAND-BENTONITE LINERS ON MSW LANDFILLS

2. Lots of voids…. Impervious…
WHY SAND-BENTONITE LINER??
ONLY SAND SAND+BENTONITE
2
(Chalemyanoat,T.and.& Arrykul,S. ,2005)

3. Non-uniform settlement behaviour..
Hydraulic Conductivity..
Shrinkage characteristics..
3
PARAMETERS THAT MEASURE THE PERFORMANCE ???

4. 4
MECHANISM OF NON-UNIFORM SETTLEMENT BEHAVIOUR OF SB
(VISWANADHAM & TRIPATHI,2006)
INCREASE PERMEABILITY
LOSS INTEGRITY OF LINER
NON-UNIFROM SETTLEMENT
CRACKS
BIODEGRADATION
COLLAPSE OF WASTE BODY

5. PERVIOUSNESS
LEACHATE MIGRATION ,LOSS OF INTEGRITY
BENTONITE CONTENT
SWELLING BEHAVIOR
DESIGN CRITERIA: k<=10-9m/s
5
MECHANISM OF HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY(K) OF SB

6. LOSS OF MOSITURE
SHRINKAGE CRACKS
BENTONITE CONTENT
COMPACTIVE EFFORT
VOLUMETRIC SHRINKAGE <4%
6
MECHANISM OF SHRINKAGE BEHAVIOUR OF SB

7. • CETRIFUGE MODELLING..
7
EXPERIEMENTAL RESULTS OF PERFORMANCE BEHAVIOR
NON-UNIFORM SETTLEMENT BEHAVIOUR
The National Geotechnical Centrifuge
Facility(NCGF)
FEATURES
•Configuration: Beam type
* Platform radius: 4.5m
* Model area: 1.0mx 1.2m (up to 0.66m
height)
0.7 m x 1.2 m (up to 1.2 m height)
* Acceleration range: 10g to 200g
* Payload: 2.5 tons at 100g
* Capacity : 250g-tons
* Run up time to 200g : 6 minutes
* In-flight balancing range: 0 to ? 100kN
* In-flight balancing time: 60 seconds
* Cost-effective cooling system
* Good swing-out at g-level
* Low power consumption

8. 8
TEST RESULTS
VISWANADHAM & TRIPATHI, 2006
)

9. 9
SHRINKAGE CHARAECTERISTICS
20% bentonite & 15% mc
20% bentonite & 18% mc
20% bentonite & 20% mc 20% bentonite & 30% mc
(Y.Y.Tay et al.2001)

10. 10
HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY
(Chalemyanoat,T.and.& Arrykul,S. ,2005)
Rigid –wall permeameter test was carried out.

11. KAOLIN CLAY LINER
DISADVANTAGES:
 Excessive desiccation cracking
 Unavailability of the suitable clay
 Not meeting the all design
criteria.
SAND BENTONITE LINER
ADVANTAGES
 More strain sustaining ability
 Less shrinkage characteristic.
 Imperviousness.
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WHY SAND-BENTONITE INSTEAD OF KAOLIN CLAY LINER?

12. 12
CONCLUSIONS
From the above performance study it can be concluded that if we use sand-
bentonite as a liner material then its behaviour can be greatly enhanced by proper
study of swelling behaviour , hydraulic conductivity and non-uniform settlement.

13. • Tripathi, K.K. and Viswanadham, B.V.S. (2012). “Evaluation of the Permeability Behaviour of
Sand-Bentonite Mixtures Through Laboratory Tests”, Indian Geotechnical Journal, DOI
10.1007/s40098-012-0020-8
• Tripathi, K.K and Viswanadham, B.V.S. (2006), “Non-uniform settlement behaviour of sand-
bentonite liners in a geotechnical centrifuge”. Physical Modelling in Geotechnics Proceedings
of the Sixth International Conference on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, 6th ICPMG
'06, Hong Kong, 4 - 6 August 2006
• Chalermyanont, T, Arrykul. ,”Compacted sand – bentonite mixtures for hydraulic containment
liner”, songklanakarin J.Sci.Technol. 2005, 27(2): 313-323.
• Tay.Y.Y, Stewart. D.I, Cousens.T.W, “Shrinkage and desiccation cracking in bentonite– sand
landfill liner”, Elsevier, Engineering Geology 60(2001), 263 -274
• Amadi Agapitus Ahamefule , Adrian Oshioname Eberemu , “Delineation of compaction
criteria for acceptable hydraulic conductivity of lateritic soil-bentonite mixtures designed as
landfill liners”, Environ Earth Sci (2012) 67:999–1006
13
REFERENECES

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THANKING YOU