The document discusses domestic abuse, defining it as physical or attempted physical harm between household members under South Carolina law. It provides statistics on domestic violence services in South Carolina, noting barriers to addressing abuse like lack of knowledge and time. The victims of domestic violence come from all backgrounds, and it is most commonly perpetrated against women. Children who witness abuse are also severely impacted. Leaving an abusive situation is a process for victims due to factors like fear, low self-esteem, isolation, lack of resources, and promises from the abuser to change. Healthcare providers have an important role in identifying abuse and referring victims to support services.
Domestic violence can take many forms including physical, sexual, psychological, and emotional abuse. It is a pattern of behaviors used by one partner to maintain power and control over the other through fear and intimidation. While women are most often the victims, anyone can experience domestic violence regardless of gender, age, race, sexuality, religion or other identity. Abusers may appear friendly to outsiders but use violence and other tactics behind closed doors to control their victims. There are often myths and misconceptions around the causes of domestic violence, but the only one truly responsible is the abuser themselves.
The document discusses the historical and ongoing issues of violence against Indigenous women in tribal communities, including high rates of sexual assault and the barriers Native women face in accessing justice systems. It also outlines culturally appropriate responses to sexual assault, such as involving traditional healers and addressing jurisdictional complexities, and calls for the development of Indigenous-based sexual assault response teams to better serve Native victims.
Domestic violence is a pattern of assaultive and coercive behaviors used by an intimate partner to gain power and control over the other. It includes physical, sexual, and psychological attacks, as well as economic coercion. Federal and state laws define and punish domestic violence, while providing protections for victims. Signs of domestic violence include injuries, personality changes, fear of conflict, and aggressive behavior in children. The cycle of violence typically involves a tension building phase, an acute battering incident, and a honeymoon phase. Both heterosexual and homosexual relationships can involve domestic violence, though resources for help have traditionally focused more on heterosexual women.
The document discusses issues related to violence against Native American women and teens. It notes that Native American women experience disproportionately high rates of violence and rape compared to other groups. They are over 2 times more likely to be raped and have nearly 50% higher rates of violent crime. The document also notes that at least 70% of violence against Native Americans is committed by non-Native offenders. It goes on to discuss the impact of colonialism and internalized oppression in contributing to high rates of violence today. The document also discusses the epidemic levels of teen dating violence and lack of awareness and resources for teen victims.
The document outlines a presentation by the Peers Advocating Anti-Violence Education (PAAVE) group at UNLV. It defines domestic violence and sexual assault, provides statistics on these issues, and describes the services that PAAVE and partner organizations like ASERTAV provide to the UNLV community, including advocacy, education, and response to violence.
Victoria Ybanez presented to the Kalispel Tribe on July 31 and August 1, 2013 about domestic and sexual violence. The presentation explored how native women experience the highest rates of domestic violence and sexual assault in the US. It defined domestic violence, sexual assault, and stalking. It discussed myths and facts about these issues, barriers victims face in reporting, and the impact on victims. It also outlined the complex systems victims may navigate and emphasized enhancing victim safety.
The document discusses the dynamics of domestic violence and provides information to advocates. It defines domestic violence as a pattern of controlling behavior used to exert power over intimate partners. The summary discusses how (1) domestic violence is purposeful behavior aimed at restricting a victim's independence to control them, (2) abusers believe they are entitled to control victims through threats and intimidation, and (3) the case study of Polly and Roy shows examples of controlling tactics used by Roy to influence Polly's decisions through fear and intimidation.
The document discusses domestic abuse, defining it as physical or attempted physical harm between household members under South Carolina law. It provides statistics on domestic violence services in South Carolina, noting barriers to addressing abuse like lack of knowledge and time. The victims of domestic violence come from all backgrounds, and it is most commonly perpetrated against women. Children who witness abuse are also severely impacted. Leaving an abusive situation is a process for victims due to factors like fear, low self-esteem, isolation, lack of resources, and promises from the abuser to change. Healthcare providers have an important role in identifying abuse and referring victims to support services.
Domestic violence can take many forms including physical, sexual, psychological, and emotional abuse. It is a pattern of behaviors used by one partner to maintain power and control over the other through fear and intimidation. While women are most often the victims, anyone can experience domestic violence regardless of gender, age, race, sexuality, religion or other identity. Abusers may appear friendly to outsiders but use violence and other tactics behind closed doors to control their victims. There are often myths and misconceptions around the causes of domestic violence, but the only one truly responsible is the abuser themselves.
The document discusses the historical and ongoing issues of violence against Indigenous women in tribal communities, including high rates of sexual assault and the barriers Native women face in accessing justice systems. It also outlines culturally appropriate responses to sexual assault, such as involving traditional healers and addressing jurisdictional complexities, and calls for the development of Indigenous-based sexual assault response teams to better serve Native victims.
Domestic violence is a pattern of assaultive and coercive behaviors used by an intimate partner to gain power and control over the other. It includes physical, sexual, and psychological attacks, as well as economic coercion. Federal and state laws define and punish domestic violence, while providing protections for victims. Signs of domestic violence include injuries, personality changes, fear of conflict, and aggressive behavior in children. The cycle of violence typically involves a tension building phase, an acute battering incident, and a honeymoon phase. Both heterosexual and homosexual relationships can involve domestic violence, though resources for help have traditionally focused more on heterosexual women.
The document discusses issues related to violence against Native American women and teens. It notes that Native American women experience disproportionately high rates of violence and rape compared to other groups. They are over 2 times more likely to be raped and have nearly 50% higher rates of violent crime. The document also notes that at least 70% of violence against Native Americans is committed by non-Native offenders. It goes on to discuss the impact of colonialism and internalized oppression in contributing to high rates of violence today. The document also discusses the epidemic levels of teen dating violence and lack of awareness and resources for teen victims.
The document outlines a presentation by the Peers Advocating Anti-Violence Education (PAAVE) group at UNLV. It defines domestic violence and sexual assault, provides statistics on these issues, and describes the services that PAAVE and partner organizations like ASERTAV provide to the UNLV community, including advocacy, education, and response to violence.
Victoria Ybanez presented to the Kalispel Tribe on July 31 and August 1, 2013 about domestic and sexual violence. The presentation explored how native women experience the highest rates of domestic violence and sexual assault in the US. It defined domestic violence, sexual assault, and stalking. It discussed myths and facts about these issues, barriers victims face in reporting, and the impact on victims. It also outlined the complex systems victims may navigate and emphasized enhancing victim safety.
The document discusses the dynamics of domestic violence and provides information to advocates. It defines domestic violence as a pattern of controlling behavior used to exert power over intimate partners. The summary discusses how (1) domestic violence is purposeful behavior aimed at restricting a victim's independence to control them, (2) abusers believe they are entitled to control victims through threats and intimidation, and (3) the case study of Polly and Roy shows examples of controlling tactics used by Roy to influence Polly's decisions through fear and intimidation.
This document discusses domestic violence, providing information on epidemiology, dynamics of abusive relationships, barriers to leaving, screening and treatment recommendations. It notes domestic violence is a widespread but under-recognized problem, crossing all demographics. Relationships involving abuse typically progress through cycles of tension building, violence and a honeymoon phase. Health care providers are encouraged to routinely screen for abuse and create a supportive environment, while avoiding insistence on immediately leaving the relationship and prioritizing safety planning.
The document discusses domestic violence and child abuse. It defines domestic violence as willful intimidation, physical assault, or other abusive behavior by an intimate partner. Child abuse is defined as physical, sexual, or emotional mistreatment of a child. The document outlines various types of abuse, including physical, emotional, sexual, and neglect. It lists common signs of abuse and an abusive relationship. The effects of child abuse and domestic violence on physical, sexual, psychological, and psychiatric health are also described. The conclusion emphasizes the need for protection centers, counseling, education, and community involvement to address these issues.
October is time for raising domestic violence issues within our communities. It is extra special to survivors like me for people to help spread the facts about domestic violence instead of letting rumors fly around.
This document discusses various types of domestic abuse, including emotional, physical, sexual, and economic abuse. It describes the tactics abusers use to gain power and control over their victims, such as dominance, humiliation, isolation, threats, intimidation, denial and blame. It also outlines the cycle of violence abusers follow, from the abuse itself to rationalizing their behavior. Signs of an abusive relationship are provided, including feeling afraid of one's partner and the partner exhibiting belittling, violent or controlling behaviors.
Matilda: A case study of domestic violence and addictionKatie Winrow
Matilda is a mother of 5 who has experienced extensive domestic violence and addiction issues, having an abusive partner who is also her drug dealer. She suffers from depression, anxiety, agoraphobia and low self-esteem as a result of the abuse and struggles with parenting due to these mental health problems and lack of skills. A decision needs to be made about whether to remove her children from her care or provide treatment and support to address the risks while keeping the family together.
Violence Against Women - Raising Awarenessvldzmcjstk5818
Violence against women is a serious global issue, with 1 in 3 women experiencing abuse. Domestic violence is the most common form of violence women face, and includes physical, sexual, and psychological abuse. Victims often experience long-term physical and psychological trauma, such as PTSD. It can be difficult for women to escape abusive situations due to lack of support, resources, and threats from abusers. Communities and organizations can help address this issue by supporting victims and raising awareness.
This document discusses domestic violence and elder abuse. It defines domestic violence as behavior used to control a partner in a relationship. Domestic violence can affect people of all backgrounds. Elder abuse refers to harm committed against an older adult, such as physical, emotional or financial abuse. Only about 1 in 10 cases of elder abuse are reported. The document outlines various agencies that assist victims of domestic violence and elder abuse, such as the Arizona Coalition Against Domestic Violence, Child Protective Services, and Crime Victim Compensation Board.
The document discusses sexual assault, trauma, and resources for victims. It defines sexual assault and related terms like domestic violence and sexual harassment. It provides statistics on sexual assault such as 44% of victims being under 18 and 68% of assaults going unreported. The document recommends calling hotlines for help and lists potential diagnoses like post-traumatic stress disorder. It also discusses continued concerns for victims around STIs, self-harm, and mental health counseling topics. Resources from organizations like RAINN and YWCA are provided.
Domestic Violence for Health Professionals 101georgifisher
This document provides an overview of domestic violence, including definitions, types of abuse (physical, sexual, emotional), populations affected, and barriers to leaving an abusive relationship. It defines domestic violence as a pattern of behaviors used to maintain power and control over an intimate partner. The types of abuse discussed include physical violence, emotional abuse, and sexual assault. Special populations at risk and statistics on abuse among various groups are also presented. Common characteristics of abusers and theories of the cycle and power/control dynamics of domestic violence are reviewed. The summary concludes with a case example highlighting the importance of screening for domestic violence in healthcare settings.
Victim blaming occurs when victims of crimes or accidents are held responsible, in whole or in part, for the crimes committed against them. This blame can come from legal and medical professionals, the media, and friends and family. There are several reasons why people blame victims, including the just world hypothesis where people believe the world is just and people get what they deserve, attribution error where too much blame is placed on personal characteristics rather than situational factors, and invulnerability theory where people blame victims to reassure themselves that the same thing won't happen to them. Victim blaming has negative effects as it discourages crime reporting and causes psychological distress for victims.
The Intersection of Domestic Violence and Substance Abuse- April 2012Dawn Farm
The document discusses the intersection of domestic violence and substance abuse, noting that over 50% of batterers have substance abuse issues. It outlines issues that arise when working with drug and alcohol affected batterers, such as higher denial and manipulation. The document also examines the links between domestic violence and substance abuse and considers how to help survivors achieve both safety and sobriety.
Domestic violence affects many people and takes several forms, including physical, sexual, psychological, emotional and economic abuse. Children who witness domestic violence are also impacted and more likely to experience behavioral, emotional and cognitive problems. Exposure to violence and abuse as a child can also negatively impact adult mental health and relationships. While laws and support vary between states, organizations exist to help victims cope, recover and build healthy relationships free from abuse. Addressing domestic violence requires understanding its complex roots at the individual, family, community and societal levels.
The document provides information on domestic violence including definitions, prevalence, causes, effects, and interventions. It defines domestic violence and family violence under Texas law. It notes that around 1 in 3 women worldwide experience domestic violence in their lifetime. Risk factors include substance abuse, witnessing domestic violence as a child, and separation from an abusive partner. Domestic violence has serious negative effects on victims and children such as physical and psychological harm. Interventions discussed include protective orders, battered women's shelters, and perpetrator treatment programs.
This document discusses violence against women, including rape, sexual assault, intimate partner violence, and the physician's role in management. It defines different forms of sexual violence and provides statistics on incidence. It describes rape trauma syndrome and the acute and reorganization phases. It discusses intimate partner violence, common injury sites, and exit planning. It outlines the physician's responsibilities in caring for victims and collecting forensic evidence. Finally, it discusses violence against women in the Philippine setting and Republic Act No. 9262 which defines and penalizes violence against women and children.
MSUM's 2nd Annual Walk A Mile In Her Shoes® - Rape & Abuse SignsMSUM Dragon Athletics
Walk a Mile in Her Shoes® is a International Men’s March to Stop Rape, Sexual Assault & Gender Violence. This will be the second year the All-American has lead this event. The event is on Sunday, March 25 in the CMU Main Lounge and Ballroom, and all members of the Fargo-Moorhead community are welcomed.
During the walk, women and men together will walk a mile around the campus of MSUM. Men will be given the opportunity to wear high heels to signify putting yourself in her shoes.
Last year’s event was a huge succes and all the Dragon teams had players that participated. Again this year student-athletes will be in attendance for the event, and you really should see a men’s basketball center in six inch heels.
This ppt throws light on all aspects of domestic violence. It also shares a true story about a lady ho is a victim of domestic violence . I have tried to explain about domestic violence highlighting women and children and also suggested ways in which one can help a women who is the victim of domestic violence . I hope this will be helpful to the victims.
However one should know that even boys can be subjected to such violence.
This is one little step i would like to take to stop domestic violence. I hope that someday this violence stops and every lives happily together
The document discusses domestic violence in affluent communities. It notes that domestic violence affects people across all socioeconomic groups, but affluent abusers have more resources at their disposal to control their partners and thwart their escape from abuse. It outlines some of the unique challenges faced by victims of domestic violence from affluent backgrounds, such as social stigma, economic dependence on their abuser, and lack of resources tailored to their needs. The document provides information on safety planning, evidence gathering, counseling, legal, and financial resources that can help victims of domestic violence in affluent communities.
This document discusses domestic violence and summarizes key points from a case scenario and introduction. It describes paramedics finding an unconscious pregnant woman with a head injury who was sent to the hospital alone while her husband stayed behind. It also notes that domestic violence victims can come from all backgrounds and discusses the costs of battering for survivors, batterers, and communities.
Domestic violence assaults can cause traumatic brain injury (TBI) through blows to the head or strangulation, even if there are no obvious physical signs of injury. TBI may result in physical, cognitive, and emotional impairments that can change someone's life. Studies show that blows to the head occur in 50-90% of domestic violence assaults. People who have experienced domestic violence should be screened for TBI symptoms like persistent headaches, confusion, memory problems, or changes in mood.
The effect of domestic abuse for childrenPe Zhi Yong
Domestic abuse has significant negative effects on children. It causes children to feel fearful, anxious, isolated, and vulnerable. It also leads children to feel rage, embarrassment and humiliation. Children who witness domestic abuse are more likely to replicate the violence as teens or adults and have higher risks of mental health and behavioral issues like depression, alcohol/drug abuse, and criminal behavior. Domestic abuse results in children feeling physically, emotionally and psychologically abandoned as their parents are consumed with abuse and control.
This document discusses domestic violence, providing information on epidemiology, dynamics of abusive relationships, barriers to leaving, screening and treatment recommendations. It notes domestic violence is a widespread but under-recognized problem, crossing all demographics. Relationships involving abuse typically progress through cycles of tension building, violence and a honeymoon phase. Health care providers are encouraged to routinely screen for abuse and create a supportive environment, while avoiding insistence on immediately leaving the relationship and prioritizing safety planning.
The document discusses domestic violence and child abuse. It defines domestic violence as willful intimidation, physical assault, or other abusive behavior by an intimate partner. Child abuse is defined as physical, sexual, or emotional mistreatment of a child. The document outlines various types of abuse, including physical, emotional, sexual, and neglect. It lists common signs of abuse and an abusive relationship. The effects of child abuse and domestic violence on physical, sexual, psychological, and psychiatric health are also described. The conclusion emphasizes the need for protection centers, counseling, education, and community involvement to address these issues.
October is time for raising domestic violence issues within our communities. It is extra special to survivors like me for people to help spread the facts about domestic violence instead of letting rumors fly around.
This document discusses various types of domestic abuse, including emotional, physical, sexual, and economic abuse. It describes the tactics abusers use to gain power and control over their victims, such as dominance, humiliation, isolation, threats, intimidation, denial and blame. It also outlines the cycle of violence abusers follow, from the abuse itself to rationalizing their behavior. Signs of an abusive relationship are provided, including feeling afraid of one's partner and the partner exhibiting belittling, violent or controlling behaviors.
Matilda: A case study of domestic violence and addictionKatie Winrow
Matilda is a mother of 5 who has experienced extensive domestic violence and addiction issues, having an abusive partner who is also her drug dealer. She suffers from depression, anxiety, agoraphobia and low self-esteem as a result of the abuse and struggles with parenting due to these mental health problems and lack of skills. A decision needs to be made about whether to remove her children from her care or provide treatment and support to address the risks while keeping the family together.
Violence Against Women - Raising Awarenessvldzmcjstk5818
Violence against women is a serious global issue, with 1 in 3 women experiencing abuse. Domestic violence is the most common form of violence women face, and includes physical, sexual, and psychological abuse. Victims often experience long-term physical and psychological trauma, such as PTSD. It can be difficult for women to escape abusive situations due to lack of support, resources, and threats from abusers. Communities and organizations can help address this issue by supporting victims and raising awareness.
This document discusses domestic violence and elder abuse. It defines domestic violence as behavior used to control a partner in a relationship. Domestic violence can affect people of all backgrounds. Elder abuse refers to harm committed against an older adult, such as physical, emotional or financial abuse. Only about 1 in 10 cases of elder abuse are reported. The document outlines various agencies that assist victims of domestic violence and elder abuse, such as the Arizona Coalition Against Domestic Violence, Child Protective Services, and Crime Victim Compensation Board.
The document discusses sexual assault, trauma, and resources for victims. It defines sexual assault and related terms like domestic violence and sexual harassment. It provides statistics on sexual assault such as 44% of victims being under 18 and 68% of assaults going unreported. The document recommends calling hotlines for help and lists potential diagnoses like post-traumatic stress disorder. It also discusses continued concerns for victims around STIs, self-harm, and mental health counseling topics. Resources from organizations like RAINN and YWCA are provided.
Domestic Violence for Health Professionals 101georgifisher
This document provides an overview of domestic violence, including definitions, types of abuse (physical, sexual, emotional), populations affected, and barriers to leaving an abusive relationship. It defines domestic violence as a pattern of behaviors used to maintain power and control over an intimate partner. The types of abuse discussed include physical violence, emotional abuse, and sexual assault. Special populations at risk and statistics on abuse among various groups are also presented. Common characteristics of abusers and theories of the cycle and power/control dynamics of domestic violence are reviewed. The summary concludes with a case example highlighting the importance of screening for domestic violence in healthcare settings.
Victim blaming occurs when victims of crimes or accidents are held responsible, in whole or in part, for the crimes committed against them. This blame can come from legal and medical professionals, the media, and friends and family. There are several reasons why people blame victims, including the just world hypothesis where people believe the world is just and people get what they deserve, attribution error where too much blame is placed on personal characteristics rather than situational factors, and invulnerability theory where people blame victims to reassure themselves that the same thing won't happen to them. Victim blaming has negative effects as it discourages crime reporting and causes psychological distress for victims.
The Intersection of Domestic Violence and Substance Abuse- April 2012Dawn Farm
The document discusses the intersection of domestic violence and substance abuse, noting that over 50% of batterers have substance abuse issues. It outlines issues that arise when working with drug and alcohol affected batterers, such as higher denial and manipulation. The document also examines the links between domestic violence and substance abuse and considers how to help survivors achieve both safety and sobriety.
Domestic violence affects many people and takes several forms, including physical, sexual, psychological, emotional and economic abuse. Children who witness domestic violence are also impacted and more likely to experience behavioral, emotional and cognitive problems. Exposure to violence and abuse as a child can also negatively impact adult mental health and relationships. While laws and support vary between states, organizations exist to help victims cope, recover and build healthy relationships free from abuse. Addressing domestic violence requires understanding its complex roots at the individual, family, community and societal levels.
The document provides information on domestic violence including definitions, prevalence, causes, effects, and interventions. It defines domestic violence and family violence under Texas law. It notes that around 1 in 3 women worldwide experience domestic violence in their lifetime. Risk factors include substance abuse, witnessing domestic violence as a child, and separation from an abusive partner. Domestic violence has serious negative effects on victims and children such as physical and psychological harm. Interventions discussed include protective orders, battered women's shelters, and perpetrator treatment programs.
This document discusses violence against women, including rape, sexual assault, intimate partner violence, and the physician's role in management. It defines different forms of sexual violence and provides statistics on incidence. It describes rape trauma syndrome and the acute and reorganization phases. It discusses intimate partner violence, common injury sites, and exit planning. It outlines the physician's responsibilities in caring for victims and collecting forensic evidence. Finally, it discusses violence against women in the Philippine setting and Republic Act No. 9262 which defines and penalizes violence against women and children.
MSUM's 2nd Annual Walk A Mile In Her Shoes® - Rape & Abuse SignsMSUM Dragon Athletics
Walk a Mile in Her Shoes® is a International Men’s March to Stop Rape, Sexual Assault & Gender Violence. This will be the second year the All-American has lead this event. The event is on Sunday, March 25 in the CMU Main Lounge and Ballroom, and all members of the Fargo-Moorhead community are welcomed.
During the walk, women and men together will walk a mile around the campus of MSUM. Men will be given the opportunity to wear high heels to signify putting yourself in her shoes.
Last year’s event was a huge succes and all the Dragon teams had players that participated. Again this year student-athletes will be in attendance for the event, and you really should see a men’s basketball center in six inch heels.
This ppt throws light on all aspects of domestic violence. It also shares a true story about a lady ho is a victim of domestic violence . I have tried to explain about domestic violence highlighting women and children and also suggested ways in which one can help a women who is the victim of domestic violence . I hope this will be helpful to the victims.
However one should know that even boys can be subjected to such violence.
This is one little step i would like to take to stop domestic violence. I hope that someday this violence stops and every lives happily together
The document discusses domestic violence in affluent communities. It notes that domestic violence affects people across all socioeconomic groups, but affluent abusers have more resources at their disposal to control their partners and thwart their escape from abuse. It outlines some of the unique challenges faced by victims of domestic violence from affluent backgrounds, such as social stigma, economic dependence on their abuser, and lack of resources tailored to their needs. The document provides information on safety planning, evidence gathering, counseling, legal, and financial resources that can help victims of domestic violence in affluent communities.
This document discusses domestic violence and summarizes key points from a case scenario and introduction. It describes paramedics finding an unconscious pregnant woman with a head injury who was sent to the hospital alone while her husband stayed behind. It also notes that domestic violence victims can come from all backgrounds and discusses the costs of battering for survivors, batterers, and communities.
Domestic violence assaults can cause traumatic brain injury (TBI) through blows to the head or strangulation, even if there are no obvious physical signs of injury. TBI may result in physical, cognitive, and emotional impairments that can change someone's life. Studies show that blows to the head occur in 50-90% of domestic violence assaults. People who have experienced domestic violence should be screened for TBI symptoms like persistent headaches, confusion, memory problems, or changes in mood.
The effect of domestic abuse for childrenPe Zhi Yong
Domestic abuse has significant negative effects on children. It causes children to feel fearful, anxious, isolated, and vulnerable. It also leads children to feel rage, embarrassment and humiliation. Children who witness domestic abuse are more likely to replicate the violence as teens or adults and have higher risks of mental health and behavioral issues like depression, alcohol/drug abuse, and criminal behavior. Domestic abuse results in children feeling physically, emotionally and psychologically abandoned as their parents are consumed with abuse and control.
The document defines domestic violence from legal, social, and health perspectives.
Legally, domestic violence refers to assault or battery against a family or household member. Socially and in health fields, intimate partner violence is defined as physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current or former romantic partner, which can occur in same-sex or opposite-sex relationships.
The document also categorizes different types of domestic violence such as family violence, intimate partner violence, dating violence, child abuse, elder abuse, and vulnerable adult abuse. It describes the main types of intimate partner violence as physical, sexual, threats, and psychological/emotional.
The document discusses domestic violence and the need for dental education on the topic. It notes that while healthcare professionals are mandated to report child and elder abuse, domestic violence reporting is not required in most states. The document then aims to assess dental students' beliefs before and after receiving domestic violence education, with the hypothesis that education will increase awareness of issues and encourage students to help potential victims. It outlines the topics to be covered, survey methods, and expected outcomes of increased identification and assistance for abuse victims.
Domestic violence occurs when a family member, partner or ex-partner attempts to physically or psychologically dominate another. It can include physical violence, sexual violence, psychological abuse, economic abuse, stalking and spiritual abuse. Domestic violence affects both men and women in both opposite-sex and same-sex relationships and occurs across all cultures, races, ethnicities, religions and classes. Leaving an abusive situation can be dangerous, so safety planning and seeking help from domestic violence counselors is important.
Domestic violence is behavior that seeks to dominate a relationship through physical, sexual, or psychological means such as verbal abuse, threats, isolation, destruction of property, or animal cruelty. Warning signs include frequent unexplained injuries, absences from work or school, harassing phone calls, withdrawal, isolation, low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts or actions. Domestic violence can lead to long-term health consequences like depression, eating disorders, substance abuse, and relationship or self-esteem issues.
The document discusses different types of violence including physical, sexual, family, intimate partner, stalking, community, institutional, workplace, and terrorism. It defines key terms like assault, abuse, and rape. It examines contributing factors such as poverty, substance abuse, access to firearms, and psychological problems. Risk factors discussed include family disruption, criminal parents, social isolation, and availability of weapons and drugs. Prevention strategies involve improved lighting, neighborhood watches, self defense, and avoiding risky situations.
The study examined how bystander and victim gender influence helping behavior in domestic violence situations. It found that while both men and women believed the male victim did not deserve to be harmed, they were generally unwilling to directly intervene. However, women were marginally more likely than men to indirectly intervene by getting help. Participants were also marginally more likely to indirectly intervene when witnessing physical rather than verbal domestic violence. The study suggests education is needed to help people recognize that verbal abuse is still domestic violence and to overcome the bystander effect.
This document discusses children witnessing domestic abuse, including several related myths and facts. It notes that young children are often exposed to witnessing violence, especially involving family members. Children do not easily forget traumatic events they witness. The document also discusses the prevalence of children witnessing domestic abuse locally and globally, signs and symptoms children may exhibit, the impact of witnessing abuse, causal factors, and strategies for prevention.
This document provides an overview of domestic violence in later life. It begins by outlining the objectives and definitions. It then discusses the distinction between intentional and unintentional abuse, focusing on intentional abuse. It describes the dynamics of elder abuse, including how family relationships and isolation can play a role. It outlines the most common types of abuse older adults face, including physical, sexual, emotional/psychological, and financial abuse. Finally, it discusses the consequences of elder abuse and who is most at risk and affected.
This document discusses concepts related to thinking, language, and intelligence. It covers topics such as cognition, concepts, problem solving strategies, insight, intuition, mental sets, decision making heuristics, language, animal communication, theories of intelligence, nature vs nurture influences on IQ, and creativity. Key definitions and examples are provided for many of these topics.
2009 Fairfax County Youth Survey: Teen Dating Abuse and the Impact of Witness...Fairfax County
The 2009 Fairfax County Youth Survey gathered data from over 42,000 middle and high school students on topics like substance abuse, mental health, bullying, and teen dating violence. The survey found that 25% of teens reported experiencing some form of dating abuse, and rates were higher among LGBTQ youth and those who witnessed domestic violence at home. Witnessing domestic violence was also linked to increased risks for violence, dating abuse, mental and physical health issues, risky sexual behaviors, and poor school performance. The survey provides baseline data on emotional, sexual, and physical teen dating abuse to understand these issues in Fairfax County.
The document discusses the prevalence and types of family violence including intimate partner violence, child abuse, and sexual assault. It provides statistics on the high rates of violence against women and children, the cycle of violence, and effects on victims. Recommendations are given for nurses to properly assess, diagnose, and intervene in situations of family violence.
Witnessing domestic violence is common, with over half of children under 12 living in households where their mother experiences intimate partner violence. Exposure to violence can negatively impact children's development, increasing risks of health and behavioral issues. Studies found that 46.7% of low-income preschoolers witnessed violence, suffering post-traumatic stress, while 3.3-10 million children witness domestic violence annually. Children exposed to intimate partner violence were 1.6 times more likely to display externalizing behaviors and have total behavioral problems in the borderline-clinical range. As educators and members of society, we must support victims of domestic violence.
Children who witness domestic violence suffer emotional and behavioral effects, according to this document. They may experience issues like low self-esteem, social withdrawal, depression, anxiety, anger, and confusion. Witnessing violence can disrupt children's eating, sleeping, and emotional/social behaviors. The impacts are greater with longer exposure to violence. Young children may show excessive irritability or regression. Teenagers risk isolation, relationship issues, and involvement in violent relationships. The document provides tips for caregivers to help children cope, like teaching conflict resolution, safety skills, and positive expression of emotions.
This document discusses what makes serial killers tick by examining common traits and theories about their origins and behaviors. It notes that serial killers often experienced childhood abuse, head injuries, adoption or witnessed violence as kids. Genetics and brain defects may also play a role in reducing empathy and fear. While some claim nature or nurture is to blame, the document suggests it is a complex interplay of biological and environmental factors that shape serial killers.
Children and Domestic Violence: Responding to Complex TraumaJane Gilgun
Children exposed to domestic violence rarely have one adversity in their lives. There are many other trauma associated with domestic violence. This powerpoint covers the following topics: complex trauma, neurobiology of trauma, attachment, resilience, self-regulation, and the common factors model. Two case studies show how these ideas work in practice.
Domestic Violence and Children in a Multi-Cultural ContextGary Direnfeld
This presentation discusses the impact of domestic violence on children from different ages and stages of development. Witnessing or experiencing domestic violence can negatively impact children's physical, emotional and mental health. Effects may include physical injury, psychological trauma, sleep and eating issues, poor school performance, low self-esteem, and learning that violence is a normal way to resolve conflicts. Cultural factors may also influence domestic violence situations and how children are affected. The presenter aims to help resolve children's distress from witnessing violence by teaching conflict resolution skills and showing that violence is unacceptable.
Children exposed to domestic violence can experience psychological effects like anxiety disorders, PTSD, loss of interest in school, substance abuse, and delinquency. They may also have difficulty forming healthy relationships and exhibit self-blame. Witnessing domestic violence can cause increased sensitivity to anger as well as sadness, fear, and stress responses. Exposure to violence and trauma can neurologically impact brain development and potentially lead to the development of abusive personalities. Some states are now considering child exposure to domestic violence a separate criminal charge. Further research is needed using broader definitions of violence and examining health and medical consequences.
HEATHER HAYES AND HOLLY RYAN - HIDING IN PLAIN SIGHT: WORKING WITH VICTIMS OF...iCAADEvents
The International Labour Organization estimates that there are 20.9 million victims of human tra cking globally. Every country in the world is impacted by human tra cking and communities across the globe are changed forever as humans are sold into slavery, sexually exploited, and die in captivity. This 21st century slave trade feeds a global demand for cheap and vulnerable labour. In fact, the United Nations estimates that this multi- billion dollar industry is the third largest source of revenue for organized crime. Victims of tra cking often endure brutal conditions that results in physical, emotional, and psychological trauma. Victims are isolated from friends and family, subdued with drugs, and forced to live and work in unsanitary conditions. This presentation will provide clinicians with the knowledge on tra cking and give specifc tools that can be used to identify, intervene upon, and treat victims and survivors.
Domestic violence is a pattern of coercive behavior used by one person against family or household members to gain power and control over the other party. It can cause physical and psychological harm to victims, especially women and children. Common causes include illiteracy, economic hardship, stress, and the desire to control one's partner. To eradicate domestic violence, communities must educate themselves on the signs, change attitudes, follow religious teachings of respect, and implement strict laws and consequences.
This document discusses various forms of violence and abuse against women including physical, sexual, verbal/emotional, and societal oppression. It explores the causes and tactics of abuse, how it disproportionately impacts women of color and marginalized groups, and the long-term psychological and social impacts. It provides information on actions women can take to protect themselves, get medical and legal help, and strategies for ending violence against women.
This document discusses domestic violence, defining it as a pattern of abusive behavior used to gain power and control over an intimate partner. It can include physical, sexual, emotional, economic or psychological abuse. The document provides statistics on domestic violence victims in the US and California. It outlines the various types of abuse and discusses the health, economic, cultural and psychosocial impacts of domestic violence. It also discusses the role of public health nurses in addressing domestic violence through prevention, screening, assessment and referrals to local resources and agencies.
This document discusses a student organization event about domestic violence and sexual assault. It includes an anonymous survey about experiences with these issues, definitions of terms like sexual assault and domestic violence, shocking statistics, discussions on myths and challenges faced by male victims, and examples from an internship working with victims. It concludes by providing suggestions for how to support victims, such as listening without judgment, encouraging counseling, using good judgment in relationships, and educating others.
This document discusses domestic violence and provides statistics. It defines both criminal and non-criminal domestic violence behaviors. It notes that every day, 4 women, 1 man, and almost 5 children die from domestic violence. Children who witness domestic violence are physically abused at a rate 1500% higher than average. The document outlines consequences for victims of domestic violence and provides encouragement for victims to leave dangerous situations and begin living freely without abuse.
Violence against women is a serious issue that affects millions of women in the US and worldwide. It takes many forms, from domestic violence and intimate partner abuse to sexual assault and rape. Women from marginalized groups are especially at high risk. The psychological and physical impacts of such violence can be long-lasting and even life-threatening without intervention and support for victims. Addressing the root causes and societal acceptance of violence against women is crucial to ending this widespread human rights violation.
The document summarizes characteristics of different types of sex offenders, including child molesters, rapists, and sadistic offenders. It discusses four main categories that sex offenders may fall into: 1) those with a deviant arousal pattern who are sexually attracted to children, 2) those with antisocial motivations who want sex and violate rights, 3) those who feel loneliness and relate better to children than adults, and 4) sadists who are sexually aroused by pain and suffering. Research findings are presented on characteristics like childhood abuse history, thinking errors, levels of violence, and physiological responses during aggression.
Here are some common reasons why women may stay in abusive intimate relationships:
- Fear of retaliation or escalation of violence if she leaves
- Economic dependence on the abuser
- Low self-esteem from the abuse and belief that she deserves the treatment
- Hope that the abuser will change or that the abuse will stop
- Love and emotional attachment for the abuser
- Pressure from family or community to stay in the relationship
- Threats and intimidation by the abuser to isolate her from support systems
- Belief that the abuse is her fault or she can fix the abuser
- Cultural or religious beliefs that discourage divorce or separation
Violence against transgender individuals is severely underreported due to a lack of legal protections and data collection. Transgender people experience disproportionately high rates of physical and sexual assault, domestic violence, harassment, and murder. The psychological effects of this violence include suicidal ideation, PTSD, and depression. Transgender people of color and those engaging in sex work are especially vulnerable. Collecting data on violence is important to justify hate crime legislation but the lack of protections prevents data collection, creating a catch-22 situation.
Best practices sexual assault and domestic violence.1.15.15Lydia Diaz
This document provides information and guidance on assisting victims of sexual assault. It discusses statistics on sexual assault, defining concepts like rape culture and the impact of sexual assault. It offers best practices for counseling victims, including believing them, validating their feelings, allowing silence, exploring options without pressure, and avoiding victim-blaming. Finally, it lists local resources for crisis counseling, shelters, legal advocacy, mental health services and free forensic medical exams.
Date and Acquaintance Rape - as given (4.19.2014)William Harryman
A presentation on the statistics of date and acquaintance rape and sexual assault. Included information on how bystanders can intervene and a prevention model that focuses on men. (This is shorter version cut back to fit time constraints.)
The document discusses bystander intervention for domestic abuse. It defines domestic abuse and honor-based violence, including types like female genital mutilation and forced marriage. There are 4 stages necessary for intervention: notice the event, interpret it as a problem, feel responsible to act, and have the skills to act. Signs of abuse can be subtle, like controlling behavior, or overt physical violence. Victims may feel stigma, shame, or fear bringing further abuse. Leaving an abusive relationship can be very difficult for practical, emotional, and safety reasons. Bystanders should intervene safely if they suspect domestic abuse and never pressure victims on decisions.
Here are some common reasons why women may stay in abusive intimate relationships:
- Fear of retaliation or escalation of violence if she leaves
- Economic dependence on the abuser
- Low self-esteem from the abuse and belief that she deserves the treatment
- Hope that the abuser will change or that the abuse will stop
- Love and emotional attachment for the abuser
- Pressure from family or community to stay in the relationship
- Threats and intimidation by the abuser to isolate her from support systems
- Belief that the abuse is her fault or she can fix the abuser
- Cultural or religious beliefs that discourage divorce or separation
Here are some common reasons why women may stay in abusive intimate relationships:
- Fear of retaliation or escalation of violence if she leaves
- Economic dependence on the abuser
- Low self-esteem from the abuse and belief she deserves the treatment
- Hope or belief that the abuser will change his behavior
- Pressure from family or community to stay in the relationship
- Love and emotional attachment for the abuser, despite the abuse
- Cultural or religious beliefs that discourage divorce or separation
- Threats or actions by the abuser to harm children or other family members
- Isolation from social support systems by the abuser
- Lack of safe housing or shelter options if she leaves
The document discusses various statistics and issues related to domestic violence against women. It notes that almost 1 in 4 women experience some form of domestic abuse. On average, more than 3 women are murdered daily by their male partner in the US. Intimate partner violence accounted for over 30% of women murdered in 2000. The document also examines how dominance and control play a role in domestic violence for some men. Immigrant women and those with language barriers may be less likely to report abuse due to fear of deportation. The long-term impacts of domestic violence on victims are also outlined.
Addiction and Suicide Prevention - December 2012 Dawn Farm
“Addiction and Suicide Prevention” was presented on Tuesday December 18, 2012; by Raymond Dalton, MA; Dawn Farm therapist. There is an alarmingly high prevalence of suicide among people with addiction and people in early recovery. This program will raise awareness of the signs of suicidal thinking and describe ways to offer support and obtain help for people who may be contemplating suicide. Viewers will learn how to recognize suicidal thinking, reach out and offer support to others contemplating suicide, obtain help when suicidal thoughts are present, and access local and national suicide prevention and intervention resources. This program is part of the Dawn Farm Education Series, a FREE, annual workshop series developed to provide accurate, helpful, hopeful, practical, current information about chemical dependency, recovery, family and related issues. The Education Series is organized by Dawn Farm, a non-profit community of programs providing a continuum of chemical dependency services. For information, please see http://www.dawnfarm.org/programs/education-series.
The document provides information about P.A.A.V.E., the Peers Advocating for Anti-Violence Education program at Jean Nidetch Women's Center. It discusses their 18-hour training on domestic violence and sexual assault. It then covers topics like rape culture, sexual assault, domestic violence and provides definitions. It discusses analyzing media and its influence. Statistics on sexual assault and domestic violence are also presented.
3. Definition of Domestic ViolenceDefinition of Domestic Violence
The use of physical, sexual, economic,
and/or emotional abuse by one person in an
intimate relationship in order to establish
and maintain power and control over the
other person
5. THE VICTIMSTHE VICTIMS
• Domestic violence happens between people
who are dating, married, separated, and
divorced.
• It occurs in heterosexual as well as in gay
and lesbian relationships and in adolescent
dating relationships.
6. Who are theWho are the
VICTIMS?VICTIMS?
Victims cross all socio-economic,
religious, racial, ethnic, age groups
7. THE VICTIMSTHE VICTIMS
Stacy Allison
First American woman to summit
Mount Everest
“When people meet me, and find out
that I’ve been in an abusive
relationship…
they just can’t believe it.”
“Looking at me, with all the things
I’ve done in my life..
They think, how could I have been in
a relationship like that?”
8. THE VICTIMSTHE VICTIMS
• Women represent 95% of adult victims *
• Between 1 and 4 million women abused per year
• Lifetime risk for women is about 20 – 30%
• *Why might this figure be inaccurate?
10. THE VICTIMSTHE VICTIMS
Research suggests DV results in more injuries to
women requiring medical treatment than rape,
auto accidents and muggings. (US Senate
Judiciary Committee, 1992; Stark & Flitcraft,
1988)
12. Why don’t they just leave?Why don’t they just leave?
FEAR
LOW SELF ESTEEM
ISOLATION
LACK OF RESOURCES
PROMISES TO CHANGE
13. “Everyone seems to think that what you
need to do is to just leave the relationship
and then everything will be fine.”
That’s the myth. The reality is that the
violence escalates if you try to get away.
“I knew that not only did I have to leave, I
had to DISAPPEAR.”
FEARFEAR
14. FEAR SEPARATION VIOLENCEFEAR SEPARATION VIOLENCE
• 73% of battered women seek emergency medical services after
separation (Stark, 1981)
• Up to 75% of domestic assaults reported to police are made after
separation (US Dept. of Justice, 1995)
• Women are most likely to be killed when attempting to report abuse
or leave the abuser (Sonkin, 1985)
• Approximately one-half of males who kill their wives, do so after
separation (Hart, 1992)
15. “I thought that I was worthless, that I
couldn’t do anything right.”
I thought I was ugly, just a horrible
individual … no one would ever love
me and I myself was incapable of
love.”
LOW SELF ESTEEM:LOW SELF ESTEEM:
Cause orCause or
Consequence?Consequence?
Stacy
First American Woman to
summit Mount Everest
16. LEAVING IS A PROCESSLEAVING IS A PROCESS
“I think I left 12 times before I finally stayed gone.
When I look back on it now, I realize I was practicing. It was a process…
it took time, I had to learn how to leave and I had to learn how to stay gone.”
17. Promises to ChangePromises to Change
“I don’t really know why
I kept going back...
He begged me to, swore
he’d never do it again.”
“And, I wanted to hear it.
I was overweight, I felt
unloved…”
18. “After years of violence, I was completely
bewildered. I didn’t know how to get away!”
There has to be a place to go to, its not just a
matter of leaving from someone. And, for many
victims of domestic violence that place either
doesn’t exist or they don’t know that it exists.
LACK OF RESOURCESLACK OF RESOURCES
19. Leaving is a ProcessLeaving is a Process
• Safety Issues
• Threats of Retaliation
• Fear of Talking about Abuse to Others
• Breaking Isolation
• Access to Resources
• Survival Strategies
• Batterer Accountability
20. Leaving Is a ProcessLeaving Is a Process
• SURVIVORS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DO
LEAVE!
– They leave when they are ready
– They leave when it is safe to do so
– We can support their process by providing an institutional
response affirming battered women and their decision
making ability
22. THE DYNAMICS OFTHE DYNAMICS OF
DOMESTIC VIOLENCEDOMESTIC VIOLENCE
• A pattern of assaultive and
coercive behavior
• Physical
• Sexual
• Psychological
threats
intimidation
emotional abuse
isolation
• Economic
23. DYNAMICS OFDYNAMICS OF
DOMESTIC VIOLENCEDOMESTIC VIOLENCE
“Either dinner wasn’t exactly what he
wanted,
the house wasn’t immaculate,
I didn’t look presentable enough…
any excuse at all, really…
and it was always my fault.”
“ It was very debilitating,
I ended up walking on eggshells.
I began questioning my own competence
to do anything.”
24. THE DYNAMICS OFTHE DYNAMICS OF
DOMESTIC VIOLENCEDOMESTIC VIOLENCE
• “It started out slowly. At first he just wanted to know
where I was going all the time. Then he wanted to tell
me where I was going all the time. By the end, I
wasn’t allowed to go anywhere.”
• “If I went out with my girlfriends, I knew I would
come back to find the house trashed… he would
always break something he knew I really cared
about.”
25.
26.
27. Who are theWho are the
BATTERERS?BATTERERS?
Batterers cross all socio-economic,Batterers cross all socio-economic,
religious, racial, ethnic, age groupsreligious, racial, ethnic, age groups
28. Characteristics of
Batterers
Sense of Entitlement
Controlling
Manipulative
Frequently Charming
Uninvolved parent
Show contempt for others
Extreme Jealousy
29. THE BATTERERSTHE BATTERERS
• DV Is Learned Behavior by Batterers
• DV Is NOT Caused By:
– Illness
– Genetics or gender
– Alcohol or other drugs
– Anger
– Stress
– Victim’s behavior
– Relationship problems
30. The BatterersThe Batterers
• One study done with men who wanted to avoid
prison did find 2 types of batterers:
• Pit bulls
• Snakes
31. What Makes Batterers So Powerful?What Makes Batterers So Powerful?
• Isolation of victim
• Societal Denial
• Use of Religious Issues
• Use of Cultural Issues
• Threats of Retaliation
32. THE CHILDRENTHE CHILDREN
Perpetrators of domestic violence traumatize children
(1) Physical injuries
- intentional
- unintentional
(2) Psychological injuries
- witnessing violence
33. THE CHILDRENTHE CHILDREN
Effect on Children:
• In 85% of police calls for domestic violence, children
had witnessed the violence
• Witnessing parental violence is a risk factor for:
Males- to physically abuse
Females- to become victims of abuse
34.
35. DOMESTIC VIOLENCEDOMESTIC VIOLENCE
and the Emergency Departmentand the Emergency Department
• 30% of all female trauma patients
• 22-35% of all females presenting to the
Emergency Department
• most are repeat ER patients
20% 11 or more abuse related visits
23% 6-10 abuse related visits
36. DOMESTIC VIOLENCEDOMESTIC VIOLENCE
SEQUELAESEQUELAE
In the 12 month period following violence:
– Victims use health care services twice as
often as non-victims
– Healthcare costs were 2.5 times higher for victims
Victimization was the single best predictor of total
yearly physician visits and of outpatient health
care costs
37. FAILURE TO DIAGNOSEFAILURE TO DIAGNOSE
DOMESTIC VIOLENCEDOMESTIC VIOLENCE
• Inappropriate treatment
• Increase victim’s sense of helplessness and
entrapment
• Lost opportunity to refer to appropriate
community resources
• Increase danger to the patient
38. REFER - Intervention With aREFER - Intervention With a
VictimVictim
• Be aware, materials and referrals you provide a
victim may place her in danger
• Make a follow-up appointment
39. LawsLaws
Rule of thumb
Family vs. criminal court (1962, NY)
Suffolk County has a mandatory arrest law:
pros and cons?
VAWA (1994)
Slides and Notes Pages were developed by:
Patricia J. Bland, M.A. CCDC, Trainer, Providence Health System Family Violence Program at Medalia HealthCare
Leigh Nachman Hofheimer, M.A., Education Coordinator, Washington State Coalition Against Domestic Violence
Ramoncita Maestas, M.D., Faculty Family Physician at the Providence Family Practice Residency Program and Clinical Associate Professor, U.W. School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine
Roy G. Farrell, M.D., Chair, Violence Prevention Committee, Washington State Medical Association; Immediate Past President, Washington Physicians for Social Responsibility.
Kristine Stewart, MSW, ACSW, Perinatal Social Worker, Swedish Medical Center Division of Perinatal Medicine
Note: This program may be freely used, copied and distributed as long as this cover page is included. Significant portions of slides & notes originally adapted from the publication entitled, “Improving the Health Care System’s Response to Domestic Violence: A resource Manual for Health Care Providers,” produced by the Family Violence Prevention Fund in collaboration with the Pennsylvania Coalition Against Domestic Violence. Written by Carole Warshaw, M.D. and Anne L. Ganley, Ph.D, with contributions by Patricia R. Salber M.D. Other sources cited also. Special thanks to the following for technical assistance: Mary Pontarolo, Executive Director, Washington State Coalition Against Domestic Violence; Lois Loontjens, Executive Director, New Beginnings for Battered Women and their Children; Ann Forbes, Director, Alcohol Drug Help Line; Margaret Hobart, Program Manager, Domestic Violence Fatality Review; Marian Hilfrink, Program Coordinator; Pamela Rhoads, Program Assistant; Kara Laverde, former Coordinator; Providence Health System Family Violence Program - Linda Klein, Washington State Hospital Association and Linda Chamberlain, Ph.D., Director, Alaska Family Violence Prevention Project, DHSS, Public Health, Section of Maternal, Child &Family Health.
Domestic violence is about power and control. It is about one person in an intimate relationship, exerting power and control over a partner. Domestic violence perpetrators are clearly definable primary aggressors who intentionally use any tactic necessary to exert power and control in their intimate relationships. Domestic violence is not a single incident of abuse. Rather, it is a repeated pattern of unpredictable abusive behavior. Attempts by a victim to resist this pattern of abuse generally result in retaliation by the batterer. Without intervention, the violence may increase in intensity (it gets more severe), and in frequency (it happens more often).
Some Key Elements of Domestic Violence (Ganley, 1995):
a pattern of assaultive and coercive behaviors that includes psychological attacks as well as economic coercion.
a pattern of behaviors including a variety of tactics, some physically injurious and some not, some criminal and some not, carried out in multiple, sometimes daily episodes.
a pattern of purposeful behavior, directed at achieving compliance from or control over the victim.
a combination of physical attacks, terrorizing acts and controlling tactics used by perpetrators that result in fear as well as physical and psychological harm to victims and their children.1(pp. 16).
Reference
1. Ganley, A. (1995). Understanding Domestic Violence. In
Improving the Health Care Response to Domestic Violence: A Resource Manual for Health Care Providers,
produced by The Family Violence Prevention Fund in
collaboration with the PCADV.
Adolescent dating violence is frequently over-looked; however, girls as young as 12 are often found in violent relationships. By the age of 20, one-third of all young women will experience dating violence (Metropolitan King County Council, 1996). 1
Domestic violence occurs in a relationship where the perpetrator and victim are known to each other. The relationship may be of short or long duration. The partners or former partners may or may not have children together. The intimate context of the violence is important to understanding the nature of the problem and in developing effective interventions.
DV victims experience trauma similar to that of victims of stranger violence. Unfortunately, the intimate context often leads others to negate the seriousness of the violence. DV occurs in an unpredictable pattern that is recognizable when power and control dynamics are understood.
Abusive partners have on-going access to victims, know daily routines, vulnerabilities, etc. and can continue to have considerable control over their partners’ lives. Family ties, social sanctions and other social barriers complicate the situation and create additional barriers to strategies for self-protection. (Ganley,1995). 2
References
1. Metropolitan King County Council (1996). Domestic and dating violence: An information handbook (pp.12). Seattle, WA.
2. See Ganley, A. Understanding DV (pp. 17-18) on earlier
notes page for full citation.
Though not meant to detract from those cases where the victim is male, the majority of domestic violence victims are female. “The U.S. Dept. of Justice estimates that 95% of reported assaults on spouses or ex-spouses are committed by men against women (Douglas, 1991) There are no prevalence figures for domestic violence in gay and lesbian relationships, but experts (Lobel, 1986; Renzetti, 1992; Letelier, 1994) indicate that DV is a significant problem in same-sex relationships as well,” (Family Violence Prevention Fund, 1995). 1
The invisibility of violent behaviors directed towards intimate partners tends to be greatest for victims on either end of the economic continuum. Both very poor and very wealthy women are victims of domestic violence. Women on public assistance responding to Washington State PRAMS survey questions were 5 times more likely to report injury from a husband or partner. 2 All women, regardless of their socio-economic status must be routinely screened for domestic violence in the health care setting.
References - ( Slide)
1. This figure comes from FBI Statistics, which are probably conservative estimates.
2. Schulman, M.A., A Survey of Spousal Violence Against Women in Kentucky. Washington, DC: US. Government Printing Office, 1979.
References - (Notes page)
1. Ganley, A. Understanding Domestic Violence, pp. 17. ( See
earlier notes page for full citation).
2. PRAMS (Pregnancy Risk Monitoring System) = population based surveillance system using birth certificates to help survey new moms representative of all registered births to WA State residents collected by WA State DOH since 1993.
It is important to realize that we are not talking about ‘us’ and ‘them.’ Domestic violence touches us all.
Whenever training on DV in a health care setting it is important to acknowledge the many staff and providers present who may have experienced DV themselves, or have known a friend, family member or co-worker who has.
Domestic Violence training can be difficult or upsetting for some individuals. Old memories can be triggered as well as current concerns about one’s own (or a friend’s co-worker’s, neighbor’s or relative’s) relationship. Be sure to include Employee Assistance Program (EAP) participation when training, either on-site or as a resource, whenever possible. Handouts should always include local DV program resources for staff as well as for the patients they serve.
Like many other public health problems, domestic violence is frequently chronic, often progressive and can be lethal. Staff we are training may currently be involved in an abusive relationship and have not known where to turn. Establishing a relationship with your local DV victims service providers empowers both patients and providers.
Reference
1. Stark, E. & Flitcraft, A., Violence Among Intimates: An Epidemiological Review, in Haslett et al. [eds.}, Handbook of Family Violence, 1987.
The greatest consequence battered women face when leaving an abusive relationship is death. Again, health care providers are not responsible for ‘curing’ DV. Leaving an abusive relationship is a process and on any given day, a provider may meet a victim at the beginning, middle or end of the process.
It is important to define success not as, ‘Getting her to leave,’ or making decisions for a battered woman; but as breaking the isolation and giving the message, ‘You are not alone.’
Battered women understand the complex constraints their abuser forces upon them. They recognize the unique features of their abusive relationships as well as the dangers that exist.
Women experiencing DV benefit most from supportive statements such as: “This must be very hard for you. Anyone could find themselves in this situation. I’m sure when you met your partner neither you nor anyone else could have guessed this would happen. It must be painful when someone you love can be frightening. It’s not your fault. What can I do to support you today?”
Providing a referral to local DV shelter or community advocacy programs is the single best step you can take in addition to providing any needed medical treatment. Advocates are your allies and experts at safety planning which is a complicated and lengthy process.
Remember, most battered women do not routinely self-identify as victims. Many will never consider shelter as an option. However, they may be comfortable talking to someone. Many battered women say they want the violence to stop rather than their relationships to end.
When making a referral, don’t stress ending the relationship -- stress getting safe. Advise patients to call their local DV advocate to talk about their relationships and to safety plan.
References - Statistics on Separation Violence provided by WSCADV; (compiled from sources cited on slide).
Leaving is a process and is often dangerous for a victim. As a society we need to begin reframing our questions, asking ,“Why are batterers allowed to harm their partners?” rather than, “Why don’t victims leave?” Batterers must be held accountable for their actions and the choices they make. When we as a society say NO to intimate partner abuse and MEAN it, our need for battered women’s advocates may decrease sharply.
Separation violence clearly is a safety issue. A victim can say, ‘Goodbye,’ but the perpetrator’s response may be to stalk, harass at work, threaten retaliation such as harm to children, pets or property. The list of tactics used by batterers is daunting. DV victims are often isolated from friends and family by their abusers. Yet, DV victims actively develop survival strategies to keep themselves and their children safe.
Many factors shape a woman’s repeated attempts to live violence free. These factors may include (but are not limited to): a lack of housing; limited (or no) access to economic resources; threats of retaliation and hopes that a batterer will change or stop the violence.
Many battered women make repeated efforts to achieve safety; often, struggling alone rather than revealing their situation to others. It is not unusual for a battered woman to fear telling anyone about her situation until it is safe for her to do so. Believing the victim and letting her know, “You are not alone,” is an intervention in and of itself. You may be the first person who believes her story and offers support without question. This may be the first of many conversations creating a ‘climate of safety,’ and respect for this woman. Your local DV advocates are always available to offer education, resources and safety planning assistance.
Health care providers must always remember, there is no quick fix for domestic violence.
Leaving is a process. Remember, batterers are extremely controlling, manipulative and directive. Interventions perceived by the battered woman as authoritarian or overly directive are not as successful as those designed to acknowledge her unique survival strategies. Survivors of domestic violence do leave. They leave when they are ready. They leave when they believe it is safe to do so.
Success can be defined very simply. Did you break her isolation, provide a referral, ask about safety? Offer options and avoid ‘pushing’ your own opinion or time-frame agenda. Victims leave when they are ready. Think of yourself as one who ‘sows seeds’.
An medical response that affirms a battered woman’s story and decision-making process is essential because there are so many societal sanctions that perpetuate violence. To illustrate this point during training, ask the group to quickly brainstorm songs that glorify or endorse violence against women. TV shows, movies and newspaper articles also provide examples of cultural messages about domestic violence. Ask group members to examine their own beliefs about violence and challenge them to move away from asking ‘why,’ someone stays to ‘why’ batterers are allowed to continue abusing.
We all need to acknowledge victims of violence don’t like abuse, don’t cause abuse, and may need time to realize they can’t change an abuser’s behavior. Providers, Social Workers, Nurses, Medical Assistants, Nutritionists, Security, Patient Service Reps…all who come in contact with victims of violence, play a part within our state’s coordinated community response to end domestic violence.
Though not meant to detract from those cases where the victim is male, the majority of domestic violence victims are female. “The U.S. Dept. of Justice estimates that 95% of reported assaults on spouses or ex-spouses are committed by men against women (Douglas, 1991) There are no prevalence figures for domestic violence in gay and lesbian relationships, but experts (Lobel, 1986; Renzetti, 1992; Letelier, 1994) indicate that DV is a significant problem in same-sex relationships as well,” (Family Violence Prevention Fund, 1995). 1
The invisibility of violent behaviors directed towards intimate partners tends to be greatest for victims on either end of the economic continuum. Both very poor and very wealthy women are victims of domestic violence. Women on public assistance responding to Washington State PRAMS survey questions were 5 times more likely to report injury from a husband or partner. 2 All women, regardless of their socio-economic status must be routinely screened for domestic violence in the health care setting.
References - ( Slide)
1. This figure comes from FBI Statistics, which are probably conservative estimates.
2. Schulman, M.A., A Survey of Spousal Violence Against Women in Kentucky. Washington, DC: US. Government Printing Office, 1979.
References - (Notes page)
1. Ganley, A. Understanding Domestic Violence, pp. 17. ( See
earlier notes page for full citation).
2. PRAMS (Pregnancy Risk Monitoring System) = population based surveillance system using birth certificates to help survey new moms representative of all registered births to WA State residents collected by WA State DOH since 1993.
Domestic Violence is learned behavior. It is learned through observation, experience and reinforcement. Batterer’s learn the benefits of exerting power within the family, (and also from societal institutions where power and control dynamics are emphasized).
Rarely is abuse caused by perpetrator illness or disease.
Alcohol and other drugs: Use by victims may be a consequence of violence and not the cause. Perpetrators may use alcohol or other drugs as an excuse for the battering. Batterers who are misusing alcohol or other drugs must get treatment for both problems. Treatment for substance abuse alone does not mean battering behavior will cease. And, treatment by a WA state certified batterers program cannot ensure safety; especially, if substance misuse goes undetected. Substance abuse by a batterer, victim or both, while not the cause, is often associated with greater severity of injuries and increased lethality rates. Chemically affected victims of violence often believe their use of a substance means violence against them is warranted. Always affirm no one has the right to hurt them and that violence directed against them is never their fault under any circumstance.
Stress: Violence is a choice; it is one of many behavioral options when stress occurs. While stress may be experienced in varying degrees of intensity, each individual can choose an alternative to violence in response to stress. “People choose ways to reduce stress according to what they have learned about strategies that have worked for them in the past. It is important to hold individuals accountable for the choices they make to reduce stress especially when those choices involve violence or other illegal behaviors,” (Ganley, 1995).
Reference (Causes of DV continued next page)
(See Ganley, A., Understanding Domestic Violence
(pp. 29) on earlier notes page for full citation).
Batterers use isolation to prevent victims from using support systems among friends or family. Frequently, batterers do not allow their partners to have friends or contact with anyone they perceive as a threat or supportive to their victims. Jealousy is often used as an excuse by batterers for this as well as for other tactics of abuse they use when choosing to get their own way.
Isolation limits a victim to one point of view: the batterer’s. This tactic makes a batterer seem omnipotent. Tactics such as isolation, humiliation, enforcement of trivial demands and intermittent re-enforcement may be perceived not solely as tactics of violence, but also as tools designed to maintain control and prevent escape.
Batterers issue threats of retaliation to cultivate fear and despair. They induce debility by denying sleep, medications and food. Batterers also monitor and monopolize all a victim’s time (NiCarthy, 1984). They make the rules in a relationship. They enforce the rules in a relationship. They change the rules in a relationship.
DV is often perceived as a private matter. ‘Don’t get involved in family business,’ is a cultural norm for many, as are religious beliefs such as, ‘Marriage is for life,’ or, ‘Children need two parents.’
Many professionals don’t understand the dynamics of DV or are frightened of intruding. Potential helpers may worry they too could be targeted by an abuser. Clergy have told victims to pray for change or to be a better wife. Historically battered women have been prescribed psychotropic meds (e.g., sedatives) making victims vulnerable to addiction and less capable of protecting themselves. Therapists have told couples to work on communication and have failed to note couples counseling is dangerous and contra-indicated when domestic violence exists. These attitudes and beliefs foster societal denial about the severity of DV and the need for a coordinated community response to combat it.
Reference
NiCarthy, G., Merriam, K . and Coffman, S., ( 1984). Talking it out: A guide to groups for abused women (pp.99-100). Seattle: Seal Press.
Remember to be discrete and to ask whether it is safe for your patient to take information about DV home with her. The wallet cards in the WSMA domestic violence packet may be a helpful resource to provide your patient.
Offer to let your patient use the phone at the health care facility to make calls.
Check to see if she is aware that the Washington State DV Hotline can patch through long distance calls for her when a batterer is monitoring her phone bills or she is in an emergency situation.
Offer options. Respect your patients’ decisions even if you don’t agree with them. Remember dealing with DV is a process. Be sure your door is always open!