Downloaded 53 times
![Chapter 1 introduction 12th edition custom powerpoint.pptx [autosaved]](https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/chapter1introduction12theditioncustompowerpoint-170901163907-thumbnail.jpg?width=640&height=640&fit=bounds)
Positions in the Clinical Laboratory
- 1. What is the Clinical/Anatomical Laboratory Profession? Sponsored by Insert Facility Name here Insert city and state here
- 2. IMPACT 70-80% of medical decisions are based on laboratory results. Laboratory tests are extremely valuable. Modern medicine could not function without lab tests. Demand for laboratory professionals will exceed supply in the near future.
- 3. Positions in theLaboratory Clinical Pathology: tests Anatomic Pathology: tests patient samples blood, urine, and tissue samples and human cells on body fluids. slides. Professionals: Professionals: • Medical Technologists • Cytotechnologists Also known as Clinical Works closely with Laboratory Scientist (CLS). Pathologist Four year Bachelor of Science Separate education and Degree training from Medical • Technicians Technologist Also known as Clinical • Histotechnologists Laboratory Technician (CLT) Prepares thin sections to be Two year Associate Degree examined by Pathologist • Pathologists’ Assistants Interacts with a Pathologist like a Physicians’ Assistant. Separate Bachelor’s degree or Master’s degree programs.
- 4. Salaries Medical Technologist Median Average Wage: $59,571 per year or $28.64 per hour Medical Lab Technicians Median Average Wage: $42,973 per year or $20.66 per hour Cytotechnologist Median Average Wage: $64,771 per year or $31.14 per hour Histotechnologist Median Average Wage:$51,542 per year or $24.78 per hour Phlebotomist Median Average Wage: $30,202 per year or $14.52 per hour
- 5. Laboratory Structure Clinical Departments: • Hematology, Chemistry, Blood Bank, Microbiology, Immunology Anatomical Departments: • Cytology, Histology Supervisor Manager Administrator
- 6. Work Environments Hospitals Laboratories Physician Office Laboratories Independent or Reference Laboratories Public Health Laboratories Pharmaceutical Companies Fertility Clinics Veterinary Laboratory Educational Program Director Research/ Clinical Trials Product Development Sales and Marketing/Consulting Genetics Information Technology Multi-departmental Manager/Hospital Administration Medical Informatics Forensic Laboratories
- 7. Areas of Study Clinical Lab • Microbiology • Immunohematology • Clinical Chemistry • Hematology • Coagulation • Immunology • Urinalysis Esoteric/Referral Testing Anatomic Pathology • Histology • Cytology • Autopsy Molecular Diagnostics
- 8. Elements of Blood Plasma - the liquid portion Platelets - the clot forming components White Blood Cells - the infection fighters Red Blood Cells - the oxygen transporters
- 9. Phlebotomy Collection and processing of blood samples. Patient interaction. Great place to begin a health care career.
- 10. Collection Supplies Blood Collection • Purple top • Yellow top • Blue top • Green top • Pink top Urine Specimen
- 11. Urinalysis Chemical Analysis • Dipstick Sediment • Crystals • Casts • Cells
- 12. Urine Microscopic Yeast Exam Epithelial Cells Calcium Oxalate Crystals
- 13. Urinalysis Renal epithelial Cellular cast
- 14. Immunohematology Blood types Transfusions Transfusion reactions Abnormal antibodies
- 15. Blood Types A positive AB negative
- 16. Blood Types O positive O negative
- 17. Blood Types B negative B positive
- 18. Blood Types A negative AB positive
- 19. Hematology Complete blood count (CBC) Cellular morphology Anemias Leukemias Hemoglobinopathies
- 20. Neutrophils - Basophils - Eosinophils - Engulf bacteria Hypersensitivity, Parasitic infections, and cellular debris Release histamine Allergic response 37-77% 0-1.6% 1-7% White Blood Cells Lymphocytes - Monocytes - Produce antibodies, Engulf cellular regulate the immune debris, antigen response processing 10-44% 2-10%
- 21.
- 22. Hematology Images Chronic Myelocytic Acute Myelocytic Leukemia (CML) Leukemia (AML)
- 23. Clinical Microbiology Bacteria Viruses Fungus Parasites
- 24.
- 25. Clinical Chemistry Literallythousands of chemicals and enzymes in the human body Panels of tests Hepatitis Diabetics Electrolyte balance Lipid levels
- 26. Chemistry Water Vitamins Proteins Enzymes DNA RNA Cholesterol Amino Acids Minerals Fats Sugars Hormones pH
- 27. Anatomical Pathology Bone Cells Blood Cells Muscle Fat Cells Cells
- 28. Quiz Number 1 32year-old male arrives in the emergency room with right lower back pain for 2 days. Lab results: The patient’s urine tests positive for blood and the following elements are seen. What is the patient’s problem? A. Appendicitis. B. Parasitic infection. C. Renal calculi (kidney stone). D. Leukemia.
- 29. Number 2 10 year-oldfemale is seen by her family physician for persistent sore throats and swollen lymph nodes. Lab results: WBC count-185,000/mm3. 90% lymphoblasts. The patient’s problem is… A. Renal calculi. B. Leukemia. C. Parasitic infection. D. Iron deficiency anemia.
- 30. Number 3 23 year-oldmale is seen in the urgent care clinic. Patient complains of a white discharge and pain with urination. Lab results: Gram stain shows many WBCs and 3 plus gram negative diplococci. A. Sexually transmitted disease. B. Bladder infection. C. Kidney infection. D. Hepatitis.
- 31. Number 4 12 year-oldmale complains of a sore throat, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. Lab results: Gram stain demonstrates gram positive cocci in chains. The patient’s problem is…. A. Viral infection. B. Over-eating. C. Ear infection. D. Strep infection.
- 32. Number 5 18 year-oldfemale complains of being tired for the past 2 weeks. Lab results: Low HCT, HGB, and RBCs. The patient’s problem is…. A. Iron deficiency anemia. B. Leukemia. C. Macrocytic anemia. D. She does not want to go to school.
- 33. Conclusion Though we are behind the scenes. We are the Heroes of the Health Care Team Solving Today’s Medical Mysteries.
- 34.