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Asma Asiah P. (37100)
    Esty S. (37511)
Nabella Indah P. (37545)
   Format kompresi raster image.
   Biasa digunakan pada web atau aplikasi.
   Diperkenalkan pada tahun 1994
   Mendukung gambar dengan tipe colour
    space:
     True colour
     Palette-based (24-bit RGB/32-bit RGBA)
     Greyscale
   Tidak mendukung gambar non-RGB.
   Mendukung alpha channel yang
    menyediakan 256 level transparansi.
   Menggunakan loseless compression.

   Terdapat 2 tahap pada proses kompresi:

    Filtering/Prediksi

    Kompresi dgn Algoritma Deflate
   Untuk mentransmisikan gambar ke dalam bentuk
    yg lebih mudah dikompresi.
   Di PNG sekarang hanya ada saru metode filtering:
    method 0.
   Method 0 akan memperkirakan nilai byte suatu
    pixel dengan menggunakan data byte pixel di
    sekitarnya.
   Satu metode filter untuk satu gambar, tiap scanline
    pada gambar dikenai tipe yang berbeda dari
    metode tersebut.
   Method 0 punya lima tipe:
                    Tipe                       Nama Tipe
                      0                           None
                      1                            Sub
                      2                            Up
                      3                          Average
                      4                           Paeth




                           ACHTUNG-ACHTUNG!!
     Algoritma filtering akan dikenakan pada nilai byte, BUKAN pada pixel.
   None: tidak ada byte yg dimodifikasi
   Sub: menggunakan data byte pixel A
    untuk memperkirakan nilai byte pixel
    X
   Up: menggunakan data byte pixel B
    untuk memperkirakan nilai byte pixel
    X
   Average: menggunakan rata-rata pixel
    A dan B untuk memperkirakan nilai
    byte pixel X
   Paeth: menghitung jarak pixel mana
    yang terdekat (dari A, B, C), pixel
    terdekat     digunakan        untuk
    memperkirakan nilai X
 Merupakan algoritma kompresi yang bersifat loseless.
 Mengkombinasikan algoritma LZ77 dan Huffman Coding.
 Stream formatnya terdiri dari blok-blok data. Setiap blok
  memiliki 3 –bit header:

    1 bit penanda “bit terakhir pada stream”
     • 1 = blok tsb merupakan blok terakhir pada stream
     • 0 = blok tsb bukan blok terakhir
    2 bit penanda “encoding yang digunakan”
     •   00 = raw/literal
     •   01 = static Huffman
     •   10 = blok terkompresi lengkap dgn tabel Huffman
     •   11 = reserved
   Jika terdapat sejumlah bit berulang (repeated
    string) pada blok terkompresi, akan diberi
    back-reference.
   Back-reference mereferensi ke byte serupa
    yang dijumpai sebelumnya.
   Back reference memberi keterangan panjang
    byte dan distance dari identical byte
    sebelumnya.

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Portable network graphics

  • 1. Asma Asiah P. (37100) Esty S. (37511) Nabella Indah P. (37545)
  • 2. Format kompresi raster image.  Biasa digunakan pada web atau aplikasi.  Diperkenalkan pada tahun 1994  Mendukung gambar dengan tipe colour space:  True colour  Palette-based (24-bit RGB/32-bit RGBA)  Greyscale
  • 3. Tidak mendukung gambar non-RGB.  Mendukung alpha channel yang menyediakan 256 level transparansi.
  • 4. Menggunakan loseless compression.  Terdapat 2 tahap pada proses kompresi: Filtering/Prediksi Kompresi dgn Algoritma Deflate
  • 5. Untuk mentransmisikan gambar ke dalam bentuk yg lebih mudah dikompresi.  Di PNG sekarang hanya ada saru metode filtering: method 0.  Method 0 akan memperkirakan nilai byte suatu pixel dengan menggunakan data byte pixel di sekitarnya.  Satu metode filter untuk satu gambar, tiap scanline pada gambar dikenai tipe yang berbeda dari metode tersebut.
  • 6. Method 0 punya lima tipe: Tipe Nama Tipe 0 None 1 Sub 2 Up 3 Average 4 Paeth ACHTUNG-ACHTUNG!! Algoritma filtering akan dikenakan pada nilai byte, BUKAN pada pixel.
  • 7. None: tidak ada byte yg dimodifikasi  Sub: menggunakan data byte pixel A untuk memperkirakan nilai byte pixel X  Up: menggunakan data byte pixel B untuk memperkirakan nilai byte pixel X  Average: menggunakan rata-rata pixel A dan B untuk memperkirakan nilai byte pixel X  Paeth: menghitung jarak pixel mana yang terdekat (dari A, B, C), pixel terdekat digunakan untuk memperkirakan nilai X
  • 8.  Merupakan algoritma kompresi yang bersifat loseless.  Mengkombinasikan algoritma LZ77 dan Huffman Coding.  Stream formatnya terdiri dari blok-blok data. Setiap blok memiliki 3 –bit header: 1 bit penanda “bit terakhir pada stream” • 1 = blok tsb merupakan blok terakhir pada stream • 0 = blok tsb bukan blok terakhir 2 bit penanda “encoding yang digunakan” • 00 = raw/literal • 01 = static Huffman • 10 = blok terkompresi lengkap dgn tabel Huffman • 11 = reserved
  • 9. Jika terdapat sejumlah bit berulang (repeated string) pada blok terkompresi, akan diberi back-reference.  Back-reference mereferensi ke byte serupa yang dijumpai sebelumnya.  Back reference memberi keterangan panjang byte dan distance dari identical byte sebelumnya.

Editor's Notes

  1. Diperkenalkantahun 1994 untukmenggantikan format GIF yang waktuitubermasalahdengan copyright.
  2. Tidakmendukunggambar non-RGB karenadiadidesainbuat transfer gambardi internet, yg non-RGB kaya CMYK buatdalambentuk print.
  3. None :Byte hasilscanlinetidakdimodifikasi, hanyamenambahkan byte berisiketerangantipe filter sebelum byte data.Sub: Each byte is replaced with the difference between it and the “corresponding byte'' to its left.Up: Each byte is replaced with the difference between it and the byte above it (in the previous row, as it was before filtering)..Average: Each byte is replaced with the difference between it and the average of the corresponding bytes to its left and above it, truncating any fractional part (rata2 pixel A dan B).Paeth: Each byte is replaced with the difference between it and the Paeth predictor of the corresponding bytes to its left, above it, and to its upper left.Base value= A+B-C.Dicariselisihantaranilai base value sama A, B, dan CByte dgnselisih paling kecildari base value dipakesbg predictor.
  4. Back-reference: mereferensike byte serupa yang dijumpaisebelum byte ygsekarang