The document discusses population explosion, which refers to a rapid increase in the number of people living in an area. It outlines several key causes of population explosion, including increased birth rates, decreased infant mortality rates, and increased life expectancy. Some consequences of population explosion mentioned are unemployment, poverty, overuse of resources, and environmental damage. The document also provides suggestions for preventing further population explosion, such as family planning programs and improving access to education.

1. Subject: Population Studies
Class: MSc 4th
Lecture: 6th week
Topic: Population Explosion

2. Population Explosion
Definition
Population explosion refers to the very big number of people that live in
an area. It is a major issue for developing countries. Also, the government is not
taking proper measures to control this problem. Besides, it generates many issues in
the country that cause many problems for people.
Meaning of Population Explosion
The rapid increase in numbers of a particular species, especially in the
world's human population since the end of World War II, attributed to an
accelerating birthrate, a decrease in infant mortality, and an increase in life
expectancy.

3. Causes of Population Explosion
The cause of the population explosion includes many factors and reasons.
These includes:
Increase in the birth rate
Due to lack of control on delivery and unawareness of people the birth
rate is increasing rapidly. In addition, the gap between death and birth has gone
way wider than what we can think of. Furthermore, the birth rate has increased
many folds in comparison to the death rate.
A decrease in infant mortality rate
Mortality rate refers to the number of death of infants below the age of 6
months. Due to science and technology, we are able to minimize this rate and now
only a few cases of death are known per thousand death.

4. The life expectancy growth
Earlier the life expectancy of people was around 55-60 years. But due to better and
improved medical facilities, we are now able to increase the life expectancy of people. Now
the average age of a person increased to 70-75 years.
Besides, these better living conditions, good quality food, better nutrition, and
better sanitation facilities also helped in increasing life expectancy.
High level of illiteracy
The literacy level of women is one of the biggest problems of family planning. In
developing contries, people pay very little importance to women’s education and marry
them at an early age. That’s why they do not have knowledge about birth control methods
and the use of contraceptives.

5. Consequences of Population Explosions
Here are the twelve main consequences of population growth. The consequences
are:
1. Investment
2. Over use of Resources
3. Urbanization
4. Per Capita Income
5. Standard of Living
6. Agricultural Development
7. Employment
8. Social Infrastructure
9. Labor Force
10. Capital Formation
11. Environment Rapid Population Growth Leads to Environmental Damage
12. World Economy.

6. Effects of Population Explosion
The population explosion affects natural resources and many sectors of the economy in many
ways.
Unemployment
Due to the increase in the population the demand for jobs and employment also
increases. But, due to a lack of resources and employment opportunities, there are millions of
jobless people in country.
In addition, the condition of unemployment is growing day by day. To face this
problem most the people are migrating to other countries for better job opportunities.
Poverty
Due to the large population there a large number of people who belong to below
the poverty line and they do not have adequate knowledge of the overpopulation of the
country. Also, they are the major contributor to a high birth rate.

7. Prevention of population explosion
There are various methods by which we can prevent a population
explosion. The government can take measures to aware of the population about the
various methods that can help in controlling the population. Also, it should
implement some strong campaign for family planning and birth control.
Concluding Remarks
To sum it up, the population explosion has caused huge pressure on the
surface of the earth. Also, we can control many issues of the earth by controlling
population growth. Besides, many problems like food insecurity, illiteracy,
poverty, and unemployment can be minimized by controlling the population.

8. Task
Write a note on the population explosion of India, China and Pakistan
Write down a detail note on 12 main consequences of population explosion