Air pollution refers to harmful pollutants released into the air. It is responsible for nearly 7 million deaths annually according to the WHO. Most air pollution comes from burning fossil fuels for energy and industrial processes. It contributes to climate change and is exacerbated by it. Transitioning to cleaner energy sources like renewables is key to controlling air pollution.

1. AIR
POLLUTION
Air pollution refers to the release of pollutants into the air—
pollutants which are detrimental to human health and the
planet as a whole. According to the World Health
Organization (WHO), each year air pollution is responsible for
nearly seven million deaths around the globe.
Nine out of ten human beings currently breathe air that exceeds the WHO’s guideline limits for
pollutants, with those living in low- and middle-income countries suffering the most. In the
United States, the Clean Air Act, established in 1970, authorizes the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) to safeguard public health by regulating the emissions of these
harmful air pollutants.

2. CAUSES OF AIR
POLLUTION
“Most air pollution comes from energy use and production,”
says John Walke, director of the Clean Air Project, part of
the Climate and Clean Energy program at NRDC. “Burning
fossil fuels releases gases and chemicals into the air.” And in
an especially destructive feedback loop, air pollution not only
contributes to climate change but is also exacerbated by it.
“Air pollution in the form of carbon dioxide and methane raises the earth’s temperature,”
Walke says. “Another type of air pollution, smog, is then worsened by that increased
heat, forming when the weather is warmer and there’s more ultraviolet radiation.”

3. CONTROLLING
AIR POLLUTION
the Clean Air Act has been a crucial tool for reducing air pollution since its passage in 1970, although
fossil-fuel interests aided by industry-friendly lawmakers have frequently attempted to weaken its
many protections. Ensuring that this bedrock environmental law remains intact and properly enforced
will always be key to maintaining and improving our air quality.
most effective way to control air
pollution is to speed up our
transition to cleaner fuels and
industrial processes. By switching
over to renewable energy sources

4. WHAT IS MARINE
POLLUTION?
Marine pollution occurs when harmful substances—often
chemicals or microorganisms—contaminate a stream,
river, lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of water,
degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans
or the environment.
Marine pollution is the introduction of substances or energy from
humans into the marine environment resulting in such deleterious
effects as harm to living resources, hazards to human health, hindrance
to marine activities including fishing, impairment of quality for use of
seawater, and reduction of amenities.

5. CAUSES OF MARINE
POLLUTION
Water is uniquely vulnerable to pollution. Known as a “universal solvent,” water is
able to dissolve more substances than any other liquid on earth. It’s the reason we
have Kool-Aid and brilliant blue waterfalls. It’s also why water is so easily polluted.
Toxic substances from farms, towns, and factories readily dissolve into and mix with
it, causing water pollution.
Used water is wastewater. It comes from our sinks, showers, and toilets (think sewage) and
from commercial, industrial, and agricultural activities (think metals, solvents, and toxic
sludge). The term also includes stormwater runoff, which occurs when rainfall carries road
salts, oil, grease, chemicals, and debris from impermeable surfaces into our waterways

6. PREVENTION OF MARINE
POLLUTION
Harmful substances are substances identified as marine pollutants in the IMDG
(International Maritime Dangerous Goods) Code. Marpol poses strict requirements
on packages, which must be durably marked or labelled. The annex deals with
documentation, stowage, quantity limitations and compliance.
With the increased attention of plastic pollution, this annex is
highly relevant in this respect. Disposal of all plastics into the
sea is prohibited. Depending on the distance from land (the
distance depends on the material), disposal of other garbage,
such as food waste, paper products, glass and metal may be
permitted if ground (particle sizes may not exceed a 25 mm
diameter). Disposal from fixed or floating platforms and from
ships within a 500 m perimeter of such platforms is prohibited,
with the exception of ground food waste.

7. WHAT IS NOISE
POLLUTION
Noise pollution can be defined as any disturbing or unwanted noise that
interferes or harms humans or wildlife. Although noise constantly surrounds
us, noise pollution generally receives less attention than water quality and air
quality issues because it cannot be seen, tasted, or smelled.
The faintest sound that the human ear can hear is 1 Db.
Due to increasing noise around the civilizations, noise
pollution has become a matter of concern. Some of its
major causes are vehicles, aircraft, industrial machines,
loudspeakers, crackers, etc. When used at high volume,
some other appliances also contribute to noise pollution,
like television, transistor, radio, etc.