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Political Science And Political Philosophy Essay
Introduction
Political science is a an academic discipline. It is a part of social science which discuss about government and politics. It generally analyses the
methods and policies of government. It is the systematic and analytical study of political and government institutions. The procedure and process of
governmental policies is explained in political science. In order to define and analyze political science many political thinkers have given different
theories. They practiced political science as a political philosophy. They gave their different thought by writing many concept of political philosophy.
These theories have helped the people to recognize the actual process of public policies for establishing good governance. It also helps a nation to
overcome political conflict. Political philosophy will help the citizens to understand why things need to be changed."Political philosophy explores the
nature, principles, and rationale that underlie the exercise of government".[Hudelson,1999]
Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Karl Marx, Thomas Hobbes, john Locke, Jean–Jacques Rousseau were well known major political thinkers. Plato gives
the concept of ideal state where the state is like a human including three elements–philosophers, soldiers and workers .The philosopher is like a king
who makes law but he is above law. But this kind of king is not applicable in modern world. We can understand how a state can be governed by Plato
with his theory. Aristotle gives
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The Pros And Cons Of Political Science
Political Science is a study that is in the process of progression. According to Douglas A. Van Belle, "faraway galaxies" have politics also. Pondering
where people exist, interactions exist. Where people and interactions exist so do cultures and societies whose idiologies and customs very dramatically.
I have always been attracted to politics and the more time I spend studing politics the more I realize why. "Political scientist do not agree on a
definition" and for "more than 2,000 years" there has been different interpretations of what the science portion is inclusive of. In class we discussed this
and we were presented with the interpretation of political science as "Who gets What, When, How" .
At Georgia Southern University the Political Science Department seperates the dicipline into four fields, Political Theory, American Politics,
Comparitive Politics and International Politics. Comparing concepts from the four different fields can give us a more philosophical approach to the
dicipline. With a higher degree of understanding, we can accomplish more with the knowledge we share.
Political Theory
From my understanding, political theory tends to be a sub–discipline that is much less discussed than the others. "Political theory reflects or engages
the philosophical foundations of the study of politics". Pondering about this subdiscipline, it is very possible to come to the premature assumption that
political theory is the blood flow of political studies. In some
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Example Of Political Analysis
I chose to analyze the conflict surrounding the current United States presidential election after encountering a debate which aired on Iranian news
source, Press TV, on August 1, 2016. The debate was between American progressive political commentator, Dean Henderson, and American political
columnist Brent Budowsky, of The Hill newspaper. What started as an analysis of the recently held American Democratic National Convention in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States, evolved into a heated argument. Commentators Mr. Henderson and Mr. Budowsky disagreed on who
the best candidate for the Democratic party is. Mr. Henderson is a supporter of presidential candidate Bernie Sanders, a progressive socialist who vowed
to push back against big corporations in...show more content...
oLiberal Democrats want to maintain a Democrat in the office of President who will promote liberal social policies. They do not want Donald Trump
as President, even if he were not a Republican nominee.
What concerns do Hillary Clinton opponents have about her? o Hillary Clinton would only look out for the interests of large corporations. o She
makes bad decisions about world conflicts and the U.S. involvement in conflicts. o She would nominate liberal people in positions of power who
would enact laws conservatives are against, like abortion rights.
What concerns do Donald Trump opponents have about him? o Some are concerned that Donald Trump is mentally unstable, immature and reacts
irrationally to even minor criticisms. o He will institute policies of isolationism based on racism that could to economic disaster. o He is not an ethical
leader, as proven by multiple bankruptcies of his corporations where investors and workers suffered financial ruin while he profited personally. o His
nationalistic tendencies and unchecked temper could lead to irrational decisions leading to
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Political Science and Public Administration are scientific studies that pull from a variation of diverse fields. Majors of education at institutions of
higher education like Accounting, Agriculture, Anthropology, Communications, Economics, Education, History, Marketing, Medicine, Psychology,
and Sociology all are encompassed within Political Science and Public Administration. Within Political Science policy is set, budgets are made, and
laws are calculated with consideration from all the aforementioned studies within the spectrum of post–secondary education. To some individuals in
society, the theoretical studies devoted into Political Science and Public Administration are exceedingly ambiguous due to the common misconception
that once you graduate with a degree in Political Science or Public Administration that one immediately goes to law school to earn a law degree.
Whereas that reality of pursuing a law degree may hold to be true for an abundant multitude of scholars that earned their degrees in Political Science or
Public Administration, that is not the only career opportunity that is obtainable to these scholars. Within the current events around the world, there is
an innumerable amount of Public administration disputes that have initiated boundless conflicts in the preparation of a satisfactory policy position for
the conflicting sides.
Headlines for the previous months have illuminated much of what we know as an environmental justice concern with the direct access
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Reflection Of Political Science
Political science is a broad topic that covers the history, political and geographical aspect of the world. The course started with a revision on the
basics of the constitution, types of power and the political scene that happens around us. My first year at the University, one of the compulsory
subject that is required for arts taking students is Political Science 1101. After several years of taking social or political course, taking this course
opened my knowledge towards politics and the political scene in Canada. It also taught me about how different ways of information taking could lead
to one learning differently from others. For example this class gave us the opportunity to use our laptops as a source of note taking, this helped me
learn in which whenever a new vocabulary comes up during the class discussions i could search it up. Through "The Road to Patriation" and Kim
Campbell "Through the Looking Glass" i would further emphasize my ideas on what i have learnt throughout the course semester.
The concepts provided in the documentary "The Road To Patriation" was about the disagreement between the federal and provincial government of
Canada on what to do with their constitution and how they would agree on a formula to bring back the Canadian Constitution from England. After the
failure of five prime ministers and several conferences Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau took up the challenge of bringing back the constitution in early
1970 alongside with his Justice Minister
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A Career as a Political Scientist Essay
The career that I decided to do my research on is a Political Scientist. I chose this career because it's something I would want to do for the rest of
my life. Politics has a great role in American society. As a political scientist you make the people's voices heard and help up hold the foundations of
democracy; whether that is as an elected official, or as an analyst helping senators make key decisions on a bill about to pass in their state, Political
scientists make a difference.
History The beginning of western politics goes back to the "Socrates" philosophers; which consists of Plato, Xenophon, and Aristotle (who is known as
the "father of political science") Most of their most famous works, such as The Republic by Plato,...show more content...
The writing of the federalist papers, the constitution, and the declaration of independence; as well as the formation of the American government
progressed the study of politics. During the 19th century, the first large scale training of political scientists began at Johns Hopkins University. The
keystone schools and professors that really launched political science as a true study were: Woodrow Wilson at Princeton University, Albert Bushnell
Hart at Harvard, and William Dunning at Columbia. During the Progressive Era (1890–1929) in the U.S. political science became known as a
prestigious university major and was highly studied by the high social class in the United States. In 1903, The American Political Science Association
is established, which is still today the largest association of political scientists. The formation of this faction shows that political science by 1903 was
starting to become a legitimate study and that the profession has modernized from its roots.
Why I Chose This Career I chose political scientist, because it is something I am deeply interested in and something that I believe has great
importance in American society. I first became interested in politics when I was 15. The pressing times in our nation, and the will to help pass certain
policies that could help my future, as well as the futures of my peers is what motivated me to get motivated. In August of 2012 I got involved with
Presidents re–election campaign, and
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Essay on Political Science
1)
Which of the following constitutes an element of the United States' national political culture?The rights and liberties citizens have
2)
No political belief has been more widely held across social groups and generations in the United States than ________.
individual liberty
3)
The Declaration of Independence asserts the primacy of the principle of ________, that "all men are created equal."
equality 4)
The fastest growing ethnic group in the United States is ________.
Hispanics 5)
Why is the location within the United States where immigrants settle politically important?
The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives is calculated based on a state's adult population,...show more content...
The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives is calculated based on a state's adult population, regardless of legal status.
6)
One aspect of the American scene that has tended to impress foreign observers is Americans' tendency to share many basic ________.political values
7)
Populism favors the________.
ordinary person
8)
Concerns about the level of_______ and its impact on regional politics and social cohesion from the 1920s to the 1950s resulted in many restrictions of
________ to the United States.
immigration; entry
9)
Capitalism in the United States has tended to ________.
produce income and wealth inequalities
10)
Which of the topics below is most closely associated with capitalism?
Property rights 11)
In 2008, the federal government's plan to bail out homeowners who could no longer afford to pay their mortgage is a rare example of ________.
Americans looking to the government for economic intervention.
12)
In the post–World War II era, _______.
America's involvement in the global economy has increased1)
Which of the following constitutes an element of the United States' national political culture?The rights and liberties citizens have
2)
No political belief has been more widely held across social groups and generations in the United States than ________.
individual liberty
3)
The Declaration of Independence asserts the primacy of the
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We all are interested in the way how things ought to be. How perfect relationship should be, how a perfect society should be, how a perfect
government should be. But things are never perfect. We all make mistakes, we aren't completely honest, even though we know how we should behave
we don't always behave that way. The difference between the perfection and reality is the difference betweenpolitical science and political philosophy. I
believe that the field of political science is indeed in contrast to political philosophy. As I already mentioned, the field of political philosophy
concentrates on how things ought to be. It makes normative statements about the world and the society. In Plato's major work Republic, he describes the
...show more content...
Aquinas, Aristotle, Augustine, they all have this ideal society where everyone is happy, everyone is just and everyone has secure roles they have to
play. Political science understands that it is not always the case and it doesn't assume that people are always kind and always follow the rules. It
assumes that people are rational and they will do whatever they need to get more benefits. That's why science creates tools to understand people's
behavior and help to direct the society in the right direction. It doesn't have one major end, like a just state in political philosophy, for example, it tries
to make small adjustments to implement different policies, Political science studies people's behavior to track the causation and what policies are
better suited for the society. Political scientists developed a lot of theories, such as learning theory, socialization, game theory and etc, different analysis
like costs–benefits analysis; they create different operationalization concepts and ways to measure different aspects of people's life and behavior.
They try to track people's intentions back to their childhood and guess what causes certain behavior. Political scientist study people's life and rely
more on empirical evidence such as results surveys, polls or experiments, but also on observations. Political philosophy relies more on observation
without any experiment and on the logical process. Political science changes society and
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Essay on Political Science
There has been a serious debate within academia, as to the validity of Political Science being an actual science. Furthermore, there are opposing
viewpoints between political science scholars as to the discipline being a social science or a synthesis of natural and social science. One such
academic; Charles Merriam asserts that political science has the characteristics of both sciences, because it adapt the study of human behavior to
provide an analysis of political institutions. Political scientists in theory espouse the notion that political science borrows elements from the hard
sciences in terms of objectivity to scientific inquiry and how governmental institutions function.
As a soft science, it is extremely difficult a strictly...show more content...
Therefore, through the establishment of knowledge from hard sciences, which enables political scientist to engage in rationale analysis to frame value
neutral research topics.
Kristen Monroe argues there a division among political methodologists and political theorists, which hinders the validity of the discipline. Moreover, he
states that bias plays a factor in formation of theories and scientific methods of academics. Nevertheless, the beliefs of a political scientist may hinder
the objectivity of the research. However, in actuality Political theory is reflection of the personnel viewpoint on the political theorist.
In theory, Political Scientists adhere to the same principle as their counterparts, because they arrive at their theories through review of literature and
engaging an open dialogue on a particular issue. Gabriel Almond supports Monroe assertion that political scientists are divided between methodological
and ideological lines. More importantly, the lack of objectivity between political theorists diminishes the validity of Political Science being an actual
science.
Political Science deals with the empirical study of the fundamental principles governing political behavior, ideology, governments, and political
institutions. The discipline is considered a social science, because using the empirical of study of social and political
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Political Philosophy And Political Science
As centuries have passed, political thought has undergone constant development and together with its development are changes. These changes had a
tremendous effect in the discipline. Political philosophy continued to progress which affected both political theory and political science. It seems that
with the progression of political philosophy, there was a growing need for the the discipline to become more scientific. They wanted it to be based on
facts, to become value–free and to be precise. Political philosophy started veering away from the classics. Despite the continuous need to be scientific,
there were still groups which remained inclined to the classics and believed that the traditions and values are essential in studying the discipline. These
conflicting views concerning the traditionalists and the behavioralists caused the gap between political philosophy and political science and eventually
the two separated. So it seems that as political philosophy progress, political science branched outside the academe and political theory, as it grew
larger became more and more alienated. In order to explain...show more content...
The cause of this was the emigres that came to the United States. They isolated political theory from the behavioral political science. As a result
according to John Gunnell, scholars under political theory was attached to the normative political theory. They wanted to learn and understand the
politics or the practices of politics without methods of science since they were rejecting it, instead they preferred to practice the philosophical and
historical process which the importance of values in research are highlighted. Though it seems that political theory has joined with political philosophy,
it is not the case since at most political theory has become so wide and encompassing that it has seemingly replaced political
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Political Science
SUBJECT:
"With the help of relevant examples from Zambia, discuss the sustainability of the Politics–Administration Dichotomy "
FROM:PATRICK. M. CHALWE
P O BOX 510659, CHIPATA, ZAMBIA
1.0INTRODUCTION Concepts of 'politics–administration dichotomy' have been a part of emancipatory discourse and practices for the last decades.
Advocates of these concepts have claimed that the responsibilities and accountabilities of the politicians (elected) and the bureaucrats (employees) must
be separate in concept and practice. But the question still being asked is whether there can be sustainability of this separation of politics and
administration.
This exercise/ assignment looks at convergences between approaches towards...show more content...
Given the importance of the relationship of politicians to staff to sound governance, it is not surprising that there is a long history of attempts to
develop principles or models for approaching this issue. One idea that has such a long history and shown remarkable durability is that politics can and
should be separated from administration. First introduced in 1887 by Woodrow Wilson (who later became President of the United States), the doctrine,
despite repeated critiques from academics and practitioners such as Herbert Simon (1976), never seems to die.
The Commission of Inquiry into the Sponsorship Program and Advertising Activities (2006) is the latest Canadian advocate for separating politics from
administration. Its final report published in February of this year stated that The responsibilities and accountabilities of the public service should not,
however, be the subject of partisan debate. Parliament has explicitly and unequivocally assigned broad powers for administration to the public service.
Its intention in so doing is to ensure that the administration of government and of government programs is conducted in a non–partisan manner under
laws, rules and regulations. According to John Graham (2006) two European scholars French and Folz, sum up the case against this
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The Study of Political Science Essay
Political science includes a wide range of topics that attempts to describe and explain the political process, politics, and the relationship among
governments. As American citizens we should all be informed and be educated about all these above topics. We as citizens cannot be unconscious of
our government as the government can make or break our lives. The general areas of study in political science include American government and
politics, political theory, public administration, public law, comparative politics and international relations.
Political science is the study of people's behavior as it relates to control the public organizations. The concept is normally divided into six subcategories:
Political philosophy– which deals with...show more content...
The next category is the nation public law– which involves the judicial process, civil rights, liberties and the importance of such terms as equal
opportunity and due process in the United States. The following category is Comparative government which raises the same questions of politics,
administration and law about other countries. Moreover, it also moves towards conclusion based on comparison between them. Finally, International
politics deals with relations between the states and other international actors, such as multinational corporations, the United Nations and with the
fundamental realities of power based on resources, wealth, military care and national security. All these may directly and indirectly affect our lives as
citizens.
A major in political science prepares students for law school, government employment on the local, state and national levels, foreign service, teaching,
business, journalism, or leadership in civic and political activities. For pre–law students, the department provides a series of law–related courses. There
is a pre–law adviser and an active Pre–law Society that enable students to make close and direct contact with the work of attorneys and judges.
Moreover political science is important since it makes citizens familiar with their legal system. If people don't understand the law of the land, people
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Importance And Importance Of Political Science
Table of Context
1. INTRODUCTION2
2. DEFINITION2
2.1 Political Science2
3. SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDYING POLITICAL SCIENCES2
4. REASONS TO STUDY POLITICAL SCIENCES3
5. THE CONCEPT OF POWER3
5.1 Political Power4
5.2 Political Authority4
6. BENEFITS OF STUDYING POLITICAL SCIENCES4
7. POLITICAL SCIENCES AS A MAJOR5
8. CONCLUSION5
LIST OF REFERENCES7
1. INTRODUCTION
The following essay will discuss the importance of choosing political science as a major and the benefits that come with it. The assignment will first
define political sciences and elaborate on its advantages. The essay will critical analyze how studying political sciences will help you in society and
also how it will help you in different fields of employment. Finally...show more content...
Students who study political science are taught how to think and critically analyze different situations in society this will help them in the jobs they
will acquire in the future. Political scientist students also acquire skills in research and writing. This will help them with development quantative skills.
Any student studying political sciences has a variety of jobs to choose from where they can obtain top management or executive positions. Political
science students can become lawyers, government officials teachers, create their own business and even do teaching. One can also go into international
relations. Studying the relationships of countries, how the countries in the global system interact with one another and their reasons for that. In
international relations students also look at foreign policies and how these policies affect the global economy and political system of the world.
Students will also learn about human rights violations and globalisation. The study of politics has a lot of fields to choose from and with the skills one
has acquired from studying politics finding a job will not be as difficult like in other degrees (Harris,
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Political Science Reflection
When I registered for this course I first thought that I was going to have a hard time understanding this class. I thought we would have to give
speeches in this class and do debates. Chapters 7, 8, and 9 were the chapters that interested me the most because it talked about interest groups, political
parties, and the campaigns and elections in America. When I started taking this course, I began to learn about how political power is distributed, how
different the governments operate and interact, and how the rules are made and enforced.
Politics virtually affect every aspect of our lives. This includes the availability of housing, healthcare, education, and jobs. Political science is being
able to understand and to explain the world of politics that is all around us. We have all participated in politics in some way, and the majority of the
time we don't even know. I thought politics was just about voting in an election or being part of the government, but politics is much more than that.
Interest groups, political parties, and the campaigns and elections in America, are a few of the many examples of political activity in our everyday lives.
In this class, we were able to discuss the basic concepts such as government, democracy, and power. Discussing these basic concepts has made me
think about the world around me, and my place in it. Once I understood the many concepts discussed in class, we then began to study in class the
connections between them. This is so that we could
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Prior going to this class I did not know what I was going to expect. In a large class room more than 70 students, how will the instructor going to
handle us to be in a respectful matter in other people's thoughts and opinions. I knew that this class was going to mainly focus on government. I
did not know what else I was going to learn. This was the first time I was going to take this course and I got a lot out of it. In this class, I have
grown in my political knowledge and where I stand for my opinions and views. I learned so much taking this class and I recommend all students take
this course. Anyone who lives in America should take a political science class to know about the government and political knowledge and to be able to
have a public opinion.
Stepping into this class the first day the instructor had the students to score out of one through ten and how much we trusted the government. I rated
my score a 6 and after discussing and finding out what the government controls. I have changed my score to a higher score in trusting in the
government. Learning so much about how much the government is involved with people's lives and has a huge power authority in the United States. I
have more trust in the government and seeing and learning what little things they have control over to the big things they have control over is now
knowing I built my trust in the government a lot more than before coming to class. I change my mind because of the knowledge I was missing and put
me
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Similarities Of Political Science And Politics
Political science is hard to define; it could be the study of politics and power of the U.S., international, and correlative viewpoint. It requires an
understanding of political ideas, ideologies, institutions, policies, processes, and behavior, as well as groups, classes, government, diplomacy, law,
strategy, and war.Political Science does involve the study of politics, but it also encompasses the study of political systems around the world,
including the structure and functioning of different governments in every region of the world. Involves the study of politics, such as the factors that
cause people to vote a certain way, public confidence in the governing structures, and divisions within electorates that help to understand the
viewpoints of different cultural/ethnic groups or socioeconomic classes toward various issues and politicians. It is not about the study of the real
world, but only about those features of the world that can be explored by methods deemed to be scientific. However, it is not a science; political
scientist did not predict that rise of al Qaida or ISIS. They cannot predict how society or the world will turn out.
Contrast political science with politics.
Political Science
Politics
Deals with the science of politics.
Refers to the affairs of the state.
Deals with the origin of politics, forms of government in various countries, the various rights of people in a country, the role of the ruling party and the
opposition party, and such other
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Political Science Essay
Biology
LabPaq / Published by: Hands–On Labs, Inc.
sales@HOLscience.com / www.HOLscience.com / Toll Free 866.206.0773
A laboratory Manual of Small–Scale Experiments for the independent Study of general Biology
50–0053–BK–02
LabPaqВ¼ is a registered trademark of Hands–On Labs, Inc. (HOL). The LabPaq referenced in this manual is produced by Hands–On Labs, Inc.
which holds and reserves all copyrights on experiences. The laboratory manual included with a LabPaq is intended for the sole use by that
years of research and development into these materials, reserves all rights related to them, and
Published by:
Hands–On Labs, Inc.
3880 S. Windermere St.
Englewood, CO 80110
Phone: Denver Area: 303–679–6252
Toll–free,...show more content...
Cleanup:
can. Discard used pipets and other waste in your normal trash. Return cleaned equipment and supplies to their LabPaq box and store the box out of
reach of children and pets. your Lab Report. If you have properly followed all the above steps, the conclusion will be easy.
www.HOLscience.com
8
© Hands–On Labs, Inc.
Introduction
Safety Concerns
CAUTioN for Women:
If you are pregnant or could be pregnant, you should seek advice from your personal physician before doing any type of science experimentation.
You, as a responsible science student and researcher, are solely responsible for safely storing manner. Items in your LabPaq can be especially
dangerous to children and pets, so the LabPaq should always be kept safely stored out of their reach. The LabPaq may contain acids or other chemicals
that can cause burns if mishandled plus serious illness and/or death if consumed.
cause injury. LabPaqs contain small items and materials that could cause choking, injury, or death if misused. not necessarily dangerous, they can pose
hazards which means you should always undertake to take measurements, make sure any stool, chair, or ladder you use is sturdy and take ample
to ensure that items cannot go astray and cause injury to people or property.
If you or anyone accidentally consumes or otherwise comes into contact with a substance that could be toxic or cannot be easily washed away,
immediately call:
Your
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Political Science Reflection
Political science is a broad topic. I started the course by reviewing the basics of the constitution, which includes the history. My first year at the
University, one of the compulsory subject that is required for arts taking students is Political Science 1101. It's been a long time since i took any
social or political course. Taking this course opened my knowledge towards politics and the political scene, taught me about how different ways of
taking informations could lead to one learning differently from others. For example this class gave us the opportunity to use our laptops as a source of
note taking, this helped me learn in which whenever a new vocabulary comes up during the class discussions i could search it up. Through "The Road
...show more content...
Lastly, this documentary made me realize why Canada is a bilingual country, which is due to the language right associated with Quebec and Canada.
The idea of Quebec wanting to be known as an independent country arose during the patriation of the Constitution in other words they wanted to be
free from Federal conflicts. The premier of Quebec, RenГ© LevГ©sque, believed that within Canada, there can be no Quebec (3:31–3:38). He formed
the " La Parti Quebecois" because he wanted more for his province of authority. Along with this, he also wanted to acquire the Language Right or Act
from the Constitution. (1:08:56–1:09:17) However, Trudeau opposed the belief of Levesque, he believed that without Quebec, there can be no Canada.
(3:31–3:38). He fought Levesque with the Canadian Bill of Rights, which gave the population of Quebec the opportunity for their voices to be
heard.(17:11–17:17). Writing an essay on this documentary was a great experience in which i had no idea on what Patriation was about and neither why
a country needed Patriation. Also made me realize some of the positives and negatives towards getting a country patriated. Some positives include
having the rights and freedom to make amendments to a country's constitution, updating
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The Political Of Political Science Essay
Introduction:
According to Aristotle"Man is by nature a political animal and he only by nature and by mere accident is without state is either above humanity or
below it"
Political science is ultimately related with the word politics which is derived from the Greek word "Polis".The origin of political thought in the west
and therefore goes back to the Greece.Political science is the study of the state and the government.And political philosophy is considersd to be a sub
discipline of political science.However it is a political theory,a discipline which has a closer methodology to the theoretical fields in the social
sciences.So,political philosophy is the study of topics such as politics,liberty,justice,rights,property,law and the enforcement of a legal code by
authority.(Agarwal,2013)
In short political philosophy is the activity with all the philosophers such as Plato,Aristotle,Machiavelli,KarlMarx,JohnHobbes,Locke,Rousseau
whereby the conceptual apparatus behind such concepts as afore mentioned are analysed in their history,intent and evaluation.Political philosophy has
been practiced for as long as human beings have regarded their collective arrngements no as immutable and part of the natural oder but as potentially
open to changes and therefore as standing in need of political justification.It can be found in many different cultures and has taken a wide variety of
forms.There are two reasons for these diversity.First the methods and approaches used by by political
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Political Science And Political Philosophy Essay

  • 1. Political Science And Political Philosophy Essay Introduction Political science is a an academic discipline. It is a part of social science which discuss about government and politics. It generally analyses the methods and policies of government. It is the systematic and analytical study of political and government institutions. The procedure and process of governmental policies is explained in political science. In order to define and analyze political science many political thinkers have given different theories. They practiced political science as a political philosophy. They gave their different thought by writing many concept of political philosophy. These theories have helped the people to recognize the actual process of public policies for establishing good governance. It also helps a nation to overcome political conflict. Political philosophy will help the citizens to understand why things need to be changed."Political philosophy explores the nature, principles, and rationale that underlie the exercise of government".[Hudelson,1999] Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Karl Marx, Thomas Hobbes, john Locke, Jean–Jacques Rousseau were well known major political thinkers. Plato gives the concept of ideal state where the state is like a human including three elements–philosophers, soldiers and workers .The philosopher is like a king who makes law but he is above law. But this kind of king is not applicable in modern world. We can understand how a state can be governed by Plato with his theory. Aristotle gives Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. The Pros And Cons Of Political Science Political Science is a study that is in the process of progression. According to Douglas A. Van Belle, "faraway galaxies" have politics also. Pondering where people exist, interactions exist. Where people and interactions exist so do cultures and societies whose idiologies and customs very dramatically. I have always been attracted to politics and the more time I spend studing politics the more I realize why. "Political scientist do not agree on a definition" and for "more than 2,000 years" there has been different interpretations of what the science portion is inclusive of. In class we discussed this and we were presented with the interpretation of political science as "Who gets What, When, How" . At Georgia Southern University the Political Science Department seperates the dicipline into four fields, Political Theory, American Politics, Comparitive Politics and International Politics. Comparing concepts from the four different fields can give us a more philosophical approach to the dicipline. With a higher degree of understanding, we can accomplish more with the knowledge we share. Political Theory From my understanding, political theory tends to be a sub–discipline that is much less discussed than the others. "Political theory reflects or engages the philosophical foundations of the study of politics". Pondering about this subdiscipline, it is very possible to come to the premature assumption that political theory is the blood flow of political studies. In some Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 3. Example Of Political Analysis I chose to analyze the conflict surrounding the current United States presidential election after encountering a debate which aired on Iranian news source, Press TV, on August 1, 2016. The debate was between American progressive political commentator, Dean Henderson, and American political columnist Brent Budowsky, of The Hill newspaper. What started as an analysis of the recently held American Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States, evolved into a heated argument. Commentators Mr. Henderson and Mr. Budowsky disagreed on who the best candidate for the Democratic party is. Mr. Henderson is a supporter of presidential candidate Bernie Sanders, a progressive socialist who vowed to push back against big corporations in...show more content... oLiberal Democrats want to maintain a Democrat in the office of President who will promote liberal social policies. They do not want Donald Trump as President, even if he were not a Republican nominee. What concerns do Hillary Clinton opponents have about her? o Hillary Clinton would only look out for the interests of large corporations. o She makes bad decisions about world conflicts and the U.S. involvement in conflicts. o She would nominate liberal people in positions of power who would enact laws conservatives are against, like abortion rights. What concerns do Donald Trump opponents have about him? o Some are concerned that Donald Trump is mentally unstable, immature and reacts irrationally to even minor criticisms. o He will institute policies of isolationism based on racism that could to economic disaster. o He is not an ethical leader, as proven by multiple bankruptcies of his corporations where investors and workers suffered financial ruin while he profited personally. o His nationalistic tendencies and unchecked temper could lead to irrational decisions leading to Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. Political Science and Public Administration are scientific studies that pull from a variation of diverse fields. Majors of education at institutions of higher education like Accounting, Agriculture, Anthropology, Communications, Economics, Education, History, Marketing, Medicine, Psychology, and Sociology all are encompassed within Political Science and Public Administration. Within Political Science policy is set, budgets are made, and laws are calculated with consideration from all the aforementioned studies within the spectrum of post–secondary education. To some individuals in society, the theoretical studies devoted into Political Science and Public Administration are exceedingly ambiguous due to the common misconception that once you graduate with a degree in Political Science or Public Administration that one immediately goes to law school to earn a law degree. Whereas that reality of pursuing a law degree may hold to be true for an abundant multitude of scholars that earned their degrees in Political Science or Public Administration, that is not the only career opportunity that is obtainable to these scholars. Within the current events around the world, there is an innumerable amount of Public administration disputes that have initiated boundless conflicts in the preparation of a satisfactory policy position for the conflicting sides. Headlines for the previous months have illuminated much of what we know as an environmental justice concern with the direct access Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5. Reflection Of Political Science Political science is a broad topic that covers the history, political and geographical aspect of the world. The course started with a revision on the basics of the constitution, types of power and the political scene that happens around us. My first year at the University, one of the compulsory subject that is required for arts taking students is Political Science 1101. After several years of taking social or political course, taking this course opened my knowledge towards politics and the political scene in Canada. It also taught me about how different ways of information taking could lead to one learning differently from others. For example this class gave us the opportunity to use our laptops as a source of note taking, this helped me learn in which whenever a new vocabulary comes up during the class discussions i could search it up. Through "The Road to Patriation" and Kim Campbell "Through the Looking Glass" i would further emphasize my ideas on what i have learnt throughout the course semester. The concepts provided in the documentary "The Road To Patriation" was about the disagreement between the federal and provincial government of Canada on what to do with their constitution and how they would agree on a formula to bring back the Canadian Constitution from England. After the failure of five prime ministers and several conferences Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau took up the challenge of bringing back the constitution in early 1970 alongside with his Justice Minister Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. A Career as a Political Scientist Essay The career that I decided to do my research on is a Political Scientist. I chose this career because it's something I would want to do for the rest of my life. Politics has a great role in American society. As a political scientist you make the people's voices heard and help up hold the foundations of democracy; whether that is as an elected official, or as an analyst helping senators make key decisions on a bill about to pass in their state, Political scientists make a difference. History The beginning of western politics goes back to the "Socrates" philosophers; which consists of Plato, Xenophon, and Aristotle (who is known as the "father of political science") Most of their most famous works, such as The Republic by Plato,...show more content... The writing of the federalist papers, the constitution, and the declaration of independence; as well as the formation of the American government progressed the study of politics. During the 19th century, the first large scale training of political scientists began at Johns Hopkins University. The keystone schools and professors that really launched political science as a true study were: Woodrow Wilson at Princeton University, Albert Bushnell Hart at Harvard, and William Dunning at Columbia. During the Progressive Era (1890–1929) in the U.S. political science became known as a prestigious university major and was highly studied by the high social class in the United States. In 1903, The American Political Science Association is established, which is still today the largest association of political scientists. The formation of this faction shows that political science by 1903 was starting to become a legitimate study and that the profession has modernized from its roots. Why I Chose This Career I chose political scientist, because it is something I am deeply interested in and something that I believe has great importance in American society. I first became interested in politics when I was 15. The pressing times in our nation, and the will to help pass certain policies that could help my future, as well as the futures of my peers is what motivated me to get motivated. In August of 2012 I got involved with Presidents re–election campaign, and Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7. Essay on Political Science 1) Which of the following constitutes an element of the United States' national political culture?The rights and liberties citizens have 2) No political belief has been more widely held across social groups and generations in the United States than ________. individual liberty 3) The Declaration of Independence asserts the primacy of the principle of ________, that "all men are created equal." equality 4) The fastest growing ethnic group in the United States is ________. Hispanics 5) Why is the location within the United States where immigrants settle politically important? The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives is calculated based on a state's adult population,...show more content... The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives is calculated based on a state's adult population, regardless of legal status. 6) One aspect of the American scene that has tended to impress foreign observers is Americans' tendency to share many basic ________.political values 7) Populism favors the________.
  • 8. ordinary person 8) Concerns about the level of_______ and its impact on regional politics and social cohesion from the 1920s to the 1950s resulted in many restrictions of ________ to the United States. immigration; entry 9) Capitalism in the United States has tended to ________. produce income and wealth inequalities 10) Which of the topics below is most closely associated with capitalism? Property rights 11) In 2008, the federal government's plan to bail out homeowners who could no longer afford to pay their mortgage is a rare example of ________. Americans looking to the government for economic intervention. 12) In the post–World War II era, _______. America's involvement in the global economy has increased1) Which of the following constitutes an element of the United States' national political culture?The rights and liberties citizens have 2) No political belief has been more widely held across social groups and generations in the United States than ________. individual liberty 3) The Declaration of Independence asserts the primacy of the
  • 9. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. We all are interested in the way how things ought to be. How perfect relationship should be, how a perfect society should be, how a perfect government should be. But things are never perfect. We all make mistakes, we aren't completely honest, even though we know how we should behave we don't always behave that way. The difference between the perfection and reality is the difference betweenpolitical science and political philosophy. I believe that the field of political science is indeed in contrast to political philosophy. As I already mentioned, the field of political philosophy concentrates on how things ought to be. It makes normative statements about the world and the society. In Plato's major work Republic, he describes the ...show more content... Aquinas, Aristotle, Augustine, they all have this ideal society where everyone is happy, everyone is just and everyone has secure roles they have to play. Political science understands that it is not always the case and it doesn't assume that people are always kind and always follow the rules. It assumes that people are rational and they will do whatever they need to get more benefits. That's why science creates tools to understand people's behavior and help to direct the society in the right direction. It doesn't have one major end, like a just state in political philosophy, for example, it tries to make small adjustments to implement different policies, Political science studies people's behavior to track the causation and what policies are better suited for the society. Political scientists developed a lot of theories, such as learning theory, socialization, game theory and etc, different analysis like costs–benefits analysis; they create different operationalization concepts and ways to measure different aspects of people's life and behavior. They try to track people's intentions back to their childhood and guess what causes certain behavior. Political scientist study people's life and rely more on empirical evidence such as results surveys, polls or experiments, but also on observations. Political philosophy relies more on observation without any experiment and on the logical process. Political science changes society and Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. Essay on Political Science There has been a serious debate within academia, as to the validity of Political Science being an actual science. Furthermore, there are opposing viewpoints between political science scholars as to the discipline being a social science or a synthesis of natural and social science. One such academic; Charles Merriam asserts that political science has the characteristics of both sciences, because it adapt the study of human behavior to provide an analysis of political institutions. Political scientists in theory espouse the notion that political science borrows elements from the hard sciences in terms of objectivity to scientific inquiry and how governmental institutions function. As a soft science, it is extremely difficult a strictly...show more content... Therefore, through the establishment of knowledge from hard sciences, which enables political scientist to engage in rationale analysis to frame value neutral research topics. Kristen Monroe argues there a division among political methodologists and political theorists, which hinders the validity of the discipline. Moreover, he states that bias plays a factor in formation of theories and scientific methods of academics. Nevertheless, the beliefs of a political scientist may hinder the objectivity of the research. However, in actuality Political theory is reflection of the personnel viewpoint on the political theorist. In theory, Political Scientists adhere to the same principle as their counterparts, because they arrive at their theories through review of literature and engaging an open dialogue on a particular issue. Gabriel Almond supports Monroe assertion that political scientists are divided between methodological and ideological lines. More importantly, the lack of objectivity between political theorists diminishes the validity of Political Science being an actual science. Political Science deals with the empirical study of the fundamental principles governing political behavior, ideology, governments, and political institutions. The discipline is considered a social science, because using the empirical of study of social and political Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. Political Philosophy And Political Science As centuries have passed, political thought has undergone constant development and together with its development are changes. These changes had a tremendous effect in the discipline. Political philosophy continued to progress which affected both political theory and political science. It seems that with the progression of political philosophy, there was a growing need for the the discipline to become more scientific. They wanted it to be based on facts, to become value–free and to be precise. Political philosophy started veering away from the classics. Despite the continuous need to be scientific, there were still groups which remained inclined to the classics and believed that the traditions and values are essential in studying the discipline. These conflicting views concerning the traditionalists and the behavioralists caused the gap between political philosophy and political science and eventually the two separated. So it seems that as political philosophy progress, political science branched outside the academe and political theory, as it grew larger became more and more alienated. In order to explain...show more content... The cause of this was the emigres that came to the United States. They isolated political theory from the behavioral political science. As a result according to John Gunnell, scholars under political theory was attached to the normative political theory. They wanted to learn and understand the politics or the practices of politics without methods of science since they were rejecting it, instead they preferred to practice the philosophical and historical process which the importance of values in research are highlighted. Though it seems that political theory has joined with political philosophy, it is not the case since at most political theory has become so wide and encompassing that it has seemingly replaced political Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. Political Science SUBJECT: "With the help of relevant examples from Zambia, discuss the sustainability of the Politics–Administration Dichotomy " FROM:PATRICK. M. CHALWE P O BOX 510659, CHIPATA, ZAMBIA 1.0INTRODUCTION Concepts of 'politics–administration dichotomy' have been a part of emancipatory discourse and practices for the last decades. Advocates of these concepts have claimed that the responsibilities and accountabilities of the politicians (elected) and the bureaucrats (employees) must be separate in concept and practice. But the question still being asked is whether there can be sustainability of this separation of politics and administration. This exercise/ assignment looks at convergences between approaches towards...show more content... Given the importance of the relationship of politicians to staff to sound governance, it is not surprising that there is a long history of attempts to develop principles or models for approaching this issue. One idea that has such a long history and shown remarkable durability is that politics can and should be separated from administration. First introduced in 1887 by Woodrow Wilson (who later became President of the United States), the doctrine, despite repeated critiques from academics and practitioners such as Herbert Simon (1976), never seems to die. The Commission of Inquiry into the Sponsorship Program and Advertising Activities (2006) is the latest Canadian advocate for separating politics from administration. Its final report published in February of this year stated that The responsibilities and accountabilities of the public service should not, however, be the subject of partisan debate. Parliament has explicitly and unequivocally assigned broad powers for administration to the public service. Its intention in so doing is to ensure that the administration of government and of government programs is conducted in a non–partisan manner under laws, rules and regulations. According to John Graham (2006) two European scholars French and Folz, sum up the case against this
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  • 15. The Study of Political Science Essay Political science includes a wide range of topics that attempts to describe and explain the political process, politics, and the relationship among governments. As American citizens we should all be informed and be educated about all these above topics. We as citizens cannot be unconscious of our government as the government can make or break our lives. The general areas of study in political science include American government and politics, political theory, public administration, public law, comparative politics and international relations. Political science is the study of people's behavior as it relates to control the public organizations. The concept is normally divided into six subcategories: Political philosophy– which deals with...show more content... The next category is the nation public law– which involves the judicial process, civil rights, liberties and the importance of such terms as equal opportunity and due process in the United States. The following category is Comparative government which raises the same questions of politics, administration and law about other countries. Moreover, it also moves towards conclusion based on comparison between them. Finally, International politics deals with relations between the states and other international actors, such as multinational corporations, the United Nations and with the fundamental realities of power based on resources, wealth, military care and national security. All these may directly and indirectly affect our lives as citizens. A major in political science prepares students for law school, government employment on the local, state and national levels, foreign service, teaching, business, journalism, or leadership in civic and political activities. For pre–law students, the department provides a series of law–related courses. There is a pre–law adviser and an active Pre–law Society that enable students to make close and direct contact with the work of attorneys and judges. Moreover political science is important since it makes citizens familiar with their legal system. If people don't understand the law of the land, people Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. Importance And Importance Of Political Science Table of Context 1. INTRODUCTION2 2. DEFINITION2 2.1 Political Science2 3. SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDYING POLITICAL SCIENCES2 4. REASONS TO STUDY POLITICAL SCIENCES3 5. THE CONCEPT OF POWER3 5.1 Political Power4 5.2 Political Authority4 6. BENEFITS OF STUDYING POLITICAL SCIENCES4 7. POLITICAL SCIENCES AS A MAJOR5 8. CONCLUSION5 LIST OF REFERENCES7 1. INTRODUCTION The following essay will discuss the importance of choosing political science as a major and the benefits that come with it. The assignment will first define political sciences and elaborate on its advantages. The essay will critical analyze how studying political sciences will help you in society and also how it will help you in different fields of employment. Finally...show more content... Students who study political science are taught how to think and critically analyze different situations in society this will help them in the jobs they will acquire in the future. Political scientist students also acquire skills in research and writing. This will help them with development quantative skills. Any student studying political sciences has a variety of jobs to choose from where they can obtain top management or executive positions. Political science students can become lawyers, government officials teachers, create their own business and even do teaching. One can also go into international relations. Studying the relationships of countries, how the countries in the global system interact with one another and their reasons for that. In international relations students also look at foreign policies and how these policies affect the global economy and political system of the world. Students will also learn about human rights violations and globalisation. The study of politics has a lot of fields to choose from and with the skills one has acquired from studying politics finding a job will not be as difficult like in other degrees (Harris,
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  • 18. Political Science Reflection When I registered for this course I first thought that I was going to have a hard time understanding this class. I thought we would have to give speeches in this class and do debates. Chapters 7, 8, and 9 were the chapters that interested me the most because it talked about interest groups, political parties, and the campaigns and elections in America. When I started taking this course, I began to learn about how political power is distributed, how different the governments operate and interact, and how the rules are made and enforced. Politics virtually affect every aspect of our lives. This includes the availability of housing, healthcare, education, and jobs. Political science is being able to understand and to explain the world of politics that is all around us. We have all participated in politics in some way, and the majority of the time we don't even know. I thought politics was just about voting in an election or being part of the government, but politics is much more than that. Interest groups, political parties, and the campaigns and elections in America, are a few of the many examples of political activity in our everyday lives. In this class, we were able to discuss the basic concepts such as government, democracy, and power. Discussing these basic concepts has made me think about the world around me, and my place in it. Once I understood the many concepts discussed in class, we then began to study in class the connections between them. This is so that we could Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 19. Prior going to this class I did not know what I was going to expect. In a large class room more than 70 students, how will the instructor going to handle us to be in a respectful matter in other people's thoughts and opinions. I knew that this class was going to mainly focus on government. I did not know what else I was going to learn. This was the first time I was going to take this course and I got a lot out of it. In this class, I have grown in my political knowledge and where I stand for my opinions and views. I learned so much taking this class and I recommend all students take this course. Anyone who lives in America should take a political science class to know about the government and political knowledge and to be able to have a public opinion. Stepping into this class the first day the instructor had the students to score out of one through ten and how much we trusted the government. I rated my score a 6 and after discussing and finding out what the government controls. I have changed my score to a higher score in trusting in the government. Learning so much about how much the government is involved with people's lives and has a huge power authority in the United States. I have more trust in the government and seeing and learning what little things they have control over to the big things they have control over is now knowing I built my trust in the government a lot more than before coming to class. I change my mind because of the knowledge I was missing and put me Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20. Similarities Of Political Science And Politics Political science is hard to define; it could be the study of politics and power of the U.S., international, and correlative viewpoint. It requires an understanding of political ideas, ideologies, institutions, policies, processes, and behavior, as well as groups, classes, government, diplomacy, law, strategy, and war.Political Science does involve the study of politics, but it also encompasses the study of political systems around the world, including the structure and functioning of different governments in every region of the world. Involves the study of politics, such as the factors that cause people to vote a certain way, public confidence in the governing structures, and divisions within electorates that help to understand the viewpoints of different cultural/ethnic groups or socioeconomic classes toward various issues and politicians. It is not about the study of the real world, but only about those features of the world that can be explored by methods deemed to be scientific. However, it is not a science; political scientist did not predict that rise of al Qaida or ISIS. They cannot predict how society or the world will turn out. Contrast political science with politics. Political Science Politics Deals with the science of politics. Refers to the affairs of the state. Deals with the origin of politics, forms of government in various countries, the various rights of people in a country, the role of the ruling party and the opposition party, and such other Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 21. Political Science Essay Biology LabPaq / Published by: Hands–On Labs, Inc. sales@HOLscience.com / www.HOLscience.com / Toll Free 866.206.0773 A laboratory Manual of Small–Scale Experiments for the independent Study of general Biology 50–0053–BK–02 LabPaqВ¼ is a registered trademark of Hands–On Labs, Inc. (HOL). The LabPaq referenced in this manual is produced by Hands–On Labs, Inc. which holds and reserves all copyrights on experiences. The laboratory manual included with a LabPaq is intended for the sole use by that years of research and development into these materials, reserves all rights related to them, and Published by: Hands–On Labs, Inc. 3880 S. Windermere St. Englewood, CO 80110 Phone: Denver Area: 303–679–6252 Toll–free,...show more content... Cleanup: can. Discard used pipets and other waste in your normal trash. Return cleaned equipment and supplies to their LabPaq box and store the box out of reach of children and pets. your Lab Report. If you have properly followed all the above steps, the conclusion will be easy. www.HOLscience.com 8
  • 22. © Hands–On Labs, Inc. Introduction Safety Concerns CAUTioN for Women: If you are pregnant or could be pregnant, you should seek advice from your personal physician before doing any type of science experimentation. You, as a responsible science student and researcher, are solely responsible for safely storing manner. Items in your LabPaq can be especially dangerous to children and pets, so the LabPaq should always be kept safely stored out of their reach. The LabPaq may contain acids or other chemicals that can cause burns if mishandled plus serious illness and/or death if consumed. cause injury. LabPaqs contain small items and materials that could cause choking, injury, or death if misused. not necessarily dangerous, they can pose hazards which means you should always undertake to take measurements, make sure any stool, chair, or ladder you use is sturdy and take ample to ensure that items cannot go astray and cause injury to people or property. If you or anyone accidentally consumes or otherwise comes into contact with a substance that could be toxic or cannot be easily washed away, immediately call: Your Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 23. Political Science Reflection Political science is a broad topic. I started the course by reviewing the basics of the constitution, which includes the history. My first year at the University, one of the compulsory subject that is required for arts taking students is Political Science 1101. It's been a long time since i took any social or political course. Taking this course opened my knowledge towards politics and the political scene, taught me about how different ways of taking informations could lead to one learning differently from others. For example this class gave us the opportunity to use our laptops as a source of note taking, this helped me learn in which whenever a new vocabulary comes up during the class discussions i could search it up. Through "The Road ...show more content... Lastly, this documentary made me realize why Canada is a bilingual country, which is due to the language right associated with Quebec and Canada. The idea of Quebec wanting to be known as an independent country arose during the patriation of the Constitution in other words they wanted to be free from Federal conflicts. The premier of Quebec, RenГ© LevГ©sque, believed that within Canada, there can be no Quebec (3:31–3:38). He formed the " La Parti Quebecois" because he wanted more for his province of authority. Along with this, he also wanted to acquire the Language Right or Act from the Constitution. (1:08:56–1:09:17) However, Trudeau opposed the belief of Levesque, he believed that without Quebec, there can be no Canada. (3:31–3:38). He fought Levesque with the Canadian Bill of Rights, which gave the population of Quebec the opportunity for their voices to be heard.(17:11–17:17). Writing an essay on this documentary was a great experience in which i had no idea on what Patriation was about and neither why a country needed Patriation. Also made me realize some of the positives and negatives towards getting a country patriated. Some positives include having the rights and freedom to make amendments to a country's constitution, updating Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 24. The Political Of Political Science Essay Introduction: According to Aristotle"Man is by nature a political animal and he only by nature and by mere accident is without state is either above humanity or below it" Political science is ultimately related with the word politics which is derived from the Greek word "Polis".The origin of political thought in the west and therefore goes back to the Greece.Political science is the study of the state and the government.And political philosophy is considersd to be a sub discipline of political science.However it is a political theory,a discipline which has a closer methodology to the theoretical fields in the social sciences.So,political philosophy is the study of topics such as politics,liberty,justice,rights,property,law and the enforcement of a legal code by authority.(Agarwal,2013) In short political philosophy is the activity with all the philosophers such as Plato,Aristotle,Machiavelli,KarlMarx,JohnHobbes,Locke,Rousseau whereby the conceptual apparatus behind such concepts as afore mentioned are analysed in their history,intent and evaluation.Political philosophy has been practiced for as long as human beings have regarded their collective arrngements no as immutable and part of the natural oder but as potentially open to changes and therefore as standing in need of political justification.It can be found in many different cultures and has taken a wide variety of forms.There are two reasons for these diversity.First the methods and approaches used by by political Get more content on HelpWriting.net