Policy Briefing 2 2 09
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The document summarizes U.S. arms transfers to Israel from 2001-2008 under the Bush Administration. It reports that the U.S. provided over $31 billion in weapons to Israel during this period through programs like Foreign Military Sales, Direct Commercial Sales, and Excess Defense Articles. It also notes that these U.S. weapons were used by Israel in military operations that killed over 1,300 Palestinians, including many civilians, during Operation Cast Lead in 2008-2009. The document concludes by calling for policy changes to condition future U.S. military aid and ensure weapons are only used for legitimate self-defense.
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Bills 113hr5315ih
This bill authorizes the President to transfer certain military equipment currently in Iraq and Afghanistan to the Government of Ukraine on a lease basis. The military equipment that can be transferred includes anti-tank and anti-aircraft weapons, small arms, vehicles, body armor, and other defensive equipment requested by Ukraine. The bill is intended to provide military aid to Ukraine but does not authorize the use of military force.
Checks on presidential powers
This document summarizes the various checks on presidential power in the US system of government. It outlines both formal checks from Congress and the courts established in the Constitution, as well as informal checks from public opinion, the media, partisan politics, interest groups, and other oversight mechanisms. Key formal checks discussed include Congress's power to make laws, override vetoes, declare war, and impeach the president as well as the judiciary's power of judicial review.
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This document is a bill being considered in the US Senate that aims to amend the Hong Kong Policy Act of 1992. Key points:
1) It would require the Secretary of State to annually certify to Congress whether Hong Kong continues to warrant separate treatment from China under US laws based on its autonomy.
2) The certification would consider factors like rule of law, civil liberties, and obligations in the Sino-British Joint Declaration and Hong Kong Basic Law.
3) It also outlines US policy goals of supporting Hong Kong's high degree of autonomy and democratic freedoms as guaranteed in the Joint Declaration and Basic Law.
Bills 113hr5782ih
This document is a bill introduced in the US House of Representatives on December 2, 2014 to impose sanctions on Russia and provide additional assistance to Ukraine. Key points:
- It proposes sanctions on Russian entities involved in the defense sector like Rosoboronexport and those assisting Syria.
- It allows sanctions on foreign persons significantly investing in Russian energy projects or withholding natural gas from European countries.
- Sanctions could include restrictions on US export-import bank assistance, government contracts, arms/dual-use exports, and financial transactions.
- The bill also aims to increase military and other assistance for Ukraine's government.
operation desert shield coverage
The BBC devoted its national radio station BBC Radio 4 to rolling news coverage of the Gulf War, creating Radio 4 News FM. This short-lived station ended after President Bush's ceasefire declaration. Two BBC journalists defied orders to remain in Baghdad and reported on the progress of the war, including footage of a cruise missile turning at a traffic light. Newspapers worldwide also covered the war extensively, with Time magazine publishing a special issue on the first day of the conflict.
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This document is a bill introduced in the US Senate on September 16, 2014 to impose sanctions on Russia and provide additional assistance to Ukraine. It was reported out of committee with amendments on September 18, 2014. The bill defines key terms and outlines a policy of further assisting Ukraine to restore its sovereignty and territorial integrity in response to Russian actions. It proposes sanctions on Russian defense and energy sectors, including on specific entities. The sanctions could include restrictions on US export-import bank assistance, government procurement, arms exports, and dual-use exports.
LETTER FROM SECRETARY BROWN TO VANDEN BOEYNANTS
WE FULLY RECOGNIZE THE KEY ROLE THAT BELGIUM PLAYED IN FORMING THE F-16 CONSORTIUM, WHICH WILL BE SO IMPORTANT IN THE STRENGTHENING OF ALLIANCE AIR CAPABILITIES. AND, OF COURSE, YOU PERSONALLY CARRIED THE DAY IN PRESERVING BELGIAN PARTICIPATION IN THE HAWK BELT.
Protecting Ukraine sovereignty act of 2022
This document is a bill introduced in the U.S. Senate to counter Russian aggression against Ukraine and Eastern European allies. It aims to expedite security assistance to Ukraine to bolster its defense capabilities, impose sanctions on Russia relating to its actions in Ukraine, and develop strategies to strengthen Ukraine's defenses and regional security cooperation. Key provisions include prioritizing delivery of excess U.S. defense equipment to Ukraine, using defense funds and leases to provide arms more quickly, and authorizing additional foreign military financing and training for Ukraine.
Recommended
Bills 113hr5315ih
This bill authorizes the President to transfer certain military equipment currently in Iraq and Afghanistan to the Government of Ukraine on a lease basis. The military equipment that can be transferred includes anti-tank and anti-aircraft weapons, small arms, vehicles, body armor, and other defensive equipment requested by Ukraine. The bill is intended to provide military aid to Ukraine but does not authorize the use of military force.
Checks on presidential powers
This document summarizes the various checks on presidential power in the US system of government. It outlines both formal checks from Congress and the courts established in the Constitution, as well as informal checks from public opinion, the media, partisan politics, interest groups, and other oversight mechanisms. Key formal checks discussed include Congress's power to make laws, override vetoes, declare war, and impeach the president as well as the judiciary's power of judicial review.
Hong kong human_rights_and_democracy_act__h.r._3289
This document is a bill being considered in the US Senate that aims to amend the Hong Kong Policy Act of 1992. Key points:
1) It would require the Secretary of State to annually certify to Congress whether Hong Kong continues to warrant separate treatment from China under US laws based on its autonomy.
2) The certification would consider factors like rule of law, civil liberties, and obligations in the Sino-British Joint Declaration and Hong Kong Basic Law.
3) It also outlines US policy goals of supporting Hong Kong's high degree of autonomy and democratic freedoms as guaranteed in the Joint Declaration and Basic Law.
Bills 113hr5782ih
This document is a bill introduced in the US House of Representatives on December 2, 2014 to impose sanctions on Russia and provide additional assistance to Ukraine. Key points:
- It proposes sanctions on Russian entities involved in the defense sector like Rosoboronexport and those assisting Syria.
- It allows sanctions on foreign persons significantly investing in Russian energy projects or withholding natural gas from European countries.
- Sanctions could include restrictions on US export-import bank assistance, government contracts, arms/dual-use exports, and financial transactions.
- The bill also aims to increase military and other assistance for Ukraine's government.
operation desert shield coverage
The BBC devoted its national radio station BBC Radio 4 to rolling news coverage of the Gulf War, creating Radio 4 News FM. This short-lived station ended after President Bush's ceasefire declaration. Two BBC journalists defied orders to remain in Baghdad and reported on the progress of the war, including footage of a cruise missile turning at a traffic light. Newspapers worldwide also covered the war extensively, with Time magazine publishing a special issue on the first day of the conflict.
US draft sanctions on russia - senate version (Sept 2014)
This document is a bill introduced in the US Senate on September 16, 2014 to impose sanctions on Russia and provide additional assistance to Ukraine. It was reported out of committee with amendments on September 18, 2014. The bill defines key terms and outlines a policy of further assisting Ukraine to restore its sovereignty and territorial integrity in response to Russian actions. It proposes sanctions on Russian defense and energy sectors, including on specific entities. The sanctions could include restrictions on US export-import bank assistance, government procurement, arms exports, and dual-use exports.
LETTER FROM SECRETARY BROWN TO VANDEN BOEYNANTS
WE FULLY RECOGNIZE THE KEY ROLE THAT BELGIUM PLAYED IN FORMING THE F-16 CONSORTIUM, WHICH WILL BE SO IMPORTANT IN THE STRENGTHENING OF ALLIANCE AIR CAPABILITIES. AND, OF COURSE, YOU PERSONALLY CARRIED THE DAY IN PRESERVING BELGIAN PARTICIPATION IN THE HAWK BELT.
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This document is a bill introduced in the U.S. Senate to counter Russian aggression against Ukraine and Eastern European allies. It aims to expedite security assistance to Ukraine to bolster its defense capabilities, impose sanctions on Russia relating to its actions in Ukraine, and develop strategies to strengthen Ukraine's defenses and regional security cooperation. Key provisions include prioritizing delivery of excess U.S. defense equipment to Ukraine, using defense funds and leases to provide arms more quickly, and authorizing additional foreign military financing and training for Ukraine.
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The Senate Committee on Foreign Relations met to discuss the potential effects of American energy exports on foreign relations, national defense, and global economic stability. Senators noted that the U.S. is the world's largest oil and natural gas producer and could help allies by ending dependence on Iran, Russia, and Venezuela. Witnesses testified that increasing U.S. energy exports could enhance national security by diversifying supply and reducing price volatility, as well as strengthen relationships with allies by providing an alternative to hostile countries. However, one witness asserted that the U.S. remains overly dependent on foreign oil imports and a national security strategy is needed before further liberalizing oil exports.
Senate Foreign Relations - Energy Exports
The Senate Committee on Foreign Relations met to discuss the potential effects of American energy exports on foreign relations, national defense, and global economic stability. Senators noted that the U.S. is the world's largest oil and natural gas producer and could help allies by ending dependence on Iran, Russia, and Venezuela. Witnesses testified that increasing U.S. energy exports could strengthen national security by diversifying supply and reducing price volatility, while also allowing European countries to tighten sanctions on Russia. However, one witness asserted that the U.S. remains overly dependent on foreign oil and a national security policy should be enacted before lifting restrictions on crude oil exports.
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The document discusses the justification for the 1974-1975 loan pursued by the Whitlam government in Australia. It summarizes that the loan was justified as nation building to achieve Australian control over energy resources after the end of the Bretton Woods agreement increased foreign influence. However, internal politics and a power struggle within the government led to a breakdown in communication and discipline, resulting in the "Loans Affair" scandal that contributed to the demise of the Whitlam government.
US sanctions
This bill seeks to strengthen NATO, combat international cybercrime, and impose additional sanctions on Russia. It contains 7 titles addressing: 1) matters relating to NATO, including opposition to US withdrawal and strengthening the alliance; 2) public diplomacy at the Department of State; 3) chemical weapons nonproliferation; 4) international cybercrime prevention; 5) election interference; 6) expanding Russia sanctions in coordination with the EU; and 7) other Russia-related matters such as fusion centers and aid to Europe/Eurasia. The bill expresses the sense of Congress that the President should condemn Russian interference and support Ukraine/Georgia/Moldova against Russian aggression.
S 2828 as reported
This bill aims to impose sanctions on Russia in response to its actions in Ukraine. It would impose sanctions on Russia's defense and energy sectors, including its largest defense firm Rosoboronexport and persons investing in Russian oil projects. It would also codify existing executive orders on sanctions. The bill seeks to further assist Ukraine by providing military and nonmilitary aid and expanding broadcasting in former Soviet states.
The 1970s
The 1970s saw major political and social changes around the world. The United States landed on the moon and signed nuclear arms treaties with the USSR. The decade also saw the Watergate scandal, the Iranian Revolution, and the Soviets invade Afghanistan over concerns about expanding influence in Asia. The invasion led to millions of refugees and deaths in Afghanistan and contributed to the degradation of the Soviet image and weakening of their economy.
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Witty powerpoint title
The three administrations of Nixon, Ford, and Carter harmed Americans overall according to the document. Nixon delayed desegregation and opposed voting rights expansion while the Watergate scandal occurred. Ford pardoned Nixon and the economy experienced high inflation and unemployment under his leadership. Carter pardoned draft dodgers, lost détente with the Soviet Union, and struggled with high inflation and unemployment as well as the Iran hostage crisis.
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This document summarizes U.S. arms transfers to Israel from 1949-2018. It details that the U.S. has provided over $31 billion in arms to Israel during the Bush administration through programs like Foreign Military Sales and Direct Commercial Sales. It also notes that these arms have likely been used to kill over 2,000 Palestinian civilians from 2001-2008. The document concludes by calling for conditioning future U.S. military aid and arms sales to Israel to protect innocent Palestinians and ensure weapons are only used for legitimate self-defense.
Soc345 military america
The document provides information on military personnel and expenditures for various countries from 2008. It notes that the United States has the 3rd largest active military size at 1.54 million personnel. It also discusses US military facilities globally, instances of US military conflicts abroad since 1798, the over 22 million US veterans as of 2010, and costs of US wars in Afghanistan, Iraq and the "Global War on Terror" surpassing $1 trillion. Casualties of US and coalition forces in Afghanistan and Iraq are also listed.
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The economic disaster that is military keynesianism
by Chalmers Johnson
Le Monde Diplomatique February 2008
Global confidence in the US economy has reached zero, as was
proved by last month’s stock market meltdown. But there is an
enormous anomaly in the US economy above and beyond the
subprime mortgage crisis, the housing bubble and the prospect
of recession: 60 years of misallocation of resources, and
borrowings, to the establishment and maintenance of a militaryindustrial
complex as the basis of the nation’s economic life
The military adventurers in the Bush administration have much
in common with the corporate leaders of the defunct energy
company Enron. Both groups thought that they were the
“smartest guys in the room” — the title of Alex Gibney’s prizewinning
film on what went wrong at Enron. The
neoconservatives in the White House and the Pentagon
outsmarted themselves. They failed even to address the
problem of how to finance their schemes of imperialist wars and
global domination.
As a result, going into 2008, the United States finds itself in the
anomalous position of being unable to pay for its own elevated
living standards or its wasteful, overly large military
establishment. Its government no longer even attempts to
reduce the ruinous expenses of maintaining huge standing
armies, replacing the equipment that seven years of wars have
destroyed or worn out, or preparing for a war in outer space
against unknown adversaries. Instead, the Bush administration
puts off these costs for future generations to pay or repudiate.
This fiscal irresponsibility has been disguised through many
manipulative financial schemes (causing poorer countries to
lend us unprecedented sums of money), but the time of
reckoning is fast approaching.
There are three broad aspects to the US debt crisis. First, in the
current fiscal year (2008) we are spending insane amounts of
money on “defence” projects that bear no relation to the national
security of the US. We are also keeping the income tax burdens
on the richest segment of the population at strikingly low levels.
Second, we continue to believe that we can compensate for the
accelerating erosion of our base and our loss of jobs to foreign
countries through massive military expenditures — “military
Keynesianism” (which I discuss in detail in my book Nemesis:
The Last Days of the American Republic). By that, I mean the
mistaken belief that public policies focused on frequent wars,
huge expenditures on weapons and munitions, and large
standing armies can indefinitely sustain a wealthy capitalist
economy. The opposite is actually true.
Third, in our devotion to militarism (despite our limited
resources), we are failing to invest in our social infrastructure
and other requirements for the long-term health of the US.
These are what economists call opportunity .
Arms Industry and Conflict Non-Liability
Although the global arms trade is estimated to be worth around US$100 billion annually and thus comprises significant share of world merchandise trade, the industry seldom features in business research. The question that has remained particularly unaddressed whether arms manufacturers adhere to corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability principles, as is required of other business sectors. Utilising available secondary data on the global arms industry, this chapter seeks to identify the major arms export-import countries and to uncover some forms of government support, mostly in the developed world. Drawing further from NGO and IGO sources, this research aims to make the connection with the full cost of devastation, economic decline and reconstruction caused in armed conflict that is invariably borne by citizens there and in other countries. The author argues that the arms industry ought not to be subsidised by taxpayers and allowed to make claims to being socially responsible, but held co-liable internationally with its clients and discriminated against by investors for producing socio-economically harmful products. Perhaps then its continued growth might be abated and more sustainable use of its industrial capacity be incentivised instead.
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This document provides background information on military spending in the United States. It discusses how military spending as a percentage of GDP has fluctuated over time, peaking during WWII and periods of war and declining during peacetime. It reviews literature on factors that influence public support for the military and military spending, such as perceptions of foreign threat, nationalism, and wartime contexts. The document also summarizes public opinion polls on support for specific wars like Vietnam and the Persian Gulf War. The overall purpose is to understand what drives public appreciation and support for the military and military spending.
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This document discusses the military capabilities and security strategies of China and Japan, and how they will affect the future of East Asia. It outlines the growing military strength of both countries, including their budgets, personnel, equipment, and naval and coastal forces. It also examines the complex political relationship between China and Japan, noting a history of both cooperation and tension. The document argues that while increased military capabilities may lead to further mistrust, globalization encourages cooperation, and both countries would benefit from confidence-building measures and multilateral cooperation to help reduce security dilemmas and prevent regional instability.
War In Iraq
The document summarizes information about nuclear weapons, including:
- The US currently has over 10,000 nuclear warheads, with some deployed in NATO countries.
- The US is the only country to have used nuclear weapons in war against Japan in 1945.
- Nuclear weapons pose catastrophic humanitarian and environmental risks that persist for generations.
- Billions are spent annually to maintain nuclear arsenals that could otherwise fund health, education and development needs.
- Events are planned on August 6-9, 2005 at nuclear weapons sites to commemorate Hiroshima and Nagasaki and call for nuclear abolition and an end to war.
Moral Investments End The Occupation
The document discusses the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and argues that it is primarily about land and profits rather than an ancient struggle. It describes how Israeli settlements in the occupied West Bank displace Palestinians and are enabled by support from the US government and military contractors. Companies are listed that provide weapons, equipment, or services to Israel that are alleged to support the occupation.
Bilmes Natonal Press Club: Iraq War costs
This document summarizes a briefing given by Linda Bilmes of Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government on February 13, 2008 about the costs of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. In 3 sentences: The direct costs of the wars have already exceeded $845 billion and are estimated to eventually total over $3 trillion when including future veterans' health care and interest on debt. Over 4,400 US troops have died and over 67,000 have been wounded, while costs continue mounting at a rate of $12 billion per month in Iraq alone. The full economic and social costs of the wars, which include higher oil prices and impacts on veterans and their families, may exceed $4 trillion.
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The document discusses how the US budget of $95 billion allocated for Ukraine, Israel, and humanitarian aid is actually being used to counter Russia and prepare for World War 3. It notes that $99 billion of the budget is for resisting Russian attacks or invading Russia, which is 1/3 of the US's internal budget for guns and ammunition, a large amount to support a country 1/10 the size of the US. It argues that the conflict started with disputes over control of Ukraine and Crimea between Russia and NATO countries. It also discusses how Israel is heavily supported by the US budget and invading Palestine and other countries, indicating preparation for a larger war against Muslim nations.
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The Senate Committee on Foreign Relations met to discuss the potential effects of American energy exports on foreign relations, national defense, and global economic stability. Senators noted that the U.S. is the world's largest oil and natural gas producer and could help allies by ending dependence on Iran, Russia, and Venezuela. Witnesses testified that increasing U.S. energy exports could enhance national security by diversifying supply and reducing price volatility, as well as strengthen relationships with allies by providing an alternative to hostile countries. However, one witness asserted that the U.S. remains overly dependent on foreign oil imports and a national security strategy is needed before further liberalizing oil exports.
Senate Foreign Relations - Energy Exports
The Senate Committee on Foreign Relations met to discuss the potential effects of American energy exports on foreign relations, national defense, and global economic stability. Senators noted that the U.S. is the world's largest oil and natural gas producer and could help allies by ending dependence on Iran, Russia, and Venezuela. Witnesses testified that increasing U.S. energy exports could strengthen national security by diversifying supply and reducing price volatility, while also allowing European countries to tighten sanctions on Russia. However, one witness asserted that the U.S. remains overly dependent on foreign oil and a national security policy should be enacted before lifting restrictions on crude oil exports.
!!FINAL COPY Capstone Research task, Callum Craigie
The document discusses the justification for the 1974-1975 loan pursued by the Whitlam government in Australia. It summarizes that the loan was justified as nation building to achieve Australian control over energy resources after the end of the Bretton Woods agreement increased foreign influence. However, internal politics and a power struggle within the government led to a breakdown in communication and discipline, resulting in the "Loans Affair" scandal that contributed to the demise of the Whitlam government.
US sanctions
This bill seeks to strengthen NATO, combat international cybercrime, and impose additional sanctions on Russia. It contains 7 titles addressing: 1) matters relating to NATO, including opposition to US withdrawal and strengthening the alliance; 2) public diplomacy at the Department of State; 3) chemical weapons nonproliferation; 4) international cybercrime prevention; 5) election interference; 6) expanding Russia sanctions in coordination with the EU; and 7) other Russia-related matters such as fusion centers and aid to Europe/Eurasia. The bill expresses the sense of Congress that the President should condemn Russian interference and support Ukraine/Georgia/Moldova against Russian aggression.
S 2828 as reported
This bill aims to impose sanctions on Russia in response to its actions in Ukraine. It would impose sanctions on Russia's defense and energy sectors, including its largest defense firm Rosoboronexport and persons investing in Russian oil projects. It would also codify existing executive orders on sanctions. The bill seeks to further assist Ukraine by providing military and nonmilitary aid and expanding broadcasting in former Soviet states.
The 1970s
The 1970s saw major political and social changes around the world. The United States landed on the moon and signed nuclear arms treaties with the USSR. The decade also saw the Watergate scandal, the Iranian Revolution, and the Soviets invade Afghanistan over concerns about expanding influence in Asia. The invasion led to millions of refugees and deaths in Afghanistan and contributed to the degradation of the Soviet image and weakening of their economy.
THE ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2020
Hoarding will not be considered an illegal offence unless price is doubled of any essential commodity.
Any common man will consider it as anti-farmer and pro-corporate.
Witty powerpoint title
The three administrations of Nixon, Ford, and Carter harmed Americans overall according to the document. Nixon delayed desegregation and opposed voting rights expansion while the Watergate scandal occurred. Ford pardoned Nixon and the economy experienced high inflation and unemployment under his leadership. Carter pardoned draft dodgers, lost détente with the Soviet Union, and struggled with high inflation and unemployment as well as the Iran hostage crisis.
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!!FINAL COPY Capstone Research task, Callum Craigie
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This document summarizes U.S. arms transfers to Israel from 1949-2018. It details that the U.S. has provided over $31 billion in arms to Israel during the Bush administration through programs like Foreign Military Sales and Direct Commercial Sales. It also notes that these arms have likely been used to kill over 2,000 Palestinian civilians from 2001-2008. The document concludes by calling for conditioning future U.S. military aid and arms sales to Israel to protect innocent Palestinians and ensure weapons are only used for legitimate self-defense.
Soc345 military america
The document provides information on military personnel and expenditures for various countries from 2008. It notes that the United States has the 3rd largest active military size at 1.54 million personnel. It also discusses US military facilities globally, instances of US military conflicts abroad since 1798, the over 22 million US veterans as of 2010, and costs of US wars in Afghanistan, Iraq and the "Global War on Terror" surpassing $1 trillion. Casualties of US and coalition forces in Afghanistan and Iraq are also listed.
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This PPT provides an in-depth analysis of the international arms trade, covering its history, regulations, and the challenges associated with controlling the flow of weapons
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Why the US has really gone broke
The economic disaster that is military keynesianism
by Chalmers Johnson
Le Monde Diplomatique February 2008
Global confidence in the US economy has reached zero, as was
proved by last month’s stock market meltdown. But there is an
enormous anomaly in the US economy above and beyond the
subprime mortgage crisis, the housing bubble and the prospect
of recession: 60 years of misallocation of resources, and
borrowings, to the establishment and maintenance of a militaryindustrial
complex as the basis of the nation’s economic life
The military adventurers in the Bush administration have much
in common with the corporate leaders of the defunct energy
company Enron. Both groups thought that they were the
“smartest guys in the room” — the title of Alex Gibney’s prizewinning
film on what went wrong at Enron. The
neoconservatives in the White House and the Pentagon
outsmarted themselves. They failed even to address the
problem of how to finance their schemes of imperialist wars and
global domination.
As a result, going into 2008, the United States finds itself in the
anomalous position of being unable to pay for its own elevated
living standards or its wasteful, overly large military
establishment. Its government no longer even attempts to
reduce the ruinous expenses of maintaining huge standing
armies, replacing the equipment that seven years of wars have
destroyed or worn out, or preparing for a war in outer space
against unknown adversaries. Instead, the Bush administration
puts off these costs for future generations to pay or repudiate.
This fiscal irresponsibility has been disguised through many
manipulative financial schemes (causing poorer countries to
lend us unprecedented sums of money), but the time of
reckoning is fast approaching.
There are three broad aspects to the US debt crisis. First, in the
current fiscal year (2008) we are spending insane amounts of
money on “defence” projects that bear no relation to the national
security of the US. We are also keeping the income tax burdens
on the richest segment of the population at strikingly low levels.
Second, we continue to believe that we can compensate for the
accelerating erosion of our base and our loss of jobs to foreign
countries through massive military expenditures — “military
Keynesianism” (which I discuss in detail in my book Nemesis:
The Last Days of the American Republic). By that, I mean the
mistaken belief that public policies focused on frequent wars,
huge expenditures on weapons and munitions, and large
standing armies can indefinitely sustain a wealthy capitalist
economy. The opposite is actually true.
Third, in our devotion to militarism (despite our limited
resources), we are failing to invest in our social infrastructure
and other requirements for the long-term health of the US.
These are what economists call opportunity .
Arms Industry and Conflict Non-Liability
Although the global arms trade is estimated to be worth around US$100 billion annually and thus comprises significant share of world merchandise trade, the industry seldom features in business research. The question that has remained particularly unaddressed whether arms manufacturers adhere to corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability principles, as is required of other business sectors. Utilising available secondary data on the global arms industry, this chapter seeks to identify the major arms export-import countries and to uncover some forms of government support, mostly in the developed world. Drawing further from NGO and IGO sources, this research aims to make the connection with the full cost of devastation, economic decline and reconstruction caused in armed conflict that is invariably borne by citizens there and in other countries. The author argues that the arms industry ought not to be subsidised by taxpayers and allowed to make claims to being socially responsible, but held co-liable internationally with its clients and discriminated against by investors for producing socio-economically harmful products. Perhaps then its continued growth might be abated and more sustainable use of its industrial capacity be incentivised instead.
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This document provides background information on military spending in the United States. It discusses how military spending as a percentage of GDP has fluctuated over time, peaking during WWII and periods of war and declining during peacetime. It reviews literature on factors that influence public support for the military and military spending, such as perceptions of foreign threat, nationalism, and wartime contexts. The document also summarizes public opinion polls on support for specific wars like Vietnam and the Persian Gulf War. The overall purpose is to understand what drives public appreciation and support for the military and military spending.
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This document discusses the military capabilities and security strategies of China and Japan, and how they will affect the future of East Asia. It outlines the growing military strength of both countries, including their budgets, personnel, equipment, and naval and coastal forces. It also examines the complex political relationship between China and Japan, noting a history of both cooperation and tension. The document argues that while increased military capabilities may lead to further mistrust, globalization encourages cooperation, and both countries would benefit from confidence-building measures and multilateral cooperation to help reduce security dilemmas and prevent regional instability.
War In Iraq
The document summarizes information about nuclear weapons, including:
- The US currently has over 10,000 nuclear warheads, with some deployed in NATO countries.
- The US is the only country to have used nuclear weapons in war against Japan in 1945.
- Nuclear weapons pose catastrophic humanitarian and environmental risks that persist for generations.
- Billions are spent annually to maintain nuclear arsenals that could otherwise fund health, education and development needs.
- Events are planned on August 6-9, 2005 at nuclear weapons sites to commemorate Hiroshima and Nagasaki and call for nuclear abolition and an end to war.
Moral Investments End The Occupation
The document discusses the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and argues that it is primarily about land and profits rather than an ancient struggle. It describes how Israeli settlements in the occupied West Bank displace Palestinians and are enabled by support from the US government and military contractors. Companies are listed that provide weapons, equipment, or services to Israel that are alleged to support the occupation.
Bilmes Natonal Press Club: Iraq War costs
This document summarizes a briefing given by Linda Bilmes of Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government on February 13, 2008 about the costs of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. In 3 sentences: The direct costs of the wars have already exceeded $845 billion and are estimated to eventually total over $3 trillion when including future veterans' health care and interest on debt. Over 4,400 US troops have died and over 67,000 have been wounded, while costs continue mounting at a rate of $12 billion per month in Iraq alone. The full economic and social costs of the wars, which include higher oil prices and impacts on veterans and their families, may exceed $4 trillion.
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- 1. ARMED AND DANGEROUS: Arms Transfers to Israel during the Bush Administration
- 2. BACKGROUND ON MILITARY AID TO ISRAEL Undersecretary of State Nicholas Burns Signs MOU with Israel, Aug. 2007 From 1949-2007, more than $101 billion in total U.S. aid to Israel Previous Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) phased out economic aid and increased military aid between FY1999-2008 Current MOU to increase military aid to $30 billion from FY2009-2018, average increase of 25% President’s FY2010 budget request for $2.775 billion in FMF
- 3. ARMS TRANSFERS TO ISRAEL DURING THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION Jebalya Refugee Camp, Gaza Strip after September-October 2004 attack by Israel . Foreign Military Sales (FMS): $25,203,000,000 Direct Commercial Sales (DCS): $6,161,109,945 Excess Defense Articles (EDA): $36,048,510 Total: $31,400,158,455
- 4. FOREIGN MILITARY SALES (FMS) Air, $19.81 billion: F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, C-130J-30 Aircraft, JP-8 Aviation Jet Fuel, T-6A Texan Aircraft Missiles & Munitions, $2.726 billion: GBU-28 & 39 Small Diameter Bombs, TOW, Hellfire, Bunker Defeat Munitions, AMRAAM, Harpoon, Sidewinder, JDAM’s, MK-80 series Naval, $1.9 billion : Littoral Combat Ships Design, $350 million: Construction of infantry bases Vehicles, $164 million: Troop carrier armored vehicles, Trucks Miscellaneous, $253 million: Patriot Missile Upgrade, M72A7 Light Anti-Armor Weapons
- 6. EXCESS DEFENSE ARTICLES (EDA)
- 7. PALESTINIAN CIVILIAN FATALITIES From January 2001-November 2008, Israel killed 2,086 Palestinian civilians not taking part in hostilities, of whom 723 were children under 18. Data taken from B’tselem: The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories.
- 8. PALESTINIAN CIVILIAN FATALITIES Gunfire: Bullets, Fletchettes, Grenades, Live Ammo, Missiles, Rubber-Coated Bullets, Shells, Other Total : 1,232 Children: 425 Helicopter: Missiles, Other Total: 458 Children: 134 Tank: Bullets, Fletchettes, Live Ammo, Missiles, Shells, Other Total: 275 Children: 121 Fighter Jet: Bombs, Missiles, Other Total: 28 Children : 16 House Demolition: Bombs, Other Total: 21 Children: 7 Explosion: Bombs, Booby-Trapped Cars, Shells Total: 7 Children: 6 Armored Personnel Carriers: Live Ammo, Other Total: 5 Children: 3 Miscellaneous: Beatings, Fires, Hit by Vehicles, Shelling, Tear Gas, Other Total: 60 Children: 11
- 10. U.S. LAWS GOVERNING ARMS TRANSFERS Arms Export Control Act (P.L.80-829): Weapons are limited to “internal security” and “legitimate self-defense” only. Foreign Assistance Act (P.L.97-195): “No assistance may be provided…to the government of any country which engages in a consistent pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized human rights.” “ Leahy Law” (Foreign Ops Appropriations Act): No aid to “any unit of the security forces of a foreign country if the Secretary of State has credible evidence that such unit has committed gross violations of human rights.”
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