The document discusses different metrics companies use to measure success. It argues that vanity metrics only make companies feel good but don't provide clear guidance. The best metrics are "actionable" ones that help companies make decisions. It outlines the "AARRR" framework: Acquisition, Activation, Retention, Referral, and Revenue. These metrics track how users are acquired, activated on the service, retained as long-time users, referred to others, and connected to revenue generation. The document stresses that companies should focus on growth and learning, not just return on investment and scaling.