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Unit Testing
Sucks
… and it is your our fault
Testing
“Testing sucks!”
- Everybody
Testing
Testing
Testing
Testing don’t suck: tests
that suck, suck.
We care about clean code
... but we forgot something
Writing better tests
Tips and tricks
for writing
better tests
Subtle Differences
#1: Test code
is different
from other
code
4 rules of Simple Design
Passes its tests
Minimizes duplication
Maximizes clarity
Has no superfluous parts
Rules for tests?
Trustworthy
Express the intent
Flexible
Tips and Tricks
#2: Choose
better test
names
What are we testing here?
Choose good names
I don’t want to read the whole test case to know
what is trying to test.
Please.
Pretty please.
Problems
What are we testing here?
Tips and Tricks
#3: Avoid logic
inside tests
Avoid logic inside tests
Avoid logic inside tests
Conditionals: You don’t know which path the test
will take
Loops: you could be sharing state between tests
If tests have logic, who test the tests?
Problems
Tips and Tricks
#4: Highlight
the important
stuff
Be concise
Too much information in your tests make them
hard to read
Think about what details could you leave out
Assert messages help us highlight behaviour
Problems
Assertions
Use the name of the test for
explaining the feature that you are
testing.
Assertions
Use the name of the test for
explaining the feature that you are
testing.
Then use assert messages to clarify
what's the example under test and
why is that tested.
Highlight the important
Highlight the important
Tips and Tricks
#5: Builders to
the rescue
Building same objects
Building same objects
We depend on the stability of the constructor /
setter methods. If they change, we are screwed.
We are forced to pass all the parameters, even if
they are not important for the test.
Problems
Building same objects
Building same objects
Tips and Tricks
#6: Building your
own DSL
No semantic
Single level of abstraction
Single Level
of Abstraction Principle
Single level of abstraction
Creating your DSL
Creating your DSL
Creating your DSL
Creating your DSL
Tips and Tricks
#7: Don’t hide
the important
stuff
Rules for tests
Trustworthy
Express the intent
Flexible
Rules for tests
Trustworthy
Express the intent
Flexible
Duplication
Expressing the intent
"The refactoring technique
‘Extract Method’ is not
about saving lines of code
to make it shorter, but
about make the code more
readable"
Typing isn’t the bottleneck
"Programming is not
about typing... it’s about
thinking"
- Rich Hickey
Usual suspects
Set Up
Data Providers
Techniques
Usual suspects
Set Up
Data Providers
Problems with Set Up
Move important code out of sight
Now you have to remember that the code was
there
Since code in setUp is generic for all test cases, you
lose context on why is that code there
Problems
Data Providers
Explicit Set Up™
Usual suspects
Set Up
Data Providers
Problems with Providers
Tend to make tests more complex
The most meaningful parts of the test (input &
output) are now outside the test
Usually end up more complex than you expected
Problems
Data Providers
Solutions
Use Explicit Set Up ™ for the important stuff
Don’t mix different test cases in one provider
Avoid logic inside providers
Tips and Tricks
#8: Mocking,
the right way
Test Doubles
Test Doubles
Test Doubles
Test doubles are objects
that we create to help us
test our system
Test Doubles
Dummy
Fake
Stub
Spy
Mock
Test Doubles
Dummy
Fake
Stub
Spy
Mock
Test Doubles
Dummy
Dummy
Dummy
Use the real object unless
its instantiation has side
effects or is expensive
somehow
Test Doubles
Stub
Test Doubles
Mock
Components
Value
object
Entity Service
Test Doubles
Avoid test doubles for
Value Objects
Test Doubles
Avoid test doubles for
Value Objects
Think twice before using
test doubles for Entities
Command Query Separation
Command
Query
Command
Commands change the
state of a system but do not
return a value
Query
Queries return a value and
don’t change the observable
state of the system
Free of side effects
Test Doubles
Use stubs to force a query to return
a specific value so you guide the
execution path of the test
Test Doubles
Use stubs to force a query to return
a specific value so you guide the
execution path of the test
Use mocks to assert that a
command to another object has
been sent
Without Test Doubles
is
this still
unit testing?
Without Test Doubles
What’s a
unit?
Unit Test
Unit test
Isolated Test
Isolated test
Decoupling
Don’t modify your tests
when refactoring.
It would couple the test to
the current implementation
Tips and Tricks
#9: How much
testing is
enough?
How much to test
"Write tests until
fear is
transformed
into boredom"
How much to test
Confidence
Communication
Success!
How much to test
Confidence & communication
are the goals
High Code coverage is not a
goal: is a side effect
#10: Think. Don’t
blindly follow
rules (like these)
Tips and Tricks
Everything is a trade-off
Conclusions
Testing makes you go faster.
Throw some love to your tests.
If you find yourself going slower,
identify why.
TDD makes all of this much easier.
Jose Armesto
@fiunchinho

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