6. Androgenic effects
Development of male secondary sexual
characters
Breast development at puberty in female
Growth spurt
Regression of facial & body hair growth
Oily sebaceous secretions
Predilection for acne
Laryngeal growth Deepening of voice
Maturation of reproductive organs
Improve libido 6
11. When given orally
High pre-systemic elimination
Extensive metabolism in liver
Converted to dihydrotestosterone in skin, prostrate,
seminal vesicles
Preferred route: IM
Well absorbed from skin & mucosa
Available in topical gel
Precautions for factory workers
Scrotal patches available
11
12. Therapeutic uses
Replacement therapy in hypogonadism
Senile osteoporosis in males
Undescended testes, delayed puberty
Adverse effects
Sodium & water retention edema
Weight gain
Jaundice
12
13. In females
Hirsutism, menstrual irregularities, breast
atrophy, acne, deepening of voice
In children
Impairment of growth due to premature closure of
epiphysis
13
16. Chronic illness
To improve appetite & feeling of well being
Recovery from prolonged illness, surgery, burns,
trauma
Breast cancer
Postmenopausal , senile osteoporosis
Aplastic anemia
16
17. Adverse effects
Same as testosterone
Abused by athletes to increase muscle strength,
performance
Cholestatic jaundice, increased risk of CAD,
sudden death, testicular atrophy, sterility,
gynaecomastia
17
27. Erectile dysfunction(ED) and benign prostatic
hyperplasia(BPH) are the common urological
disorders in male.
ED is the inability to maintain penile erection for
the successful performance of sexual activity.
27
28. Loss of stimulation.
poor nerve input to penis.
poor blood flow to penis.
Hardening of penis tissue.
Inability to contain blood.
28
29. Age
Family history
vascular disease
Smoking
Diabetes
Medication,
Depression, sedentary
lifestyle
Hormone changes
Prostatic surgery
Injury of penis
High blood pressure
Obesity
Performance anxiety
29
32. Sildenafil(viagra)
Tadalafil(cialis)
Vardenafil(levitra, staxyn)
All the above drugs are phosphodiesterase-5
inhibitors.
Increase blood flow into penile blood vessels.
32
33. Block enzyme phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE -5)
Enhances normal erection response.
Improves blood flow into penis.
PED-5 inhibitor do not increase sex drive.
Pills will not produce an erection without normal
sexual stimulation.
33
37. Absorbed orally and half-life is 4 Hrs
Inhibits PDE5 in the corpus cavernosa of the
penis 50 mg 1 h before sexual activity
Potentiate nitrate’s hypotension activity
Ketoconazole, erythromycin, Verapamil
increases its level – due to CYP3A4 inhibition
Renal & hepatic disease increases its
level
37