This presentation includes the detail information of pharmacokinetics. How body react with drug. Route of drug administration. In this presentation there is a given all the relevant data related to the general pharmacology which is used full for the D. pharm, B. Pharm, Pharm D students . Pharmacodynamics : - What drug does to body. Pharmacokinetics : - What body does to the drug. Pharmacotherapeutics : - Use of drugs in prevention & treatment of disease. Clinical pharmacology : - Scientific study of drugs in man. Toxicology : - Aspect of pharmacology deals with adverse effects of Drugs. Pharmacodynamic agents : - Designed to have pharmacodynamic effects in the recipient. Chemotherapeutic agents : - Designed to inhibit/kill parasites/malignant cells & does not have or with minimal pharmacodynamic effects in recipient. Orphan drugs : - Drugs or Biological Products for diagnosis/treatment/ Prevention of a rare disease. E.g.:- Liothyronine (T3), Desmopressin, Baclofen, Digoxin Antibody.PHARMACOKINETICS Absorption of Drugs:- A) Simple diffusion: - Bidirectional process rate of transfer across the membrane is proportional to concn gradient. E.g.:- H20 soluble drugs with low mol-wt, lipid soluble drugs. B) Active transport: - requires energy – independent of physical properties of membrane. E.g.:- H20 soluble drugs with high mol-wt. Carrier mediated transport: - E.g.:- Intestinal absorption of Ca2+ . C) Pinocytosis: - Important in unicellular organisms like Amoeba. Bioavailability: - Amount of drug reaches systemic circulation following a non-vascular drug administration. Auc oral F = Auc iv Barriers:- B.B.B:- made up of choroid cells (strong Barrier). Testis Barrier: - made up of seroid cells. Placental Barrier: - made up of sertoli cells (weak Barrier). Endothelial Barrier: - in all blood cells (very weak). For absorption of vitB12, IF factor is required which is synthesized by parietal cells?2 types of metabolism: - a. Non synthetic reaction (phase I reaction) i. Oxidation ii. Reduction iii. Hydrolysis iv. Cyclilization v. Decyclilization b. Synthetic reaction (Phase II reaction) conjugation reactions i. Glucoronide conjugation ii. Acetylation iii. Methylation iv. Sulfate conjugation v. Glycine conjugation vi. Glutathion conjugation Remember:- Many drugs are eliminated by the kidney without being.