This document provides an overview of Australia across several domains: - Socially, Australia is a multi-cultural society with influences from British, European, and Asian immigrants. English is the primary language. - Politically, Australia has a constitutional monarchy and federal parliamentary democracy similar to the UK system. Power is shared between federal and state governments. The two dominant political parties are Labor and the Liberal-National Coalition. - Economically, key industries include agriculture, mining, manufacturing, and tourism. Australia has a highly developed free market economy and exports more than half of its agricultural production.

1. PEST ANALYSIS OF AUSTRALIA
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2. SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF AUSTRALIA
• Location: Oceania, continent between the Indian
Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean
• Capital: Canberra
• Climate: generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south
and east; tropical in north
• Population: 19,913,144
• Religions: Anglican 26.1%, Roman Catholic 26%, other
Christian 24.3%, non-Christian 11%, other 12.6%
• Languages in Australia:English is the primary language
used in Australia.

3. Social analysis of australia
• A Multi-Cultural Society :
The initial population of Australia was made up of
Aborigines and people of British and Irish descent.
After World War II there was heavy migration from Europe,
especially from Greece, Italy, Germany, the Netherlands,
Yugoslavia, Lebanon, and Turkey. This was in response to
the Australian policy of proactively trying to attract
immigrants to boost the population and work force.
In the last thirty years, Australia has liberalised its
immigration policy and opened its borders to South East
Asia. This has caused a real shift in self-perception as
Aussies begin to re-define themselves as a multi-cultural
and multi-faith society rather then the old homogenous,
white, Anglo- Saxon, Protestant nation.

4. POLITICAL ANAYSIS OF AUSTRALIA
• Australia’s liberal democracy is built around a
constitutional monarchy and the British
Westminster system, but with the American
federal structure grafted onto it.
• Australia is a federal system, one in which the
Constitution divides power between the national,
or federal, government and the States. As a
result, the political and financial relationship
between the States and the Federal Government
is an ongoing concern.

5. POLITICAL PARTIES
• A political party is generally recognised as an
organisation of like-minded people which aims to
develop policies and endorse candidates to
contest elections with a view to forming
government.
• Australia’s party system is dominated by two
major groups, the Australian Labor Party and the
coalition parties, the Libera Party of australia and
The Nationals.
• Since 1922, Australian Federal Governments have
been formed either by Labor or the Coalition.

6. ECONOMICAL ANAYSIS OF AUSTRALIA
• AGRICULTURAL ASPECT:
Australian agricultural production helps provide food and clothing for a nation of
over 20 million people. In addition, Australia exports around 65% of its agricultural
production. Australian agriculture contributes around 3% to GDP and accounts for
about 65% of water use and almost 60% of Australia’s land area.
• Industry structure and performance
Australia’s GDP in 2005–06 reached $922 billion, an increase of 2.8% on the
previous year. The GDP per person was more than $44,000.
A total of 10 million Australians are employed in industry. The greatest number
worked in the retail industry (1.5 million), followed by property and business
services (1.2 million) and manufacturing (1.1 million). Mining activity accounts for
around 8% of Australia's gross domestic product and has contributed over $500b
directly to Australia's wealth during the past 20 years. There are around 320,000
Australians employed in the industry, either directly or indirectly in support
industries.

7. ECONOMICAL ANALYSIS OF AUSTRALIA
• Tourism
International visitors consumed $21 billion in goods
and services produced by the Australian economy in
2005–06. This represents 11% of Australia’s exports of
goods and services.
The top destinations for Australians travelling overseas
for short periods during 2006 were New Zealand, the
United States of America, the UK, Thailand and China.
Between 2005 and 2006, short-term departures to
Thailand increased 42%, while departures for Indonesia
fell by 39%.

8. • National accounts
Australia’s net worth continues to grow strongly, up
9.2% to more than $5,330 billion at 30 June 2006.
International accounts and trade
Import wasmore goods than we export in 2006–07,
producing a $12.6 billion deficit. However, the value of
exports grew faster than that of imports, so the deficit
was lower than in the previous year ($15 billion). (Page
718)
Imports of cars increased by 10% or $1.2 billion in
2006–07, and goods vehicles by 21% ($900 million).

9. TECHNOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF
AUSTRALIA
Information and communication technology
Household access to the Internet has grown from 1.1 million
households in 1998 to 4.7 million in 2005–06.
There were 6.7 million active Internet subscribers in Australia in
September 2006, with more than 1.1 million using connections with
speeds of 1.5 megabits per second (Mbps) or greater.
Research and innovation
Expenditure on research and development (R&D) in Australia
reached more than $15.7 billion in 2004–05, up more than 19% on
the figure two years previously.
Australian business accounted for the highest expenditure on R&D
(54%), followed by higher education (27%).

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