Spotlight on Applications is a quarterly compendium of recent applications, delivering a variety of topics that address the pressing issues and analytical challenges you may face today. Our e-zine covers a broad range of applications within various industries – all accessible online at your convenience.
http://www.perkinelmerapplications.com/subscribe/
While the public considers municipal water to be “pure”, the pharmaceutical market considers municipal water (feedwater) just the starting point in producing pure water. Water is the most widely used excipient in pharmaceutical manufacturing, and pharmaceutical water is a multi-functional resource, crossing all disciplines in the pharmaceutical industry. Water is used as a raw material, solvent, ingredient, reagent, and clean-ing agent, and is produced in a variety of “pure” forms.
Why pick on pharmaceuticals as an environmental "problem"(setac basle 2014)David Taylor
Pharmaceuticals have been singled out for specific attention as environmental pollutants but this is irrational. Pharmaceuticals , once in the environment, are similar to other emerging pollutants and should be treated on a case by case basis Attempts to regulate pharmaceuticals as a class of pollutants are unwarrented.
AAF has released a new whitepaper with a short outline on the historic development, current state and characteristics of the photometer and DPC leak testing procedures.
The document discusses ecopharmacovigilance (EPV), which concerns adverse effects of pharmaceuticals in the environment. It notes that active pharmaceutical ingredients are emerging environmental contaminants consumed worldwide at over 100,000 tons annually. Even in trace amounts, they are a concern due to continuous introduction and impact on ecosystems and human/veterinary health. The document outlines sources of pharmaceuticals in the environment like patient excretion, manufacturing waste, and improper disposal. It discusses spread in water and effects of long-term exposure like antimicrobial resistance. Examples given include diclofenac poisoning vultures in South Asia and estrogenic effects on fish. The document advocates approaches like green drug design, minimizing emissions, and improved
Spotlight on Analytical Applications e-Zine - Volume 13PerkinElmer, Inc.
This document provides key analytical applications to help laboratories address the pressing concerns of the changing global landscape. Specifically, Volume 13 includes applications for Consumer Products, Energy & Industrial, Environmental and Pharmaceuticals & Nutraceuticals.
Preparing for Compliance with MassDEP Mercury Prohibition for IndustrialMark Campanale
The document provides information on Massachusetts regulations prohibiting mercury in industrial wastewater discharges. The regulations apply to all industrial wastewater dischargers and require them to determine sources of mercury, take steps to eliminate mercury by July 2007, and limit mercury discharges to no more than 1 ppb by May 2009. The document discusses identifying and eliminating sources of mercury, which can include chemicals, products, and materials used in industrial, medical, dental and other facilities. It emphasizes that pollution prevention through source reduction is needed since mercury cannot be completely treated or removed.
In this slide contains Infrared-Spectroscopy (IR) in Pre-Formulations and various uses.
Presented by: B. Venkatesh. ( Department of pharmaceutics)
RIPRE,anantpur.
The document provides information on the staff members and grant holders of the Analytical Chemistry department for 2008. It summarizes several projects conducted by the department including developing analytical methods to determine pesticides, PAHs, toxins and antibiotics in food and environmental samples. Methods included liquid and gas chromatography coupled with various detectors. Electroanalytical procedures were also considered to reduce sample preparation time and amounts of solvent used. Validation of developed methods revealed good performance. The document outlines goals for 2009 which include characterizing stone deterioration, developing new sensor technologies, and further analysis of contaminants in different matrices like fish and water.
While the public considers municipal water to be “pure”, the pharmaceutical market considers municipal water (feedwater) just the starting point in producing pure water. Water is the most widely used excipient in pharmaceutical manufacturing, and pharmaceutical water is a multi-functional resource, crossing all disciplines in the pharmaceutical industry. Water is used as a raw material, solvent, ingredient, reagent, and clean-ing agent, and is produced in a variety of “pure” forms.
Why pick on pharmaceuticals as an environmental "problem"(setac basle 2014)David Taylor
Pharmaceuticals have been singled out for specific attention as environmental pollutants but this is irrational. Pharmaceuticals , once in the environment, are similar to other emerging pollutants and should be treated on a case by case basis Attempts to regulate pharmaceuticals as a class of pollutants are unwarrented.
AAF has released a new whitepaper with a short outline on the historic development, current state and characteristics of the photometer and DPC leak testing procedures.
The document discusses ecopharmacovigilance (EPV), which concerns adverse effects of pharmaceuticals in the environment. It notes that active pharmaceutical ingredients are emerging environmental contaminants consumed worldwide at over 100,000 tons annually. Even in trace amounts, they are a concern due to continuous introduction and impact on ecosystems and human/veterinary health. The document outlines sources of pharmaceuticals in the environment like patient excretion, manufacturing waste, and improper disposal. It discusses spread in water and effects of long-term exposure like antimicrobial resistance. Examples given include diclofenac poisoning vultures in South Asia and estrogenic effects on fish. The document advocates approaches like green drug design, minimizing emissions, and improved
Spotlight on Analytical Applications e-Zine - Volume 13PerkinElmer, Inc.
This document provides key analytical applications to help laboratories address the pressing concerns of the changing global landscape. Specifically, Volume 13 includes applications for Consumer Products, Energy & Industrial, Environmental and Pharmaceuticals & Nutraceuticals.
Preparing for Compliance with MassDEP Mercury Prohibition for IndustrialMark Campanale
The document provides information on Massachusetts regulations prohibiting mercury in industrial wastewater discharges. The regulations apply to all industrial wastewater dischargers and require them to determine sources of mercury, take steps to eliminate mercury by July 2007, and limit mercury discharges to no more than 1 ppb by May 2009. The document discusses identifying and eliminating sources of mercury, which can include chemicals, products, and materials used in industrial, medical, dental and other facilities. It emphasizes that pollution prevention through source reduction is needed since mercury cannot be completely treated or removed.
In this slide contains Infrared-Spectroscopy (IR) in Pre-Formulations and various uses.
Presented by: B. Venkatesh. ( Department of pharmaceutics)
RIPRE,anantpur.
The document provides information on the staff members and grant holders of the Analytical Chemistry department for 2008. It summarizes several projects conducted by the department including developing analytical methods to determine pesticides, PAHs, toxins and antibiotics in food and environmental samples. Methods included liquid and gas chromatography coupled with various detectors. Electroanalytical procedures were also considered to reduce sample preparation time and amounts of solvent used. Validation of developed methods revealed good performance. The document outlines goals for 2009 which include characterizing stone deterioration, developing new sensor technologies, and further analysis of contaminants in different matrices like fish and water.
This document summarizes U.S. drinking water standards. It discusses the difference between primary and secondary standards, how standards are set, and provides tables listing the current contaminant standards. Primary standards are enforced by the EPA and are based on health considerations to limit pathogens, radioactive elements, and toxic chemicals. Secondary standards regulate contaminants that affect aesthetic water qualities like taste and odor. Standards are set by considering toxicology data, calculating acceptable risk levels, and feasibility of water treatment. States enforce EPA standards and can set additional guidelines.
This document describes a new method for determining levels of the toxic compound 3-chloropropanediol (3-MCPD) in soy sauce samples. The method involves liquid phase extraction to isolate 3-MCPD from the soy sauce matrix, followed by microwave-assisted derivatization with acetophenone to form a derivative suitable for detection by HPLC-UV. The researchers optimized the derivatization reaction conditions and chromatographic separation. They demonstrated that maximum derivatization could be achieved in just 10 minutes under microwave irradiation, much faster than the conventional 18-hour refluxing method. The new method provides a simple, rapid procedure for analyzing 3-MCPD in soy sauce at trace levels down to 80
Spotlight on Analytical Applications e-Zine – Volume 14PerkinElmer, Inc.
Spotlight on Applications is a quarterly compendium of recent applications, delivering a variety of topics that address the pressing issues and analytical challenges you may face today. Our e-zine covers a broad range of applications within various industries – all accessible online at your convenience.
A biosensor is a compact analytical device incorporating a biological or biologically derived sensing element either associated or integrated within a physicochemical transducer
Here are some slides to discuss about biosensors and their application which we prepared in graduation.
Bioanalytical Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Estimation o...BRNSSPublicationHubI
The document describes the development and validation of a bioanalytical method for the simultaneous estimation of imatinib and its metabolite desmethyl imatinib in human plasma using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Key steps in the method included online enrichment of the analytes followed by separation on a chromatographic column and detection using mass spectrometry. The method was validated in terms of precision, accuracy, selectivity and sensitivity. The developed method was then applied to pharmacokinetic studies of imatinib and its metabolite in patient samples.
Toxicity Studies of Aqueous-Methanol Extract of Dennettia tripetala (Pepper f...Scientific Review SR
1) The study evaluated the toxicity of an aqueous-methanol extract of Dennettia tripetala fresh ripe fruits in rats over 14 days.
2) The extract showed no significant effects on liver and kidney function at 100 mg/kg body weight but caused toxicity at higher doses based on changes in biochemical parameters and antioxidant levels.
3) The extract significantly decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes like SOD, GSH, GPx and GST at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, indicating potential oxidative stress, while MDA and CAT were not significantly affected.
Spotlight on Analytical Applications e-Zine Environmental Special Edition - V...PerkinElmer, Inc.
Spotlight on Applications is a quarterly e-zine compendium, delivering a variety of topics that address the pressing issues and analytical challenges you may face in your application areas today. This Special Edition features a broad range of applications within Water, Air, Soil/Hazardous Waste testing which you will be able to access at your convenience. Each application in the table of contents includes an embedded link which takes you directly to the appropriate page within the e-zine.
Determination of Arsenic in Baby Foods and Fruit Juices by GFAASPerkinElmer, Inc.
"A complete method has been developed for the determination
of arsenic (As) in baby foods and baby fruit juices by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (GFAAS). This method includes sample preparation steps using microwave assisted closed vessel digestion. Foods come in a wide variety of complex sample types and matrices, but their fundamental major components are water and various carbohydrates. In this work, the samples were totally digested in a microwave oven so that the samples’ various carbohydrate matrices were completely destroyed prior to instrumental analysis."
Learn more about our solutions: http://bit.ly/1d8sGeJ
Zina Al-Saffar 2016- BACT control biosenor_final articleZina Al-Saffar
This document compares measurements of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity from a biosensor called BACTcontrol to standard microbial analysis methods for assessing water quality. The study analyzed four types of water samples and found that BACTcontrol correlated well (R2 = 0.83-0.99) with cell counts from flow cytometry, ATP measurements, and microscopic counts using viability stains for the same type of water. However, correlations decreased when comparing different water types. BACTcontrol did not correlate with traditional heterotrophic plate counts. The study concludes that BACTcontrol can detect significant microbial changes in water and trigger alarms to automatically take samples for further laboratory analysis.
Application of uv visible spectroscopy in pharmaceutical industryFarhad Ashraf
UV-visible spectroscopy can be used for clinical and pre-clinical applications in cancer diagnosis and analysis. It allows non-invasive measurement of biomarkers like tumor oxygenation, angiogenesis, redox state, and morphology. Spectroscopy measures how light interacts with tissue via absorption and fluorescence of chromophores and fluorophores. This optical signature contains physiologically meaningful information about cancer progression and treatment response that can provide insights not available from traditional pathology. Quantitative optical techniques have the potential to improve cancer management with personalized, molecularly-informed assessments.
The use of agrochemicals has increased considerably in recent years, and consequently, there has been increased exposure of ecosystems and human populations to these highly toxic compounds. The study and development of methodologies to detect these substances with greater sensitivity has become extremely relevant. This article describes, for the first time, the use of atomic force spectroscopy (AFS) in the detection of enzyme-inhibiting herbicides. A nanobiosensor based on an atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip functionalised with the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme was developed and characterised. The herbicide metsulfuron-methyl, an ALS inhibitor, was successfully detected through the acquisition of force curves using this biosensor. The adhesion force values were considerably higher when the biosensor was used. An increase of ~250% was achieved relative to the adhesion force using an unfunctionalised AFM tip. This considerable increase was the result of a specific interaction between the enzyme and the herbicide, which was primarily responsible for the efficiency of the nanobiosensor. These results indicate that this methodology is promising for the detection of herbicides, pesticides, and other environmental contaminants.
APt Co., Ltd. is developing colloidal platinum nanoparticles (CPNs) for use in supplements, cosmetics, and other products due to their antioxidant effects. Studies in animals and humans found CPNs reduced oxidative stress markers with no safety concerns. The company aims to commercialize CPNs, which are patented in several countries, to contribute to health and industry through their nanotechnology.
Application of Nanotechnology in Natural ProductsMona Ismail
Nanoscience is the manipulation of materials at atomic, molecular and macromolecular scales, where properties differ significantly from those at a larger scale.
The word "Nano" is derived from the Greek word for “Dwarf”. It means a billionth. A nanometer is a billionth of a meter.
This document discusses using ATP (adenosine triphosphate) monitoring to measure microbiological activity in biological filters. ATP is present in all living cells and can provide real-time feedback on total biological populations. The document outlines how ATP monitoring works, how it can be used to sample filter media or effluent water, and how the results provide insights into biomass levels, filter capacity, and the impact of process changes. ATP monitoring is presented as a tool that can help optimize biological filter operation and performance.
Enzyme based Biosensor for pesticide DetectionSubhasis Sarkar
The biosensors could be used for pesticides rapid detection with a good stability and repeatability. As a new analytical method, biosensor could be widely used in the determination of food contamination. Biosensor techniques based on the principle of specific biological-recognition have shown satisfactory results for environmental control, food quality monitoring and toxicity detection in recent years. All these detection methods based on biosensors were shorter time response and lower cost comparing with the traditional method, but these methods were not enough convenient to use, moreover, complex detection procedures make them unsuitable for commercial and industrial applications.
This thesis examines organophosphate pesticide exposure in Australian agricultural workers through biological monitoring and risk assessment. A cross-sectional study assessed exposure among four groups: fruit and vegetable farmers, pilots and mixer/loaders, formulation plant staff, and a control group. Urine and blood samples were collected and questionnaires administered. Farmers had good pesticide knowledge but low personal protective equipment use. Urine testing found generally low pesticide metabolite levels in farmers, higher levels in formulators and pilots/mixer/loaders, and detectable levels in controls indicating environmental exposure. The urine test was a useful exposure indicator and may help industry risk assessment if biological exposure indices are established.
A preliminary study on the toxic potentials of shea butter effluent using Cla...IOSR Journals
This study was conducted purposely to evaluate the effects of shea butter effluent (SBE) on the
freshwater inhabitant using Clarias gariepinus as a biological model. A prominent Local factory of shea butter
at Tede, ATISBO Local Government was chosen because the effluent flows directly into a near-by stream that
ends up at a popular Dam in the Local Government on which more than 120,000 people depend for domestic
use.Static bioassay was conducted to determine the LC50 of shea butter effluent to Clarias gariepinus. Ten fishes
each were exposed to 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, and 0.09ppt (lethal concentration) of SBE in separate water plastic
bowl of (40cmX29cmX28cm) of 60litres capacity.The lethal Concentration (LC50) value of SBE was 0.057ppt for
96hrs of exposure. Total mortality occurred in the concentrations of 0.08 and 0.09ppt within 24hours of
exposure period. Behavioural reactions exhibited by the fish include erratic movement, air gulping, loss of
reflex, molting, barbell deformation, hemorrhage, and excessive mucus secretion in fish exposed to higher
concentration of shea butter effluent.
The appreciable increase in the mean value of heavy metal, such as Manganese, Nickel, Cadmium,
Zinc, Copper and Lead revealed that the increase in the concentration of shea butter effluent leads to
bioaccumulation of the aforementioned heavy metals in the test organisms. The values for all the metals exceed
the permissible Criteria of the national and international regulatory body. Therefore, Shea butter effluent is
highly toxic to freshwater fishes, its discharged directly into water bodies, new fish farms or in areas close to
aquatic environment should not be encouraged.
This document summarizes a new method for detecting human hormones in drinking water supplies using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method monitors 9 hormones including estrogens and androgens. Hormones are extracted from water samples using SPE cartridges, separated via HPLC, and identified/quantified on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Recoveries for the hormones from drinking water ranged from 90-124%, and the method provides well-differentiated mass spectrometry peaks for each hormone. The new method complies with EPA Method 539 for monitoring hormones in drinking water supplies.
LGC is addressing the UK's chemical and bio-measurement needs to support key industries like healthcare, food, and energy. LGC researchers are developing new methods to accurately measure pollutants like PBDEs in water samples to help enforce the EU Water Framework Directive and clean up rivers and lakes. They are also studying microbial communities as bioindicators of water quality to rapidly assess the impacts of pollution and help mitigate threats to water resources.
This document describes a plant nutrition tachometer device that measures three key plant nutrients: nitrogen, chlorophyll, and moisture content. It uses non-destructive near-infrared spectroscopy techniques to simultaneously determine the levels of these nutrients. The measurements help evaluate plant health and indicate needs for fertilization or irrigation. The portable, easy-to-use device stores measurement data and interfaces with computers.
O documento discute o uso do kit PlGF 1-2-3 da PerkinElmer para triagem da pré-eclâmpsia. O kit permite identificar mulheres com alto risco de pré-eclâmpsia no primeiro trimestre de forma sensível. Quando usado em conjunto com outros fatores, como histórico médico e pressão arterial, pode prever até 88% dos casos de pré-eclâmpsia precoce. O documento também descreve como o tratamento precoce com aspirina em mulheres de alto risco identificadas pela triagem pode reduzir significativamente os casos de pré-
O documento descreve o novo instrumento chemagic Prime, uma solução automatizada para extração de DNA e RNA de amostras humanas. Ele usa esferas magnéticas em vez de placas para separar ácidos nucleicos de forma mais pura e intacta, reduzindo o risco de contaminação. O instrumento fornece extração de alta qualidade de DNA e RNA de várias amostras, como sangue total e tecidos, para aplicações como NGS, genotipagem e PCR.
More Related Content
Similar to PerkinElmer Spotlight on Analytical Applications e-Zine – Volume 16
This document summarizes U.S. drinking water standards. It discusses the difference between primary and secondary standards, how standards are set, and provides tables listing the current contaminant standards. Primary standards are enforced by the EPA and are based on health considerations to limit pathogens, radioactive elements, and toxic chemicals. Secondary standards regulate contaminants that affect aesthetic water qualities like taste and odor. Standards are set by considering toxicology data, calculating acceptable risk levels, and feasibility of water treatment. States enforce EPA standards and can set additional guidelines.
This document describes a new method for determining levels of the toxic compound 3-chloropropanediol (3-MCPD) in soy sauce samples. The method involves liquid phase extraction to isolate 3-MCPD from the soy sauce matrix, followed by microwave-assisted derivatization with acetophenone to form a derivative suitable for detection by HPLC-UV. The researchers optimized the derivatization reaction conditions and chromatographic separation. They demonstrated that maximum derivatization could be achieved in just 10 minutes under microwave irradiation, much faster than the conventional 18-hour refluxing method. The new method provides a simple, rapid procedure for analyzing 3-MCPD in soy sauce at trace levels down to 80
Spotlight on Analytical Applications e-Zine – Volume 14PerkinElmer, Inc.
Spotlight on Applications is a quarterly compendium of recent applications, delivering a variety of topics that address the pressing issues and analytical challenges you may face today. Our e-zine covers a broad range of applications within various industries – all accessible online at your convenience.
A biosensor is a compact analytical device incorporating a biological or biologically derived sensing element either associated or integrated within a physicochemical transducer
Here are some slides to discuss about biosensors and their application which we prepared in graduation.
Bioanalytical Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Estimation o...BRNSSPublicationHubI
The document describes the development and validation of a bioanalytical method for the simultaneous estimation of imatinib and its metabolite desmethyl imatinib in human plasma using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Key steps in the method included online enrichment of the analytes followed by separation on a chromatographic column and detection using mass spectrometry. The method was validated in terms of precision, accuracy, selectivity and sensitivity. The developed method was then applied to pharmacokinetic studies of imatinib and its metabolite in patient samples.
Toxicity Studies of Aqueous-Methanol Extract of Dennettia tripetala (Pepper f...Scientific Review SR
1) The study evaluated the toxicity of an aqueous-methanol extract of Dennettia tripetala fresh ripe fruits in rats over 14 days.
2) The extract showed no significant effects on liver and kidney function at 100 mg/kg body weight but caused toxicity at higher doses based on changes in biochemical parameters and antioxidant levels.
3) The extract significantly decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes like SOD, GSH, GPx and GST at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, indicating potential oxidative stress, while MDA and CAT were not significantly affected.
Spotlight on Analytical Applications e-Zine Environmental Special Edition - V...PerkinElmer, Inc.
Spotlight on Applications is a quarterly e-zine compendium, delivering a variety of topics that address the pressing issues and analytical challenges you may face in your application areas today. This Special Edition features a broad range of applications within Water, Air, Soil/Hazardous Waste testing which you will be able to access at your convenience. Each application in the table of contents includes an embedded link which takes you directly to the appropriate page within the e-zine.
Determination of Arsenic in Baby Foods and Fruit Juices by GFAASPerkinElmer, Inc.
"A complete method has been developed for the determination
of arsenic (As) in baby foods and baby fruit juices by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (GFAAS). This method includes sample preparation steps using microwave assisted closed vessel digestion. Foods come in a wide variety of complex sample types and matrices, but their fundamental major components are water and various carbohydrates. In this work, the samples were totally digested in a microwave oven so that the samples’ various carbohydrate matrices were completely destroyed prior to instrumental analysis."
Learn more about our solutions: http://bit.ly/1d8sGeJ
Zina Al-Saffar 2016- BACT control biosenor_final articleZina Al-Saffar
This document compares measurements of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity from a biosensor called BACTcontrol to standard microbial analysis methods for assessing water quality. The study analyzed four types of water samples and found that BACTcontrol correlated well (R2 = 0.83-0.99) with cell counts from flow cytometry, ATP measurements, and microscopic counts using viability stains for the same type of water. However, correlations decreased when comparing different water types. BACTcontrol did not correlate with traditional heterotrophic plate counts. The study concludes that BACTcontrol can detect significant microbial changes in water and trigger alarms to automatically take samples for further laboratory analysis.
Application of uv visible spectroscopy in pharmaceutical industryFarhad Ashraf
UV-visible spectroscopy can be used for clinical and pre-clinical applications in cancer diagnosis and analysis. It allows non-invasive measurement of biomarkers like tumor oxygenation, angiogenesis, redox state, and morphology. Spectroscopy measures how light interacts with tissue via absorption and fluorescence of chromophores and fluorophores. This optical signature contains physiologically meaningful information about cancer progression and treatment response that can provide insights not available from traditional pathology. Quantitative optical techniques have the potential to improve cancer management with personalized, molecularly-informed assessments.
The use of agrochemicals has increased considerably in recent years, and consequently, there has been increased exposure of ecosystems and human populations to these highly toxic compounds. The study and development of methodologies to detect these substances with greater sensitivity has become extremely relevant. This article describes, for the first time, the use of atomic force spectroscopy (AFS) in the detection of enzyme-inhibiting herbicides. A nanobiosensor based on an atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip functionalised with the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme was developed and characterised. The herbicide metsulfuron-methyl, an ALS inhibitor, was successfully detected through the acquisition of force curves using this biosensor. The adhesion force values were considerably higher when the biosensor was used. An increase of ~250% was achieved relative to the adhesion force using an unfunctionalised AFM tip. This considerable increase was the result of a specific interaction between the enzyme and the herbicide, which was primarily responsible for the efficiency of the nanobiosensor. These results indicate that this methodology is promising for the detection of herbicides, pesticides, and other environmental contaminants.
APt Co., Ltd. is developing colloidal platinum nanoparticles (CPNs) for use in supplements, cosmetics, and other products due to their antioxidant effects. Studies in animals and humans found CPNs reduced oxidative stress markers with no safety concerns. The company aims to commercialize CPNs, which are patented in several countries, to contribute to health and industry through their nanotechnology.
Application of Nanotechnology in Natural ProductsMona Ismail
Nanoscience is the manipulation of materials at atomic, molecular and macromolecular scales, where properties differ significantly from those at a larger scale.
The word "Nano" is derived from the Greek word for “Dwarf”. It means a billionth. A nanometer is a billionth of a meter.
This document discusses using ATP (adenosine triphosphate) monitoring to measure microbiological activity in biological filters. ATP is present in all living cells and can provide real-time feedback on total biological populations. The document outlines how ATP monitoring works, how it can be used to sample filter media or effluent water, and how the results provide insights into biomass levels, filter capacity, and the impact of process changes. ATP monitoring is presented as a tool that can help optimize biological filter operation and performance.
Enzyme based Biosensor for pesticide DetectionSubhasis Sarkar
The biosensors could be used for pesticides rapid detection with a good stability and repeatability. As a new analytical method, biosensor could be widely used in the determination of food contamination. Biosensor techniques based on the principle of specific biological-recognition have shown satisfactory results for environmental control, food quality monitoring and toxicity detection in recent years. All these detection methods based on biosensors were shorter time response and lower cost comparing with the traditional method, but these methods were not enough convenient to use, moreover, complex detection procedures make them unsuitable for commercial and industrial applications.
This thesis examines organophosphate pesticide exposure in Australian agricultural workers through biological monitoring and risk assessment. A cross-sectional study assessed exposure among four groups: fruit and vegetable farmers, pilots and mixer/loaders, formulation plant staff, and a control group. Urine and blood samples were collected and questionnaires administered. Farmers had good pesticide knowledge but low personal protective equipment use. Urine testing found generally low pesticide metabolite levels in farmers, higher levels in formulators and pilots/mixer/loaders, and detectable levels in controls indicating environmental exposure. The urine test was a useful exposure indicator and may help industry risk assessment if biological exposure indices are established.
A preliminary study on the toxic potentials of shea butter effluent using Cla...IOSR Journals
This study was conducted purposely to evaluate the effects of shea butter effluent (SBE) on the
freshwater inhabitant using Clarias gariepinus as a biological model. A prominent Local factory of shea butter
at Tede, ATISBO Local Government was chosen because the effluent flows directly into a near-by stream that
ends up at a popular Dam in the Local Government on which more than 120,000 people depend for domestic
use.Static bioassay was conducted to determine the LC50 of shea butter effluent to Clarias gariepinus. Ten fishes
each were exposed to 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, and 0.09ppt (lethal concentration) of SBE in separate water plastic
bowl of (40cmX29cmX28cm) of 60litres capacity.The lethal Concentration (LC50) value of SBE was 0.057ppt for
96hrs of exposure. Total mortality occurred in the concentrations of 0.08 and 0.09ppt within 24hours of
exposure period. Behavioural reactions exhibited by the fish include erratic movement, air gulping, loss of
reflex, molting, barbell deformation, hemorrhage, and excessive mucus secretion in fish exposed to higher
concentration of shea butter effluent.
The appreciable increase in the mean value of heavy metal, such as Manganese, Nickel, Cadmium,
Zinc, Copper and Lead revealed that the increase in the concentration of shea butter effluent leads to
bioaccumulation of the aforementioned heavy metals in the test organisms. The values for all the metals exceed
the permissible Criteria of the national and international regulatory body. Therefore, Shea butter effluent is
highly toxic to freshwater fishes, its discharged directly into water bodies, new fish farms or in areas close to
aquatic environment should not be encouraged.
This document summarizes a new method for detecting human hormones in drinking water supplies using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method monitors 9 hormones including estrogens and androgens. Hormones are extracted from water samples using SPE cartridges, separated via HPLC, and identified/quantified on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Recoveries for the hormones from drinking water ranged from 90-124%, and the method provides well-differentiated mass spectrometry peaks for each hormone. The new method complies with EPA Method 539 for monitoring hormones in drinking water supplies.
LGC is addressing the UK's chemical and bio-measurement needs to support key industries like healthcare, food, and energy. LGC researchers are developing new methods to accurately measure pollutants like PBDEs in water samples to help enforce the EU Water Framework Directive and clean up rivers and lakes. They are also studying microbial communities as bioindicators of water quality to rapidly assess the impacts of pollution and help mitigate threats to water resources.
This document describes a plant nutrition tachometer device that measures three key plant nutrients: nitrogen, chlorophyll, and moisture content. It uses non-destructive near-infrared spectroscopy techniques to simultaneously determine the levels of these nutrients. The measurements help evaluate plant health and indicate needs for fertilization or irrigation. The portable, easy-to-use device stores measurement data and interfaces with computers.
Similar to PerkinElmer Spotlight on Analytical Applications e-Zine – Volume 16 (20)
O documento discute o uso do kit PlGF 1-2-3 da PerkinElmer para triagem da pré-eclâmpsia. O kit permite identificar mulheres com alto risco de pré-eclâmpsia no primeiro trimestre de forma sensível. Quando usado em conjunto com outros fatores, como histórico médico e pressão arterial, pode prever até 88% dos casos de pré-eclâmpsia precoce. O documento também descreve como o tratamento precoce com aspirina em mulheres de alto risco identificadas pela triagem pode reduzir significativamente os casos de pré-
O documento descreve o novo instrumento chemagic Prime, uma solução automatizada para extração de DNA e RNA de amostras humanas. Ele usa esferas magnéticas em vez de placas para separar ácidos nucleicos de forma mais pura e intacta, reduzindo o risco de contaminação. O instrumento fornece extração de alta qualidade de DNA e RNA de várias amostras, como sangue total e tecidos, para aplicações como NGS, genotipagem e PCR.
Por que a triagem para SCID?
A Imunodeficiência combinada grave (SCID) é um grupo de distúrbios caracterizados por um defeito grave na produção e no funcionamento da célula. Normalmente, bebês com SCID falecerão por infecções antes de um ano de idade, a menos que o sistema imunológico do bebê seja restaurado através de tratamento [1].
Solução com marca CE para triagem SCID
A PerkinElmer tem orgulho em apresentar o primeiro ensaio comercial para triagem de TREC. O ensaio faz parte de um sistema completo, com marca CE para garantir o uso seguro e eficaz como um auxiliar na triagem de SCID.
A União Europeia está considerando novas regras para veículos autônomos. As regras propostas exigiriam que os fabricantes de veículos autônomos assumam mais responsabilidade por acidentes e garantam que os sistemas de direção sejam projetados para proteger os pedestres e ciclistas. A Comissão Europeia espera que as novas regras ajudem a promover o desenvolvimento seguro de veículos autônomos na UE.
O cromatógrafo a gás/espectrômetro de massas (GC/MS) portátil Torion® T-9 da PerkinElmer traz novo significado à portabilidade. Pesando apenas 14,5 quilos, este GC/MS também é rápido, confiável e de fácil utilização.
O documento descreve os sistemas Clarus 590/690 GC da Agilent e como eles, juntamente com o software TotalChrom e soluções prontas, podem melhorar a produtividade dos laboratórios ao fornecer recursos fáceis de usar, interface intuitiva de tela sensível ao toque e métodos pré-configurados para aplicações comuns.
A PerkinElmer apresenta uma plataforma automatizada para transferência de líquidos que oferece reprodutibilidade, redução de erros e operação sem necessidade de supervisão contínua. A plataforma possui diferentes tamanhos e configurações para atender às necessidades dos clientes e recursos como seringas, ponteiras descartáveis e software para criação e execução de protocolos de forma simples.
Como a PerkinElmer contribui para diagnósticos mais rápidos?PerkinElmer, Inc.
Uma doença detectada precocemente, pode acelerar a inicialização de tratamentos eficazes, que mudarão a história de vida de crianças portadoras de doenças raras e, de seu núcleo familiar.
Como a PerkinElmer contribui para diagnósticos mais rápidos?PerkinElmer, Inc.
Uma doença detectada precocemente, pode acelerar a inicialização de tratamentos eficazes, que mudarão a história de vida de crianças portadoras de doenças raras e, de seu núcleo familiar.
O documento discute Pré-eclâmpsia, uma condição grave na gravidez caracterizada por pressão arterial elevada que pode ocorrer rapidamente e colocar em risco a vida da mãe e do bebê. A Pré-eclâmpsia afeta 8-10% das gestantes e é uma das principais causas de morte materna e infantil no mundo. Sintomas incluem forte dor de cabeça, dificuldade para respirar, náuseas, alterações de visão, inchaço e ganho de peso rápido. O tratamento precoce com baix
Mais do que nunca, tornou uma premissa para os produtores de carnes, Frigoríficos e Laboratórios, garantirem a segurança e a qualidade dos alimentos que produzem.
Saiba como o DA 7250 pode te ajudar a garantir todos os certificados de segurança e qualidade.
Os kits NEXTflexTM da PerkinElmer fornecem soluções completas para a preparação de bibliotecas para sequenciamento de nova geração (NGS), com protocolos rápidos, alta sensibilidade, flexibilidade e qualidade superior de dados. Os kits estão disponíveis para diversas aplicações como sequenciamento de amplicons de BRCA1 e BRCA2 e RNA pequeno.
O documento descreve o LabChip® GX Touch, uma plataforma de alta tecnologia que integra a praticidade de um sistema de simples operação ao toque dos dedos. O sistema permite realizar análises de eletroforese em chip em questão de segundos, substituindo a tradicional eletroforese em gel. O usuário prepara rapidamente a amostra no chip e obtém resultados qualitativos e quantitativos de DNA ou RNA de forma automática e precisa.
Analysis of Trace Elements in Fertilizer with AVIO 200 ICP-OESPerkinElmer, Inc.
This document summarizes the ability of the Avio 200 ICP-OES to accurately analyze trace elements in fertilizers at levels below Thailand's regulatory limits. Reference materials were digested and analyzed to validate the method. Results for the reference materials showed recoveries within 10% of certified values. Detection limits for the analytes were all below the corresponding regulatory levels in Thailand. The method demonstrated the Avio 200 ICP-OES can accurately measure nutrients and trace elements in fertilizers.
Analysis of Impurities in Semiconductor-Grade Hydrochloric Acid with the NexI...PerkinElmer, Inc.
This document discusses the analysis of impurities in semiconductor-grade hydrochloric acid (HCl) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). HCl is commonly used to clean silicon wafers during semiconductor production, and increasingly stringent purity standards are required. ICP-MS provides the necessary low detection limits for trace metal analysis down to parts-per-trillion levels. However, polyatomic interferences from argon, oxygen, and hydrogen ions must be addressed. The PerkinElmer NexION 2000 ICP-MS uses reaction, cool plasma, and quadrupole modes to remove interferences and achieve detection limits below 1 ng/L for most elements, allowing accurate analysis of impurities in
New Research Evaluating Cisplatin Uptake in Ovarian Cancer Cells by Single Ce...PerkinElmer, Inc.
Application Note
Authors:
Lauren Amable
National Institute on Minority Health and
Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, MD
Stan Smith
Chady Stephan
PerkinElmer, Inc.
Shelton, CT
O documento descreve o cromatógrafo gasoso PerkinElmer Clarus All-In-One, que possui um gerador de gases hidrogênio e ar sintético integrado, eliminando a necessidade de instalação de linhas de gases caras ou centrais de armazenamento de cilindros. O sistema possui manutenção simplificada, tela sensível ao toque, regeneração automática do secador a frio e modo stand-by automático controlado por sensor de hidrogênio.
High Quality DNA Isolation Suitable for Ultra Rapid SequencingPerkinElmer, Inc.
1) Modifications were made to decrease the time for whole genome sequencing (WGS) including faster DNA isolation, optimized sample preparation, sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.
2) DNA isolation using the chemagic MSM I instrument was optimized to isolate DNA from 24 blood samples in 1.5 hours, yielding 40 μg/mL of high quality DNA suitable for sequencing.
3) Sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 was modified for ultra rapid runs, taking approximately 20 hours to sequence a genome to 40x coverage while maintaining over 90% of bases above Q30. Alignment and variant detection using Isaac software took less than 3.5 hours.
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
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"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
2. Elemental Economics - Mineral demand.pdfNeal Brewster
After this second you should be able to: Explain the main determinants of demand for any mineral product, and their relative importance; recognise and explain how demand for any product is likely to change with economic activity; recognise and explain the roles of technology and relative prices in influencing demand; be able to explain the differences between the rates of growth of demand for different products.
1. Elemental Economics - Introduction to mining.pdfNeal Brewster
After this first you should: Understand the nature of mining; have an awareness of the industry’s boundaries, corporate structure and size; appreciation the complex motivations and objectives of the industries’ various participants; know how mineral reserves are defined and estimated, and how they evolve over time.
Financial Assets: Debit vs Equity Securities.pptxWrito-Finance
financial assets represent claim for future benefit or cash. Financial assets are formed by establishing contracts between participants. These financial assets are used for collection of huge amounts of money for business purposes.
Two major Types: Debt Securities and Equity Securities.
Debt Securities are Also known as fixed-income securities or instruments. The type of assets is formed by establishing contracts between investor and issuer of the asset.
• The first type of Debit securities is BONDS. Bonds are issued by corporations and government (both local and national government).
• The second important type of Debit security is NOTES. Apart from similarities associated with notes and bonds, notes have shorter term maturity.
• The 3rd important type of Debit security is TRESURY BILLS. These securities have short-term ranging from three months, six months, and one year. Issuer of such securities are governments.
• Above discussed debit securities are mostly issued by governments and corporations. CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSITS CDs are issued by Banks and Financial Institutions. Risk factor associated with CDs gets reduced when issued by reputable institutions or Banks.
Following are the risk attached with debt securities: Credit risk, interest rate risk and currency risk
There are no fixed maturity dates in such securities, and asset’s value is determined by company’s performance. There are two major types of equity securities: common stock and preferred stock.
Common Stock: These are simple equity securities and bear no complexities which the preferred stock bears. Holders of such securities or instrument have the voting rights when it comes to select the company’s board of director or the business decisions to be made.
Preferred Stock: Preferred stocks are sometime referred to as hybrid securities, because it contains elements of both debit security and equity security. Preferred stock confers ownership rights to security holder that is why it is equity instrument
<a href="https://www.writofinance.com/equity-securities-features-types-risk/" >Equity securities </a> as a whole is used for capital funding for companies. Companies have multiple expenses to cover. Potential growth of company is required in competitive market. So, these securities are used for capital generation, and then uses it for company’s growth.
Concluding remarks
Both are employed in business. Businesses are often established through debit securities, then what is the need for equity securities. Companies have to cover multiple expenses and expansion of business. They can also use equity instruments for repayment of debits. So, there are multiple uses for securities. As an investor, you need tools for analysis. Investment decisions are made by carefully analyzing the market. For better analysis of the stock market, investors often employ financial analysis of companies.
Seminar: Gender Board Diversity through Ownership NetworksGRAPE
Seminar on gender diversity spillovers through ownership networks at FAME|GRAPE. Presenting novel research. Studies in economics and management using econometrics methods.
The Rise of Generative AI in Finance: Reshaping the Industry with Synthetic DataChampak Jhagmag
In this presentation, we will explore the rise of generative AI in finance and its potential to reshape the industry. We will discuss how generative AI can be used to develop new products, combat fraud, and revolutionize risk management. Finally, we will address some of the ethical considerations and challenges associated with this powerful technology.
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2. PerkinElmer
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PerkinElmer Spotlight on Applications e-Zine – Volume 16
PerkinElmer knows that the right training, methods and application support are
as integral to getting answers as the instrumentation. That’s why PerkinElmer has
developed a novel approach to meet the challenges that today’s labs face, delivering
you complete solutions for your application challenges.
We are pleased to share with you our Spotlight on Applications e-zine, which
delivers a variety of topics that address the pressing issues and analytical challenges
you may face in your application areas today.
Our Spotlight on Applications e-zine consists of a broad range of applications you’ll be
able to access at your convenience. Each application in the table of contents includes
an embedded link which takes you directly to the appropriate page within the e-zine.
We invite you to explore, enjoy and learn!
Be sure to receive future
issues by subscribing here.
3. PerkinElmer
CONTENTS
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Environmental
• The Analysis of Water and Wastes by U.S. EPA Method 200.7 Using the Optima 8300 ICP-OES
and prepFAST Auto-Dilution/ Calibration System
• The Measurement of Fullerene C-60 using DSA TOF
Consumer Products
• Screening for Paraben in Texture Cream using DSA TOF
• Detecting Salicylic Acid in Foundation through DSA TOF
Food & Beverage
• Arsenic Speciation Analysis in Brown Rice by HPLC/ICP-MS
• Rapid Measurement of Olive Oil Adulteration with Soybean Oil with Minimal Sample
Preparation Using DSA/TOF
• Arsenic Speciation Analysis in White Rice by HPLC/ICP-MS
• Targeted Screening of 130 Pesticides in QuEChERS Extracts of Lettuce Leaves Using UHPLC-TOF
and High Throughput Screening Software
Pharmaceuticals & Nutraceuticals
• Quantitation of the Amorphicity of Lactose Using Material Pockets
• Implementation of USP New Chapters <232> and <233> on Elemental Impurities
in Pharmaceutical Product
Forensics and Toxicology
• The Benefits of NexION 300D ICP-MS’ Reaction Mode in Removing the Gd+2 Interference
on Selenium in Serum
• The Advantages of the NexION 300D ICP-MS for the Determination of Titanium in Serum
6. Download Entire Application Note
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
A P P L I C A T I O N N O T E
Authors:
Deborah K Bradshaw
Atomic Spectroscopy
Training and Consulting
Laura Thompson
PerkinElmer, Inc.
Shelton, CT
Introduction
The prevention and control of
water pollution is of critical
importance to protecting human
and environmental health.
Monitoring of water and wastes
is an efficacious way to prevent
the introduction of pollutants
and costly remediation of
drinking and environmentally
important waters. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.
EPA), along with local regulatory bodies, is responsible for regulating water
and wastes under the Clean Water Act and the Safe Drinking Water Act.
Depending on the number and type of analytes, the number of samples and
the productivity requirements, several different analytical techniques can be
applied to measure trace elements in water and wastes.
U.S. EPA Method 200.7 Version 4.4 covers the use of inductively coupled
plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) in radial and/or axial viewing
for the determination of metals and some non-metals in water and wastes
for regulatory compliance.1
Method 200.7 contains a lengthy description of
procedures for the collection, preservation and preparation of samples for
analysis. The objective of this work was to complete the method using the
PerkinElmer®
Optima®
8300 ICP-OES coupled with the prepFAST™ Automated
In-Line Auto-Dilution/Calibration System (Elemental Scientific Inc., Omaha, NE).
The Analysis of Water
and Wastes by U.S. EPA
Method 200.7 Using the
Optima 8300 ICP-OES and
prepFAST Auto-Dilution/
Calibration System
ICP-OpticalEmissionSpectroscopy
8. TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Introduction
Arsenic (As) is a well-known toxic element
which has been highly regulated, especially
for drinking water. Although regulatory limits
have been for total arsenic, its toxicity varies widely and is dependent on its chemical
form. For example, inorganic forms of arsenic are highly toxic and carcinogenic.
However, organic forms (such as monomethylarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, and
arsenobetaine) are recognized as non-toxic or as having low toxicity.
The Joint Expert Committee on Food and Additives (JECFA) recognizes the importance
of monitoring inorganic arsenic intake. In 1988, they established a provisional
tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) of 0.015 mg/kg body weight inorganic arsenic.
However, this recommendation was withdrawn in 2010.
In Japan, the average total arsenic intake/person/day is divided between seafood
(53.6%), vegetables and seaweed (35.4%), rice (7.1%), and other sources.1
It is known that the majority of arsenic in marine organisms is in the form of
arsenobetaine, which is non-toxic. However, because of the large quantities of rice
consumed in Japan, it is important to know what forms of arsenic are present in rice.
Arsenic Speciation
Analysis in Brown Rice
by HPLC/ICP-MS
HPLC/ICP-MS
Authors:
Kyoko Kobayashi, Osamu Shikino
Inorganic Product Specialists
PerkinElmer Japan Co., Ltd.
A P P L I C A T I O N N O T E
Download Entire Application Note
9. TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Introduction
Among edible oils, olive oil shows
important and outstanding characteristics
due to its differentiated sensorial qualities
(taste and flavor) and higher nutritional
value. It is an important oil that is high in
nutritional value due to its high content
of antioxidants (including vitamin E)1
.
Several health benefits, such as its ability to lower LDL cholesterol and
its anti-inflammatory activity, associated with its consumption were
initially observed among Mediterranean people2,3
. Olive oil is one of the
most adulterated food products of the world due to its relatively low
production and higher prices as compared to vegetable and seed oils.
Rapid Measurement of
Olive Oil Adulteration
with Soybean Oil with
Minimal Sample
Preparation Using
DSA/TOF
Mass Spectrometry
A P P L I C A T I O N N O T E
Author:
Avinash Dalmia
George L. Perkins
PerkinElmer, Inc.
Shelton, CT USA
Download Entire Application Note
10. TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
HPLC/ICP-MS
A P P L I C A T I O N N O T E
Authors:
Jong Min Park, Sang Kwon Ma
Inorganic Product Specialists
PerkinElmer South Korea
Introduction
There has been a rising concern
about the presence of arsenic in
rice, especially in societies which
consume large quantities of rice. Arsenic can enter rice naturally through the
environment or through the application of pesticides. Because not all arsenic
species are toxic, the ability to measure the different forms is important.
In recent years, it has become common to measure different forms of arsenic
using HPLC/ICP-MS: HPLC separates the forms and ICP-MS detects them as
they elute from the column. The advantage of ICP-MS as an HPLC detector
is that it is very sensitive and can measure trace levels, as demonstrated by
its use to measure impurities in a wide range of electronic materials and
environmental samples.
This work demonstrates the ability to measure various arsenic forms in white
rice, building upon previous work.1,2
Arsenic Speciation
Analysis in White Rice
by HPLC/ICP-MS
Download Entire Application Note
11. TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Introduction:
The Food Quality protection Act (FQPA) in the United States (US)
and the European Union (EU) directive 91/414/EEC require that
if pesticides are present in food they are below agreed levels
due to the health risk posed by pesticides 1, 2
. With the advent of
large scale agricultural production, hundreds of pesticides have
been synthesized in the last century and used widely to protect
crops. Newer pesticides continue to be synthesized for crop usage
which makes it important to analyze both targeted (or expected
analytes) and non-targeted pesticides in food and in the environment. Unlike a triple
quadrupole instrument that only measures targeted analytes (defined by selected multiple
reaction monitoring of analyte ions or MRMs), the time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer
can measure both targeted and non-targeted analytes3
. TOF mass spectrometers collect
full spectrum information and hence the data can be re-examined for the presence of
these “non-targeted” analytes. We present a study of pesticide analysis in a lettuce
leaves extract that was obtained by the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective,
Rugged and Safe) method of food extraction. The lettuce extract was spiked with varying
concentrations of a mix of 130 pesticides and analyzed by Ultra-High Pressure Liquid
Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) with a PerkinElmer AxION®
2 TOF MS
as the detector. We could detect the majority of the pesticides well within the EU limit of
detection (LOD) requirement range of 10 ppb. The data was further analyzed using AxION
SoloTM
high throughput software. The presence of each of the analytes when detected
above the 10 ppb threshold was given a specific color code which helped to rapidly
screen for presence/absence of all 130 analytes in each sample. A combination of short
run times and powerful screening software helped simplify analysis and also reduce the
time of analysis.
Liquid Chromatography/
Mass Spectrometry
A P P L I C A T I O N N O T E
Authors:
Sharanya Reddy
Ariovaldo Bisi
PerkinElmer, Inc.
Targeted Screening of 130
Pesticides in QuEChERS
Extracts of Lettuce Leaves
Using UHPLC-TOF and
High Throughput
Screening Software
Download Entire Application Note
12. Download Entire Application Note
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Introduction
The analysis of bodily fluids for trace
elements is common to monitor
individuals’ exposure to toxic elements
and assess nutritional deficiencies.
To realize these goals, urine, whole
blood, and blood serum are commonly
analyzed for a variety of trace elements.
Although these matrices are similar,
there could be wide variation within
a matrix type among individuals. This work describes a case study involving the
analysis of selenium in blood serum, where the ability to remove the gadolinium
(Gd) doubly-charged interference is demonstrated.
Experimental
Sample Preparation
Ten serum samples and two QC samples (UTAK Serum, Normal and High) were
prepared by 10x dilution in 1% nitric acid. Germanium (10 µg/L) was added as an
internal standard. Quantitative results were determined with Additions Calibrations,
which involves preparing the calibration standards in a representative sample and
measuring all other samples against this calibration curve.
ICP-MS
A P P L I C A T I O N N O T E
Authors
Peter Dickenson1
, Gavin Robinson2
1
PerkinElmer Australia
Melbourne, Victoria 3150
Australia
2
Robinson Scientific
Cambridge 3434
New Zealand
The Benefits of
NexION 300D ICP-MS’
Reaction Mode in
Removing the Gd+2
Interference on
Selenium in Serum
13. Download Entire Application Brief
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
A P P L I C A T I O N B R I E F
ICP-Mass Spectrometry
Introduction
Titanium (Ti) is commonly used in
metallic hip replacement joints.
Owing to wear and tear or
different types of electrochemical
processes that could take place in
the body, there is a serious potential of leakage of Ti into the surrounding
tissues. As such, it is important to monitor the Ti serum levels in patients
that have undergone or are due to undergo a hip replacement surgery. The
analysis of Ti in serum by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
(ICP-MS) faces many challenges due to significant spectroscopic
interferences from Ca on the major isotope of Ti (m/z 48) and other
molecular ions such as PO+
, SO+
, CO2
+
, ArC+
and NO2
+
.
The PerkinElmer NexION®
300D ICP-MS is a robust, highly innovative
cell-based system benefitting from three quadrupoles with the middle
one acting as a universal cell. This cell can be used both as a collision cell
using inert gases, such as He, and as a true dynamic reaction cell with
the benefits of using the most appropriate reactive gas for the efficient
targeting of any spectral interference. In this work, we describe a method
to shift the Ti ions away from the interferences using Reaction mode with
ammonia as the reaction gas to determine the concentration of Ti in serum.
The Advantages of the
NexION 300D ICP-MS
for the Determination
of Titanium in Serum
Authors:
Fadi Abou-Shakra
David Price
PerkinElmer, Inc.
Shelton, CT
14. TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Download Entire Application Note
Summary
Lactose is a very important pharmaceutical excipient used in tablet and
inhalation products. It is prone to forming amorphous regions on processing
however, and can be problematical to characterize the exact amount of
amorphic material in a sample. This application note describes a DMA
method for quantitatively determining the amorphic content of lactose
using the PerkinElmer®
Material Pocket. The complex tan δ response will
be interpreted and an indication of the detection limits of the technique
will be discussed.
Introduction
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) is one of the most appropriate methods
to investigate relaxation events. This fact, until now, has not been
exploited for powdered materials due to the difficulty in handling them in
mechanical tests. The Material Pocket was developed to allow powdered
materials to be investigated in a DMA 8000. The size of the observed
glass transition in the tan δ response is directly proportional to the
amount of amorphous material in the sample. As the crystalline component
has no glass transition, it has no contribution to the result obtained.
DMA works by applying an oscillating force to the material and the resultant
displacement of the sample is measured. From this, the stiffness can be
determined and the modulus and tan δ can be calculated. Tan δ is the
ratio of the loss modulus to the storage modulus. By measuring the phase
lag in the displacement compared to the applied force it is possible to
determine the damping properties of the material. Tan δ is plotted against
temperature and glass transition is normally observed as a peak since the
material will absorb energy as it passes through the glass transition.
Thermal Analysis
A P P L I C A T I O N N O T E
Quantitation of
the Amorphicity
of Lactose Using
Material Pockets
15. TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
WHITE
PAPER
Implementation of USP New Chapters <232> and <233>
on Elemental Impurities in Pharmaceutical Products
Introduction
For more than 100 years, the standard method for measuring
elemental impurities in pharmaceutical products sold in the
United States has been the “Heavy Metals Test,” described
in Chapter 231 of the United States Pharmacopeia’s (USP)
National Formulary (NF).1
This test is based on a sulfide
precipitation of the analyte elements with a thioacetamide
(C2H5NS) solution, and assumes that all analytes behave in
a similar manner to a lead standard with which samples are
compared. When the USP heavy metals method was first
published, it was only intended as a screening tool with results
being reported as < 10 ppm Pb. Additionally, although USP
Chapter <231> is listed as a “Heavy Metals Test,” it was
initially intended to detect a larger group of elements like Pb,
Hg, Bi, As, Sb, Sn, Cd, Ag, Cu, Mo, and Se, but there was no
clear definition of which individual elements the method was
expected to detect.
One of the many limitations of this approach is the assumption
that the reaction mechanism for the formation of the sulfides
in the sample is very similar to the formation of lead sulfide
in the standard solution and is not impacted significantly by
the sample matrix. However, since many metals’ sulfides can
form colloids, which behave very differently to solutions, the
method requires that the visual comparison is performed in a
relatively short period of time (< 5 mins.) after the precipitate
has formed but before the sample starts to become unstable.
The problem is that different analysts can differ in their
interpretation of a result by how they perform the visual
comparison, and it is fairly typical that inexperienced analysts
may not understand the subtleties of how to accurately and
consistently read the sample and standard solutions each time.
Another limitation of the technique is that ~ 2 g of sample is
required in order to achieve the desired detection capability.
Such a large sample weight is often difficult to acquire at
the early stages of drug development due to the very limited
supply. This is additionally compounded by the sample
preparation procedure, involving ashing at 600 °C and acid
dissolution of the sample residue, which is notoriously prone
to sample losses. In fact, some studies have shown that up
to 50% of the metals may be lost during the ashing process,
particularly the volatile elements like selenium (Se) and
mercury (Hg). The loss of metals is also matrix-dependent,
and because the procedures are time-consuming and
labor-intensive, recoveries can vary significantly among
differing analysts.
Expert Committee Findings
The general consensus by a panel of experts in a 2008
workshop organized by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) was that
the current methodology for metals testing was inadequate
and should be replaced by instrumental methods of greater
specificity and sensitivity for a wide range of metals of interest.
The challenge, however, was finding a suitable analytical
method and combining it with risk assessment studies to get a
better understanding of what metals have a negative impact on
public health. Due to known toxicity effects and the potential
for contamination in pharmaceutical ingredients, there was
agreement that lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), and
cadmium (Cd) would need to be measured at toxicologically-
relevant concentrations. In addition, metal catalysts such as
the platinum group metals (PGMs) – platinum (Pt), palladium
(Pd), ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), and rubidium (Rb) – used
in the production of many pharmaceuticals, should be included
based on the likelihood of them being present. Also, a wider
range of metals used as organometallic reagents were used
in the manufacturing process and therefore at risk of being
present. An important consideration was the form of the metal,
particularly with arsenic and mercury. For example, dietary
Author
PerkinElmer, Inc.
Shelton, CT
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