This document defines key terms related to safety and defensive driving such as motor vehicle, highway, and traffic. It then summarizes the two inspections drivers must undertake: the motor vehicle safety inspection which checks components like the battery, lights, oil, etc., and the documents inspection which involves checking a driver's license, certificate of registration, and license plates. It outlines types of licenses and provides an overview of traffic signs, lines, and regulations in the Philippines according to the Land Transportation and Traffic Code.

4. WHAT IS SAFETY or DEFENSIVE DRIVING?
Definitions:
Motor Vehicle (MV) – shall mean any vehicle propelled by any
power other than muscular power and using the public highways.
Highway – shall mean any public roads including “callejon”, but shall
not include private owned roadways.
– is a movement from one place to another “vice versa”.
Traffic
Is the act of driving while preventing accidents
Safety – a device designed to PREVENT accident .

5. There are TWO inspections that we have to
undertake prior to operating a MV:
1. MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY INSPECTION
B
L
O
W
B
A
G
A
T
E
S
- Battery
- Lights
- Oil
- Water
- Brakes
- Air
- Gas
- Accessories
- Tire
- Engine
- Self

6. 2. DOCUMENTS INSPECTION
a. DRIVERS LICENSE
R.A. 4136, Sec. 19. DUTY TO HAVE LICENSE -
Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Act,
it shall be unlawful for any person to operate any
motor vehicle without having in his possession a
valid license to drive a motor vehicle.

7. Types of Drivers License
1. Professional - a drivers license used by a public utility or for hire
vehicle drivers
2. Non-Professional - a drivers license used only for private vehicles
driver.
* Student Permit - is not a license it is a permit to practice driving while
accompanied by a duly license driver.

8. “ Drivers License is a privilege given by the
government, if and when requested by the authority
we must comply in order to avoid unnecessary delay
or additional violations. Which might cause for
suspension, revocation of your drivers license or
imprisonment for refusal to surrender your drivers
license, driving without license and or disobedience
to an agent of a person in authority.”

9. R.A. 4136, Sec. 5 – “No MV shall be used or
operate on or upon any public highways, unless it
was properly registered with the Land
Transportation Office (LTO) for the current year.
b. CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION and OFFICIAL
RECEIPT of a motor vehicle.
Registration Classification
1. Private
2. For Hire
3. Government
4. Diplomatic

10. •Memo Cir No. 94-209, Registration of New Private
Vehicle
1. Conduction Sticker – “shall be used exclusively for
the transfer, road test, and demonstration of stocks by
manufacturers and dealers including delivery of the
unit to the customer by a professional driver employed
by manufacturer, assembler, importer or dealer so
authorized in writing, NOT by the owner or his driver.
The conduction stickers VALIDITY CEASES when the
unit is delivered to the owner. It is NOT A PERMIT to
operate an UNREGISTERED vehicle for seven (7) days.”

11. c. License Plates
1. Private Plates (Green on White)
2. For Hire (Black on Yellow)
Month
Day
Region
(R9 ARMM)
Always “V”
In the center

12. 4. Diplomat (Blue on White)
3. Government (Red on White)
Always started
With “S”

13. 5. Duplicate Plates (Blue on White)
Letter “F” for “front” plate
Letter “R” for “Rear” plate
Note: Letter “D” also found as “Duplicate” plate.

14. To prevent further injuries and most probably death in case of traffic
accident.
NOW YOU ARE READY TO DRIVE!
Upon starting your vehicle don’t forget to wear your…
Seat Belt for 4 wheels driving
Helmet for 2 or 3 wheels driving

15. International Traffic Signs conducted
by UN the Vienna Convention on Road
Signs and Signals of November 8, 1968
Four (4) Traffic Signs that are
Adopted in the Philippines
TRAFFIC RULES AND REGULATIONS

16. A. TRAFFIC ROAD SIGNS
1. Warning Signs
4 Types of Traffic Signs
2. Regulatory Signs
3. Mandatory Signs
4. Informative Signs

17. WARNING SIGNS

18. REGULATORY SIGNS

19. MANDATORY SIGNS
these are directional signs by which the drivers are
obliged to follow

20. INFORMATIVE SIGNS

21. B. TRAFFIC LINES
a. Broken Lines
Passing to the left or right is allowed provided the way is clear

22. b. Solid Lines
prohibited to overtake, not safe to pass

23. c. Double Lines
prohibited and passable lane

24. d. Pedestrian Lines

25. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 4136
Also known as the
“LAND TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFIC CODE”
The provision of this act shall control, as far as they
apply, the registration and operation of motor
vehicles and the licensing of owners, dealers,
conductors, drivers and similar matters.

26. D. VIOLATION OF TRAFFIC RULES AND REGULATION
1. Initial Violations
1. MV Accessories
2. Driving without / Failure to wear helmet
(R.A. 10054, known as helmet law)
3. Overloading
4. Hitching
5. Obstruction
6. Parking on No Parking Zone
7. Dilapidated MV
8. Dress Code
9. Failure to give way
10. Broken / No windshield/ Head or Signal lights
11. Reckless Driving
12. No/ Dirty/ Poor Visibility/ Improper Display of Plates
13. Disregarding Traffic sign

27. 2. Major Violations and Impoundable Offence
1. Driving without license (Fine and imprisonment)
2. Driving under the influence of liquor or drugs (DUI)
3. No OR/CR Carried
4. Unregistered
5. Colorum
6. Illegal Transfer of Plates
7. Illegal Change of Color
8. Illegal Change of Body Design
9. Illegal Change of Engine or Chassis
10. Tampered Engine or Chassis numbers
11. Carnapped or Stolen MV

28. PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 96
(P.D.96)
Declaring unlawful use or attachment of sirens, bells, horns, whistles or
similar gadgets that emit exceptionally loud or startling sounds, including DOME
LIGHTS and other similar SIGNALING or FLASHING DEVICES on motor vehicles.
It only allows to official used of ARMED FORCES, PNP, NBI, LTO, FIRE
DEPARTMENT and HOSPITAL AMBULANCE.
LETTER OF INSTRUCTION NO. 229
(Directing the Installation of Early Warning Devices on Motor
Vehicle)
This must be reflectorized plates in RED and YELLOW colors at least 5
cms. at the base and 40 cms. at the side, to be installed at least 4 meters away
to the front and rear of the motor vehicle.

29. ARTICLE III.- Administration Act, Sec. 4 (d) (7)
The PNP and the city and the municipality police
forces are hereby given authority, primary
responsibility and Act, and to carry out the police
provisions hereof within their respective jurisdiction:
provided, that all apprehension made shall be
submitted for final disposition to the commissioner
and his deputies within twenty-four hours from the
date of apprehension.

30. Measure of Enforcement
 R.A. 4136, Article III, Sec. 62
 Final Provisions
 No provincial board, city or municipal board or
council shall enact or enforce any ordinance or
resolution in conflict with the provision of this act,
or prohibiting any deputy or agent of the
Commission to enforce this act within their
respective territorial jurisdiction and provisions of
any charter.

31. MANDATORY SIGN

32. WARNING SIGN

33. INFORMATIVE SIGN

34. REGULATORY SIGN

37. Definition:
R.A.10883
Also known as the New Anti-Carnapping Act of 2016
1.Carnapping-
2. Defacing or Tampering - is the changing or altering the original chassis
or engine numbers.
3. Motor Vehicle (MV) - shall mean any vehicle propelled by any power
other than muscular power and using the public highways. .
4. Highway- shall mean any public roads including “callejon”, but shall not
include private owned roadways.
is an MV from the owner with
taking without consent
intent to gain.

38. 5. "Repainting" is changing the color of a motor vehicle by means of
painting. There is repainting whenever the new color of a motor
vehicle is different from its color as registered in the Land
Transportation Commission.
8. "Dismantling" is the tearing apart, piece by piece or part by part,
of a motor vehicle.
7."Remodeling" is the introduction of some changes in the shape or
form of the body of the motor vehicle.lawphi1™
9."Overhauling" is the cleaning or repairing of the whole engine of
a motor vehicle by separating the motor engine and its parts from
the body of the motor vehicle.
6."Body-building" is a job undertaken on a motor vehicle in order to
replace its entire body with a new body.
the body of the motor vehicle.

39. Section 13. Penal Provisions. Any person who violates any provisions
of this Act shall be punished with imprisonment for not less than two
years nor more than six years and a fine equal in amount to the
acquisition cost of the motor vehicle, motor vehicle engine or any
other part involved in the violation: Provided, That if the person
violating any provision of this Act is a juridical person, the penalty
herein provided shall be imposed on its president or secretary
and/or members of the board of directors or any of its officers and
employees who may have directly participated in the violation.
Any government official or employee who directly commits
the unlawful acts defined in this Act or is guilty of gross negligence of
duty or connives with or permits the commission of any of the said
unlawful act shall, in addition to the penalty prescribed in the
preceding paragraph, be dismissed from the service with prejudice
to his reinstatement and with disqualification from voting or being
voted for in any election and from appointment to any public office.

40. Section 20. Sec. 14 of Republic Act No. 6539, as amended, known as the Anti-
Carnapping Act of 1972, is hereby amended to read as follows:
“Sec. 14. Penalty for Carnapping. – Any person who is found guilty of carnapping, as
this term is defined in Section Two of this Act, shall, irrespective of the value of motor
vehicle taken, be punished by imprisonment for not less than fourteen years and
eight months and not more than seventeen years and four months, when the
carnapping is committed without violence or intimidation of persons, or force upon
things; and by imprisonment for not less than seventeen years and four months and
not more than thirty years, when the carnapping is committed by means of violence
against or intimidation of any person, or force upon things; and the penalty of
reclusion perpetua to death shall be imposed when the owner, driver or occupant of
the carnapped motor vehicle is killed or raped in the course of the commission of the
carnapping or on the occasion thereof.”
R.A. 7659

41. The HPG maintain thorough and well defined procedures
in its carnapping reporting system, it has categorized
carnapped/stolen motor vehicle (MVs/MCs) as among those
vehicles the circumstances of loss either fall as follows:
a) Taking of MV Without the owner’s Consent
> TAKEN WITHOUT OWNERS’ CONSENT (TWOC)
b) Taking of MV by means of Violence Against or
intimidation of person/s
> STOLEN AT GUN POINT WITH INTIMIDATION
(SAGPI)
c) Taking of MV with force Upon things
> STOLEN WHILE PARKED UNATTENDED (SWPU)

42. Requirements for Nation-Wide Alarm
 1. Blotter Report/Police Report/IRF
 2. Original OR/CR
 3. Affidavit of the owner or possessor
 4. Deed of Sale incase of second owner
 5. Picture 2x2
 6. MV picture
 7. Original or Duplicate MV Key
 8. Valid ID’s
 9. SPA (if representative)
 10. LTO pullout records
 11. Insurance Policy