Penetration Testing: Simulates real-world cyber attacks to identify vulnerabilities and assess the security posture of a system or network. Vulnerability Assessment: Identifies and classifies vulnerabilities within a system, providing a basis for strengthening the overall security posture.

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VULNERABILITY
ASSESSMENT
PENETRATION
TESTING

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Objective
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penetration testing
Penetration Testing aims
to detect and exploit
vulnerabilities in a system
or network to evaluate its
security posture.
vulnerability assessment
Vulnerability Assessment
aims to identify and
categorize vulnerabilities
in a system or network
without exploiting them.

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Approach
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penetration testing
Penetration Testing
involves manual
techniques and simulates
real-world attacks for a
more realistic evaluation.
vulnerability assessment
Vulnerability Assessment
often uses automated
scanning tools and
provides a broad overview
of vulnerabilities.

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Analysis
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penetration testing
Penetration Testing
provides a deeper
understanding of the
impact of successful
attacks and helps validate
security measures.
vulnerability assessment
Vulnerability Assessment
provides a broad and
shallow view of
vulnerabilities without going
into detailed exploitation.

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Frequency
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penetration testing
Penetration Testing is
conducted periodically,
especially after significant
system changes, to assess
the security controls'
effectiveness and to
identify any new
vulnerabilities.
vulnerability assessment
Vulnerability Assessment
can be performed regularly
or as part of a routine
security audit to ensure
continuous monitoring of the
system's security posture.

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Outputs
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penetration testing
Penetration Testing
provides detailed insights
into vulnerabilities,
including the impact of
successful attacks, and
offers actionable
recommendations.
vulnerability assessment
Vulnerability Assessment
reports typically provide a
list of identified
vulnerabilities along with
their severity ratings and
recommendations for
mitigation or remediation.

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