2. Most Essential Learning Competency
Compose an independent critique of a chosen
Selection (EN10WC-IIIg-14)
Learning Objectives:
1. explain the elements of a short story; and
2. critique a given short story based on its elements.
1
5. Read the Summary of Guy de Maupassant’s
“The Necklace”
1. Who is the protagonist of the story "The Necklace"?
2. What is the economic status of Mathilde Loisel's
family?
3. What does Mathilde regret about her life?
4. What does Mathilde dream of having and what does
she feel she needs to be desirable?
5. Who is Mathilde's wealthy friend and why does she
refuse to visit her?
6. What is Mathilde's reaction when her husband invites
her to a formal party?
6. 7. How does Mathilde acquire the necklace she wears to the
party?
8. What happens to the necklace at the end of the party?
9. How do the Loisels' lives change after the loss of the
necklace?
10. What is the significance of the ending of the story?
11. Describe France's culture during the time when Guy de
Maupassant wrote the Necklace.
12. Compare and contrast the culture of France and the
Philippines at the time when Guy de Maupassant wrote "The
Necklace".
13. What significant cultural event was happening in the
Philippines at the time Guy de Maupassant wrote "The
Necklace"?
7. WHAT IS IT
A short story is a short work of fiction that is
usually centered around one single event. It
is limited in scope and has an introduction,
body, and conclusion. The effectiveness of a
short story may be evaluated based on the
following elements:
8. 1. Setting
It refers to the time and place in which it
happens.
2. Character and Characterization
Character refers to a person, or sometimes even
an animal, who takes part in the action of a short
story or other literary work. Characterization
deals with how the characters in the story are
described.
9. Characters could be classified according to
their roles in the short story, as follows:
- The protagonist is the central person in a
story
- The antagonist is the character(s) or
situation that represents the opposition
against which the protagonist must contend.
10. - An anti-hero is a major character who lacks
conventional nobility of mind, and who struggles
for values not deemed universally admirable.
- A foil is any character, whose personal qualities
contrast with another character, usually the
protagonist.
- A confidante is someone in whom the central
character confides, thus revealing the main
character’s personality, thoughts, and intentions.
11. Additionally, characters may also be classified
according to their personalities in the short
story, as follows:
- A dynamic character is a person who
changes over time
- - A static character is someone who does
not change over time
12. - A round character is anyone who has a
complex personality
- A flat character is the opposite of a round
character
- A stock character is a conventional or
stereotypical character who is instantly
recognizable to readers
13. On the other hand, characterization may be
revealed in the following ways:
- In direct characterization, the reader is
told what the character is like.
- In indirect characterization, the reader
infers what the character is about.
14. A character can be revealed:
• by psychological
description;
• by physical description;
• by probing what s/he
thinks;
• by what the character
says;
• by how the character
says it;
• by what the character
does;
• by what others say about
the character;
• by the character’s
environment;
• by the character’s reaction
to others; and
• by the character’s reaction
to himself/herself.
15. 3. Plot
It refers to a series of events and character
actions that relate to the central conflict.
16. 4. Narrator and Point of View
Narrator refers to the person telling the story
while the point of view refers to whose eyes the
story is being told.
Point of view may be classified into six types, as
follows:
- Third person-Omniscient where the story is told
by an outside narrator
17. - Third person-Limited Omniscient where the
attention of the reader is focused on one
character
- Third person-Objective or Dramatic where the
outside narration lacks any interior thinking
because the readers can only observe exterior
actions and dialogues, and from these, they infer a
character's thoughts.
18. - First person-Central where the story is
told by the main character.
- First person-Peripheral where the
narrator uses "I" or '"my.”
- Second Person where the narration is
based upon the address of one speaker to a
second person.
19. 5. Style and Tone
- refer to the author’s choice of vocabulary,
use of imagery, or the feeling of the story.
6. Theme
-refers to the central idea or belief in a short
story.
20. To determine whether a short story is good or not, you may
use the following checklist:
21.
22.
23. Now that you
already know the factors
to be considered in
evaluating a story,
RECALL/REREAD the
story “The Necklace”,
then explain what you
liked or disliked about it
in terms of the elements
indicated in the given
graphic organizer.
24. Choose a short
story to read and
evaluate. Rate its
elements as either
poor, fair, or good.
Explain your
rating under the
“comment” section.
Do this on a
separate sheet of
paper.
Editor's Notes
Afterwards label each paragraph according to the parts of a persuasive writing. Choose from the options given below: Introduction , body, conclusion
Have you ever tried asking your parents for an increase in your allowance, or convincing your friends to do something for you? If you did and you succeeded, then you must have good persuasive skill and you can channel this skill into writing.
Persuasive texts may be in the form of essays in books, articles in newspapers and magazines, posters and, of course, advertisements. All these forms of persuasion try to get the readers to agree or to take an action.
1. Setting- Authors often use descriptions of landscapes, scenery, buildings, seasons, or weather to provide a strong sense of setting.
Characters could be classified according to their roles in the short story, as follows:
- The protagonist often referred to as the story's main character, is faced with a conflict that must be resolved.
- The antagonist -is an obstacle that the protagonist must overcome.
- An anti-hero is a major character, usually the protagonist, who lacks conventional nobility of mind, and who struggles for values not deemed universally admirable.
- A foil is any character, usually the antagonist or an important supporting character, whose personal qualities contrast with another character, usually the protagonist.
- A confidante -does not need to be a person.
Additionally, characters may also be classified according to their personalities in the short story, as follows:
- A dynamic character -usually the result of resolving a central conflict or facing a major crisis. Most dynamic characters tend to be central characters because resolving the conflict is their major role.
- A static character -his or her personality does not transform or evolve.
- A round character - he or she is often portrayed as a conflicted and contradictory person.
- A flat character -This literary personality is notable for one kind of personality trait or characteristic.
- A stock character is a conventional or stereotypical character who is instantly recognizable to readers (e.g., the mad scientist, the geeky boy with glasses, etc.).
On the other hand, characterization may be revealed in the following ways:
- In direct characterization, -based on what the narrator directly says or thinks about a character.
- In indirect characterization-based on what the character says or does.
Point of view may be classified into six types, as follows:
- Third person-Omniscient -who can get inside the thoughts and feelings of any character; thus, offering a lot of information to the readers.
- Third person-Limited Omniscient -because the author tells the story by entering the mind of one key character (usually the protagonist).
- Third person-Objective or Dramatic -The author simply describes gestures and actions that indirectly show how a character feels, thinks, and deals with internal conflict.
- First person-Central -It allows the author to bring the reader closer to the character and create more sympathy for the character's struggles.
- First person-Peripheral where the narrator uses "I" or '"my.”
- Second Person -It uses the "you" and "your" pronouns throughout the short story.
5. Style and Tone
-It has to do with the author’s attitude toward the subject.
6. Theme
-It is built on a topic, such as death, hope, etc., and how the topic affects the human condition, society, or life.
WHAT’S MORE
For a short story to be good, it must reach the level of satisfaction that readers expect from a literary work. To determine whether a short story is good or not, you may use the following checklist:
