Patterns_of_Development in Writing in Reading and Writing

Direction: Use the following pattern symbols represented by
each letter to unlock the given codes in order to decipher the
hidden word/s represented by those symbols.
A B C O N P X
D E F R S T
I L M U

Patterns of
Development in
Writing

What is a pattern of a written text?
 Writing Pattern or Pattern of Paragraph
Development refers to a specific strategy or
method that a writer uses to develop ideas in a
paragraph.
 It suggests a type of support for an idea that
one can use in a type of paragraph.
 It also helps a writer how to make sense of the
different pieces of information.

event narrat e
N A R R A T I O
N
vi vi d
ski l l

I. Narration
 It is a writing pattern that is
used to tell story or focus on a
set of related events.
 It contains the plot which gives
direction in the story.
Signal Words
suddenly,after second,during next, soon
Then,later finally eventually

Last night, I was walking on my way home
when it suddenly rained. I forgot to bring my
umbrella, so I ran to avoid getting completely
soaked in the rain. Not seeing where I was going, I
fell into a puddle of water. Then a guy helped me
stand up. When I looked up, I recognized him.
Soon, I forgot that I was soaking wet and that I was
very cold. He offered to walk me home, and I just
nodded. The next day, he and I saw each other at
school. At last, we talked like old friends.
Narration paragraph example:

sensory l oo
k
D E S C R I P T I O N
real i st i c
qual i t
y

II. Description
 It is a pattern of development that goes
into detail about a specific object,
person, or location, in order to firmly
set its appearance.
 It appeals to the reader’s senses.
Signal Words
Above
across
Throughout
under
In front of
near
Behind
inside
Beneath
beside
On top of
between

D E F IN IT IO N
inform cont rovers
y

III. Definition
 It tells the reader what term or concept
is being defined.
 It may be formal or informal in giving
definition or meaning of a term or concept.
Signal Words
is defined as means to define
as defined refers to to illustrate

CLASSIFICATION AND
EXEMPLIFICA
TION
criteria

IV.Classification and Exemplification
Classification
-divides things into groups, classes, or
categories
-organizes ideas into divisions
based on criteria or standards

Signal Words for Classification
another classified
as
one kind the last
group
another
kind
final type the first
category
the next
part

Exemplification
-provides examples and illustrations in
order to further clarify or explain the
concept or subject matter
-presents the general statement and
then provides specific and concrete
examples to expound on the main idea

Signal Words for Exemplification
after all for instance namely that is
as an
example
in other
words
put another
way
to be
specific
consider the
following
in particular specifically to clarify
for example in short stated
differently
to illustrate

Dogs are domesticated animals that have
been living with humans for generations. Dogs
can be classified in a number of different ways.
For example, they can be classified by breed.
Examples of different breeds include beagles,
basset hounds, poodles and countless others as
defined by the American Kennel Club (AKC).
They can also be classified by their role in the
lives of their masters and the work they do. For
example, a dog might be a family pet, a working
dog, a show dog, or a hunting dog. In many cases,
dogs are defined both by their breed and their role.
For example, a dog could be a beagle that is a
family pet.
Example:

V. Comparison and Contrast
It organizes ideas based on how
events, places, people, things, and
concepts are similar to or different
from one another

Signal Words for Comparing
also equally in the same
way
similarly
as in a similar
fashion
like to compare
both in
comparison
likewise

Signal Words for Contrasting
although despite instead otherwise
and yet even so however still
as opposed
to
even
though
nevertheless the fact
remains
but in contrast nonetheless unlike
conversely in spite of on the
contrary
whereas
counter to in the
meantime
on the other
hand
yet

VI. Cause and Effect
 It explains why something happens or
what results from a particular event
produces.
 It focuses on the reason and the result
or consequences of a certain phenomenon.

Signal Words for Cause
as for in view of
(the fact)
owing to
(the
fact)
because
(of the fact)
for the
reason that
In as much
as
seeing that
being that in that one reason since
due to
(the fact that)

Signal Words for Effect
accordingly consequently in
consequence
so that
as a
consequence
for this
reason
so therefore
as a result
(of this)
hence so much (so)
that
thus
because
(of this)

Salmonellosis is a type of food poisoning
caused by “Salmonella Enterica Bacterium”
people who are infected with such illness
experience abdominal cramps, fever, and
diarrhea. Consequently, they suffer from
severe dehydration, vomiting headaches, and
body aches. Furthermore, salmonellosis can
lead to complications, such as Reiler’s
syndrome (reactive arthritis) and focal
infection.

VII. Problem-Solution
 It organizes ideas into problems
and offers solutions.
Signal Words
but the
problem
one solution is
first, second the
solution
one way is
nonetheless one reason
for the

Obesity among adults showed a gradually
increasing trend as it has become one of the major
problems in the Philippines nowadays. This
problem is made worse by bad habits such as lack
of physical activity, excessive smoking and
unhealthy diets. Aside from healthier eating habits,
one solution to this would be to exercise on a daily
basis. There are even easy and convenient ways to
exercise at home or even at work. That’s why,
before it’s too late, obese adults should take this
into consideration before it aggravates and might
lead to more complicated illnesses.

VIII. Persuasion
 It convinces readers to agree to an
argument or claim about a particular
topic.
 It shows how a set of evidence
leads to a logical conclusion or
argument.
 It presents the issue, position, and
supporting evidence.

Signal Words for
Emphasizing a
Point
again in
that
case
to
emphasiz
e
truly
for
this
reason
indeed to repeat with
this in
mind
in fact

Education is a right and not just a privilege.
First of all, one of the rights of a child is the right to
education. He has the right to learn, to know, to
explore, and to discover. Thus, education must be
available for all without discrimination. Not one’s
status in society should dictate if one deserves quality
education or not. As observed, illiteracy of some
affects everyone. Meanwhile, this problem of
illiteracy happens to someone who can’t afford
school and is usually in the marginalized sectors.
Basically, education heals ignorance. Therefore, let
education be given to everyone. Hence, education is
and should be a right. Government should strengthen
and empower education for all.

Hosted by: Ma’am Airene
READING AND WRITING SKILLS

In this paragraph pattern, the writer
uses transition words that depict a
sequence in events.
Excellent!
X
X
X
C Classification
B Definition
A Narration
D Exemplification

Which of the following patterns provides
details on the idea by using a sensory or
the five senses?
BRAVO!
X
X
X
C Description
B Definition
A Narration
D Exemplification

Which pattern focuses on presenting points
of view and seeks on encouraging its readers
to accept a particular argument?
Very good!
X
X X
C Comparison and
Contrast
B Problem-Solution
A Cause and Effect
D Persuasion

Which would best suit a text that aims to discuss
the taxonomy of a group of fossils that were
recently discovered by a paleontologist?
GREAT!
X
X
X
C Narration
B Classification
A Cause and Effect
D Exemplification

What pattern presents the reasons
and possible results of an event?
Superb! X
X X
C Narration
B Discription
A Cause and Effect
D Problem-Solution

Writing Activity: ½ cw
Analyze the following
paragraphs and identify what
pattern of written text and
transitional signals are used in
each reading selection.

An earthquake can be classified into three
main types based on plate movements. The first
type is known as a convergent boundary. Also
known as a destructive plate boundary. This
typically happens when two tectonic plates move
toward one another and collide. The second type of
earthquake is called the divergent boundary. During
this type of earthquake, two plates are forced to
move away from each other resulting in a rift zone.
The last type is called the conservative plate
boundary or transform fault. During this type of
earthquake, two tectonic plates slide past one
CLASSIFICATION

Every summer, my brothers and I spend our
vacation in my Lola’s house. It always feels like my
first home. It is already an old house. You could
already say it’s old because of the worn-out fences.
Still, I love spending my summer there. When you go
inside, that musty smell welcomes you, or the smell
of rice cakes from the kitchen. Lola really loves to
make rice cakes and my favorite is ‘suman’. Every
day is a fun day. My brothers and I would either play
in Lola’s backyard with her dog, Bantay, or go to the
river nearby. The next morning, she would then cook
delicious meals and they were all tasty. Lola’s home
is always a happy home
DESCRIPTION

Yesterday, Thea and her two brothers,
Michael and Edward had the most wonderful
time together. They strolled into the mall. Then,
they went inside the department store and bought
bucket hats and matching shirts. Next, for lunch,
they ate at their favorite restaurant, ordered the
usual chicken and rice combo, and shared many
funny moments. After that, they watched a
comedy movie and laughed their hearts out.
After a long day, they went home tired but
fulfilled. They definitely shared good moments
together and bonded more as siblings.
NARRATION

Miko certainly loves his two best friends,
Anton and Abu. However, they have completely
diverse personalities. Although Anton and Abu
both have strict parents, their attitudes are very
different. Anton is very conservative and always
careful with his words. In contrast, Abu is very
outgoing and is always careless when he talks.
When it comes to hobbies, they are also
different. Anton loves reading books while Abu
loves fishing in the river. However, even though
they are totally different, they all agree on one
thing, and that is playing basketball. That’s how
they always bond and keep their friendship.
COMPARE
AND
CONTRAST

I was once asked by my college professor
before, “What is passion?” This is a typical question
for a painter and an artist like me. As they say, you
will never excel as an artist if you don’t have passion
within you. What is ‘passion’? My teacher once told
me that passion comes from the Latin root ‘pati-‘,
meaning ‘suffering, or enduring’. From then on, my
teacher taught me that passion is not just something
you earn in a night or after studying arts. It’s
something you have to learn over the course of life. I
then learned that passion is something I need to learn
to feel by enduring not just the highs of life but also
the downtimes. It also goes with loving what I do.
DEFINITION

ASSIGNMENT
Write a paragraph using
the different patterns of written
text. Among the two (2) topics
with certain patterns given,
choose only one (1) that
interests you and makes you
comfortable.

Topic 1: Environment Advocacy
Global Warming is still one of the world’s problems.
Experts are still working on how to solve this. If you were
given a chance to speak in front of 200 young learners, how
are you going to discuss Global Warming with them in a brief
speech? Using the patterns Classification, Cause and Effect,
and Problem-Solution, write a 10- sentence paragraph
classifying some of the existing problems, discussing the
reasons why these problems exist, explaining the effect of it
and stating solutions to these.
Topic 2: Travel Blog
You are a travel blogger. You want to share
the best travel that you had before. Using the patterns
of Narration, Description, and Definition, write a 10-
sentence paragraph narrating your travel experience,
describing the beauty of the place, and defining a
certain tradition or practice that you observed in that
place.

Thank you
Some are born great, some achieve greatness,
and some have greatness thrust upon them.
William Shakespeare

Patterns_of_Development in Writing in Reading and Writing

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