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Pathology of skin tumors in detail 12.pptx
- 1. Non- melanocytic tumour DrAvinash Thakur Department of Pathology
- 2. SKIN TUMOURS 1. Epidermaltumours 2. Adnexal tumours 3. Melanocytic tumours 4. Soft tissue tumors 5. Lymphomas
- 4. BENIGN Epidermal Tumors •Seborrheic Keratosis • Acanthosis Nigricans • Fibroepithelial Polyp (skin tag) • Epidermal (inclusion) Cyst • Adnexal tumours : Eccrine, Apocrine • Keratoacanthoma
- 5. SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA(SCC) • Common skin tumor arising on sun-exposed sites in older people • Usually discovered when small and resectable. • Less than 5% of these tumors metastasize to regional nodes Lesions deeply invasive and involve the subcutis.
- 6. COMMON SITES • Face •Pinna of ear • Back of hands • Mucocutaneous junction Lips ,Anal canal , Glans penis • Preexisting inflammatory and degenerative lesions .
- 7. AETIOLOGY 1. premalignant lesions(actinic keratosis) 2. exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light 3. Xeroderma pigmentosum (inherited defects in DNA repair) 4. chronic ulcers & draining osteomyelitis 5. old burn scars (Marjolin’s ulcer) 6. ionizing radiation 7. Industrial carcinogens 8. Immunosuppression
- 8. GROSS MORPHOLOGY OF SQUAMOUSCELL CARCINOMA 1. Ulcerated growth 2. Fungated or polypoid growth
- 9. MICROSCOPY OF SQUAMOUS CELLCARCINOMA 1. Invasion 2. Pleomorphism 3. Keratin pearl formation 4. Increased mitosis 5. Necrosis
- 11. MORPHOLOGY OF SQUAMOUSCELL CARCINOMA
- 12. BASAL CELL CARCINOMA(RODENT ULCER) • Common skin tumor arising on sun-exposed sites • Common in middle aged whites • Are slow growing and locally invasive • Rarely metastasizes. • Most common location:-- Face (90%)
- 13. AETIOLOGY 1. Exposure toultraviolet (UV) light 2. Immunosuppression 3. Xeroderma pigmentosum (inherited defects in DNA repair)
- 14. GROSS MORPHOLOGY OFBCC • BCC may manifest as –Erythematous patch papule or nodule with telangiectasis which is often eroded , or ulcerated
- 15. GROSS MORPHOLOGY OFBASAL CELL CARCINOMA (CONTD) • presents as: 1. Telangiectasias • (pearly papules with prominent, dilated subepidermal blood vessels
- 16. GROSS MORPHOLOGY OF BASALCELL CARCINOMA 2. Ulcers • extensive local invasion of bone or facial sinuses. Rodent ulcers
- 17. MICROSCOPY OF BASAL CELLCARCINOMA 1. Proliferation of basaloid cells arising from epidermis
- 18. MICROSCOPY OF BASAL CELLCARCINOMA 2. Cells arranged in nests and cords 3. Clefts around the nests 4. Peripheral nuclear palisading
- 19.
Editor's Notes
- #12 Ionising radiation: Arsenic Immunosuppression : increases the risk of HPV infections Xeroderma pigmentosa: mutations in genes that are responsible for nucleotide excision repair pathway
- #13 A firm bump on the skin, called a nodule. The nodule might be the same color as the skin, or it might look different. It can look pink, red, black or brown, depending on skin color. A flat sore with a scaly crust. A new sore or raised area on an old scar or sore. A rough, scaly patch on the lip that may become an open sore. A sore or rough patch inside the mouth. A raised patch or wartlike sore on or in the anus or on the genitals.
- #19 Waxy papules with central depression. Pearly appearance. Erosion or ulceration, often central. Bleeding, especially when traumatized. Crusting. Rolled (raised) border. Translucency. Telangiectases over the surface.
- #25 Fair skinned individuals have less amount of melanin production that increases the amount of damage caused by sun exposure
- #27 ABCDEs of melanoma