Ladies Portraits from a non-ladies man: Women in the Poetry of C.P. Cavafy Martha Vassiliadi
The title of this essay seems as a fake dilemma or almost sacrilege, since it is well known how Cavafy did not love the "weak" sex, how he rejected the post romantic voluptuousness of his time and how he wasn’t inspired by passions and mythical separations. But how and from what poetic passage Cavafy slips, even "imperceptibly" in the ontological cosmology of Women ? How and by what virtue women gain a place in Cavafy’s ritual of historical construction, how do they fit in this highly erotic gay scenery?
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Usually classified as a "problem comedy," All's Well that Ends Well is a psychologically disturbing presentation of an aggressive, designing woman and a reluctant husband wooed by trickery.
Ladies Portraits from a non-ladies man: Women in the Poetry of C.P. Cavafy Martha Vassiliadi
The title of this essay seems as a fake dilemma or almost sacrilege, since it is well known how Cavafy did not love the "weak" sex, how he rejected the post romantic voluptuousness of his time and how he wasn’t inspired by passions and mythical separations. But how and from what poetic passage Cavafy slips, even "imperceptibly" in the ontological cosmology of Women ? How and by what virtue women gain a place in Cavafy’s ritual of historical construction, how do they fit in this highly erotic gay scenery?
Alls well that ends well - william shakespeareLibripass
Usually classified as a "problem comedy," All's Well that Ends Well is a psychologically disturbing presentation of an aggressive, designing woman and a reluctant husband wooed by trickery.
My Granddaughter was given a trip to Berlin for her birthday and I wrote her a little story about my first trip to Berlin. It is intended to be rough, like a big postcard written on the run.
My Granddaughter was given a trip to Berlin for her birthday and I wrote her a little story about my first trip to Berlin. It is intended to be rough, like a big postcard written on the run.
Sir Francis Bacon's Cipher Story - Free EbookChuck Thompson
Sir Francis Bacon's Cipher Story. Information about Sir Francis Bacon's ciphers, or encryption messaging systems. An historical view of covert communications. Brought to you from the folks at Gloucester, Virginia Links and News website. Visit us.
Programme for Taunton Thespians' production of The RivalsMike Gilbert
The Rivals was Thespians' Summer Tour in 2008, and sourcing period cartoons for the cover/posters and backgrounds was huge fun. As was playing with ligatures.
Book on the life of the Marque de sade, I just found this and havent read it yet so cant attest to its historical acuracry. Any one know where to get any more of the Marque de Sade\'s work in digital format in english?
My Granddaughter was given a trip to Berlin for her birthday and I wrote her a little story about my first trip to Berlin. It is intended to be rough, like a big postcard written on the run.
My Granddaughter was given a trip to Berlin for her birthday and I wrote her a little story about my first trip to Berlin. It is intended to be rough, like a big postcard written on the run.
Sir Francis Bacon's Cipher Story - Free EbookChuck Thompson
Sir Francis Bacon's Cipher Story. Information about Sir Francis Bacon's ciphers, or encryption messaging systems. An historical view of covert communications. Brought to you from the folks at Gloucester, Virginia Links and News website. Visit us.
Programme for Taunton Thespians' production of The RivalsMike Gilbert
The Rivals was Thespians' Summer Tour in 2008, and sourcing period cartoons for the cover/posters and backgrounds was huge fun. As was playing with ligatures.
Book on the life of the Marque de sade, I just found this and havent read it yet so cant attest to its historical acuracry. Any one know where to get any more of the Marque de Sade\'s work in digital format in english?
177
Désirée’s Baby
1892
as the day was Pleasant, Madame Valmondé drove over to L’Abri to see
Désirée and the baby.
It made her laugh to think of Désirée with a baby. Why, it seemed but yes-
terday that Désirée was little more than a baby herself; when Monsieur in rid-
ing through the gateway of Valmondé had found her lying asleep in the shadow
of the big stone pillar.
The little one awoke in his arms and began to cry for “Dada.” That was as
much as she could do or say. Some people thought she might have strayed there
of her own accord, for she was of the toddling age. The prevailing belief was that
she had been purposely left by a party of Texans, whose canvas- covered wagon,
late in the day, had crossed the ferry that Coton Maïs kept, just below the planta-
tion. In time Madame Valmondé abandoned every speculation but the one that
Désirée had been sent to her by a beneficent Providence to be the child of her
affection, seeing that she was without child of the flesh. For the girl grew to be
beautiful and gentle, affectionate and sincere, — the idol of Valmondé.
It was no wonder, when she stood one day against the stone pillar in whose
shadow she had lain asleep, eighteen years before, that Armand Aubigny rid-
ing by and seeing her there, had fallen in love with her. That was the way all the
Aubignys fell in love, as if struck by a pistol shot. The wonder was that he had
not loved her before; for he had known her since his father brought him home
from Paris, a boy of eight, after his mother died there. The passion that awoke
in him that day, when he saw her at the gate, swept along like an avalanche, or
like a prairie fire, or like anything that drives headlong over all obstacles.
Monsieur Valmondé grew practical and wanted things well considered: that
is, the girl’s obscure origin. Armand looked into her eyes and did not care. He
was reminded that she was nameless. What did it matter about a name when
he could give her one of the oldest and proudest in Louisiana? He ordered the
corbeille1 from Paris, and contained himself with what patience he could until
it arrived; then they were married.
Madame Valmondé had not seen Désirée and the baby for four weeks. When
she reached L’Abri she shuddered at the first sight of it, as she always did. It was a
sad looking place, which for many years had not known the gentle presence of a
mistress, old Monsieur Aubigny having married and buried his wife in France,
and she having loved her own land too well ever to leave it. The roof came down
steep and black like a cowl, reaching out beyond the wide galleries that encircled
the yellow stuccoed house. Big, solemn oaks grew close to it, and their thick-
leaved, far-reaching branches shadowed it like a pall. Young Aubigny’s rule was a
strict one, too, and under it his negroes had forgotten how to be gay, as they had
been during the old master’s easy-going and indulgent lifetime.
1 Wedding presents (French).
04_CHA_655.
Ballads and sonnets originated in the Middle Ages and influence poets today. Can we evoke the spirit of medieval times, is forcefulness, piety and coarser aspects too? Why not try?
London is one among the favorite tourist destinations of the globe. The historical town invites tourists to go to several historical sites that are in abundance within the town.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. PA R IS
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3. Chapter Twelve
· 1898 ·
I t was a cold January afternoon when Roland brought Marie to Ver-
sailles. The trees were bare, and the sky was gray. The palace was closed
to visitors that day, but he’d arranged a private tour, and he acted as her
guide.
If the lunch at the Blanchards’ apartment had been marred by the
unpleasantness concerning Dreyfus, there would be no sign of that today.
Roland had felt ill at ease on the boulevard Malesherbes, but at Versailles
he felt he was on his own turf. And he did the thing in style.
Indeed, he rather enjoyed the situation. It was pleasant to be able to
show his guests that he could arrange a private tour like this. Moreover,
his family had been at the court of Versailles in its heyday, and passed
down plenty of anecdotes with which he could amuse and impress his
guests. He was determined to be charming.
He met them at the station with a large carriage that would hold them
all—Marie, her brother Marc, Hadley the American, and Fox the English
lawyer. This was just the right amount of company to give him the chance
to observe Marie carefully, without it being too obvious.
After all, he reminded himself, that was the point of the exercise: to
find out whether Marie might be a possible wife. With a little luck, he’d
be able to discover that by the end of the afternoon.
It did not occur to him that he had competition.
C
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4. PA R I S 357
He noticed one thing straightaway, before they even reached the
entrance to the palace: He liked the way she sat and walked. She had a
perfect upright posture. Roland didn’t like women who stooped.
He’d always supposed that his wife would be elegant. Marie might
not be elegant in the way of the slim, fashionable women one saw in
Paris drawing rooms, but she was undeniably pretty. She was also one of
those fortunate women who would get even more attractive with age. He
could see her in middle age, and beyond, far more attractive than some of
today’s elegant women would look by then. In old age, her posture would
ensure that she was always dignified. So he might be giving up a little
elegance with Marie, but he’d get something even better in return.
Before entering the château, they surveyed the vast courtyards around
which the palace was spread. With its huge extended center and wings,
Versailles was certainly breathtaking in its scale.
“I have visited this palace since I was a little boy,” he remarked to
Marie, “yet even now I confess that it takes my breath away.” He glanced
at Hadley, who had never seen the place before, and wondered what the
best introduction would be. But the American made that easy by laugh-
ing pleasantly and remarking:
“Call me provincial, but I still haven’t gotten used to the size of your great
houses. All this,” he spread his arms, “just for Louis XIV and his family?”
“Ah, my friend,” Roland responded, “you would be right. And it started,
you know, as quite a modest hunting lodge. But this huge assembly you
see here was built not just for a family, but for the entire court. The royal
family had apartments within the palace, but from around 1680 until the
French Revolution—over a century—Versailles was the administrative
capital of France. All kinds of people had to be lodged here: the admin-
istrators, the most powerful nobles, anyone who had business with the
king. When foreign ambassadors arrived, Versailles impressed them with
the might of France. The king insisted that almost everything in it was of
French manufacture, like the Gobelins tapestries and Aubusson carpets
he promoted—so it was like a sort of permanent trade exhibition. It was
quite practical.”
Now Marie gently joined the conversation.
“I have heard,” she said to Hadley, “that one can still see the original
hunting lodge within the palace building.” She turned to Roland. “Is that
true, Monsieur de Cygne?”
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5. 358 E D WA R D R U T H E R F U R D
Roland smiled to himself. He suspected that Marie knew the answer
to her own question perfectly well, but that as he was acting as guide, she
was being careful not to intrude upon his territory.
“You are exactly right, mademoiselle,” he said. “The very center of this
huge facade contains the original hunting lodge. Just a modest house with
a few bedrooms. But they preserved it and then built outward in every
direction.” He turned to them all. “Shall we go in?”
As they started to move toward the entrance, he heard Marc murmur
to his sister, “You knew where the hunting lodge was. Why didn’t you just
say?” But Marie ignored him.
So Roland had been right. He remembered a conversation with Father
Xavier, years ago. “When you marry,” the priest had said, “before you take
any action, think first how it will feel to your wife. Consider her feelings
before your own. If you and your wife both do this for each other, you are
on the road to a happy marriage.”
Roland wanted a marriage like his parents’. He wanted to love and be
loved. “I will try to do as you say,” he’d answered the priest.
“I am glad to hear it,” Father Xavier had replied with a smile. “So let
me add one word of caution. However much you may fall in love, do not
waste that love on a woman who is not considerate in return.”
Marie’s act of good manners was only a small sign, but an encouraging
one. It suggested that she was thoughtful about others.
As they approached the entrance, Hadley had another question.
“Why did he move from Paris?” he asked. “He had the Louvre Palace,
which is big enough.”
“Some say he hated Paris,” said Marc.
“That may be so,” Roland said. “But he still built Les Invalides, and
some of the first boulevards in the city. The truth is, nobody knows for
certain. But I think it was part of a larger process. France had been brought
together as a single country, but it was still very hard to govern, with great
nobles controlling huge regions. In the time of his father, Louis XIII, the
great Cardinal Richelieu tried to bring order to the land by making the
monarchy absolute. When Louis XIV came to the throne, he was only five
years old, but all through his childhood, Richelieu’s successor, Cardinal
Mazarin, followed the same policy. And once Louis XIV took power, with
the help of his finance minister, Colbert, he continued to centralize the
administration of France. What better way to control the nobles than to
have all the powerful ones in one place, where he could keep an eye on
Ruth_9780385535304_3p_all_r1.indd 358 3/4/13 12:40 PM
6. PA R I S 359
them. Over two generations he became so clever at making them dance
to his tune at the court of Versailles that he completely neutered them. He
couldn’t have done that in Paris. It’s too spread out.”
“And hard to control,” Fox added.
“Impossible. Always full of places for people to hide, and breed danger-
ous ideas.” Roland smiled ruefully. “Paris gave us the Revolution.”
Now he turned to Marie. Partly it was politeness. Also a little test. “But
what do you think, mademoiselle?” he asked.
Marie considered for a moment.
“Everything you say seems correct, monsieur,” she answered carefully,
“yet I would add one thing.” She glanced at Hadley. “Monsieur Hadley
may know that during the boyhood of the king, perhaps as a reaction
to the autocratic policies of Cardinal Mazarin, there were two terrible
revolts, known as the Fronde. One night, the Paris mob broke into the
Louvre and came into the king’s bedchamber. He was still only a child.
He pretended to be asleep while they came around his bed, inspecting
him. Imagine the scene. It must have been terrifying. Nobody could have
stopped them if they’d wanted to murder him. And I suspect, monsieur,
that the memory of that night stayed with the king all his life. His head
may have dictated the move to Versailles, but I believe that, in his heart,
even as a grown man, Louis XIV never felt safe in the Louvre.”
Roland looked at her admiringly.
“I think your woman’s wisdom comes closer to the mark than all
my calculations,” he said with respect. And though he did not say it
aloud, he added to himself that it would be a lucky man who had her by
his side.
C
At the entrance, a guardian let them in. After that, they had the place
to themselves. No footfalls, no voices but their own disturbed the silence
of the huge marble halls, the gilded chambers and endless galleries.
They went through the King’s Apartment, stately, somber and impres-
sive.
“Each reception room is named after one of the classical gods,” Roland
explained. “The throne room is for Apollo.”
“It’s curious, isn’t it,” Marc remarked, “how our Christian monarch
showed such a taste for comparing himself to pagan gods. He wasn’t
called the Sun King for nothing.”
Ruth_9780385535304_3p_all_r1.indd 359 3/4/13 12:40 PM
7. 360 E D WA R D R U T H E R F U R D
Here and there, Roland pointed out paintings and decorations, all by
French artists like Rigaud and Le Brun, as they moved through the stately
sequence of high, cold rooms. The culmination was the War Salon, a
temple of green and red marble, massively ornamented with gold, and
dominated by a huge oval relief of the godlike Sun King, mounted on a
horse that was trampling upon his enemies.
“Everything depended upon the king,” Roland remarked. “His con-
trol was complete. The ritual was endless.” He gave Fox and Hadley an
amused look. “Everything that the English and the American political
systems wanted to avoid.”
And with that he led them through the doorway into the most famous
room in France.
The Galerie des Glaces, the Hall of Mirrors. Nearly eighty yards long.
Great windows down one side, gilded mirrors opposite, a tunnel-arched
ceiling from which the massive row of crystal chandeliers hung in galactic
splendor. The almost endless polished expanse of parquet floor gleamed
like a lake under the sun.
“This is where everyone waited for the king to pass on his way to cha-
pel,” Roland remarked.
“I’ve read that the court etiquette was pretty stifling,” Hadley said.
“It was. But I think the women had the worst of it,” Roland told him.
“Somehow a fashion evolved where the women were supposed to take
tiny steps very quickly—you couldn’t see it of course, under their long
dresses—so that it seemed as if they were floating.” He turned to Marie.
“What would you say to that, mademoiselle?”
A mischievous glint came into Marie’s demure eyes.
“Do you mean like this, monsieur?”
And then, to the astonishment of the four watching men, she set off
up the Hall of Mirrors. Her dress was long enough so that one could not
see her feet. And the effect was astonishing. It was, indeed, as if she were
floating away up the gallery. With the pale light coming in through the
windows, her floating form passed like a ghost from mirror to mirror so
that one could almost have imagined she were passing into some other
age until, turning some hundred feet away, she glided back to them and
to the present.
Finally, when she stopped the gentlemen burst into a little round of
applause.
“Where did you learn that?” asked Marc in amazement.
Ruth_9780385535304_3p_all_r1.indd 360 3/4/13 12:40 PM
8. PA R I S 361
“I had a dancing teacher who could do it. She showed me how.”
“Formidable!” cried Roland enthusiastically. “More than that. Exqui-
site. You must have been at the court in another life.”
“A remarkable performance,” said Fox. “Wonderful.”
“It’s quite tiring,” said Marie with a laugh. “I’m glad I don’t have to do
it every day.”
They moved into the Queen’s Apartment. Redecorated several times in
the eighteenth century, these had a lighter air.
“Your family were at Versailles, Monsieur de Cygne?” Marie asked.
“Yes. In fact, it’s rather a romantic tale. Back in the days of Louis XIV,
my family almost came to an end. There was just one de Cygne left. He
was getting old, and he had no heir. But then, here at Versailles, he met a
young woman, of the D’Artagnan family. And despite the great difference
in age, they fell in love and married.”
“D’Artagnan like in The Three Musketeers?”
“Exactly so. Dumas used the name in his novel, but it was based on a
real family.”
“And they were happy?”
“Very happy, I believe. They had a son.” He smiled. “Otherwise I
wouldn’t be here.”
“I think that’s charming,” said Marie.
As he guided them out of the Queen’s Apartment, Roland announced
that he would show them the chapel, which lay across the courtyard. As
they walked across the courtyard, Marie turned to him.
“I was interested by the story you just told us,” she said quietly. “I
always supposed it would be very difficult to have a happy marriage when
there is a great difference between the husband and wife.”
“A difference of age, you mean?”
“Of age. Or other things.”
A delicate question, he thought, but sensible. She was right to raise it.
After all, he was an aristocrat, and she, though rich, was a woman of the
bourgeoisie. Such a difference in traditional France was still huge.
“I think that if there is affection, mademoiselle, and mutual respect,
and if people have interests in common, then the differences can be solved
as long as both parties make compromises. And compromise comes from
affection.”
She nodded thoughtfully. Then she smiled.
“What you say seems very wise, monsieur.”
Ruth_9780385535304_3p_all_r1.indd 361 3/4/13 12:40 PM
9. 362 E D WA R D R U T H E R F U R D
C
The chapel was a baroque masterpiece, dedicated to the medieval king
Saint Louis.
“In the latter part of his reign,” Roland remarked, “the Sun King
became increasingly religious.”
“And this was entirely thanks to his second wife, Madame de Main-
tenon,” Marie added cheerfully, “who was a good moral influence on him.”
Roland laughed.
“She’s quite right, of course,” he told Fox and Hadley. “No doubt every
man needs a wife to give him moral guidance. But Louis XIV certainly
did!”
Fox, however, did not seem to share their amusement. He nodded
thoughtfully, but pursed his lips.
“You must forgive me if I can’t be so enthusiastic about the religious
feelings of Louis XIV. It was those feelings that made him kick my family
out of France.”
Roland looked at him in surprise.
“You’re a Huguenot?”
“We were.” Fox turned to Hadley to explain. “You’ve probably heard
of the Huguenots, as the French Protestants were often called. We lived
in France protected by an act of toleration known as the Edict of Nantes.
But then in 1685, Louis XIV revoked that protection and told the Hugue-
nots to convert. About two hundred thousand escaped, many of them
going to England. My family was one of those.”
“But you haven’t got a French name,” Marie said.
“No. Some of the English Huguenots kept their French names. But
others translated them into English. A family called Le Brun, for instance,
became Brown. And Renard translated to Fox.”
“Your name was Renard?” said Roland with sudden interest.
“Yes. It’s quite a common name.”
Roland looked thoughtful for a moment. He knew that his family had
married a Renard heiress once, a woman of the merchant class—a girl like
Marie Blanchard, perhaps. That had been centuries ago, hardly worth
thinking about. But it was conceivable that his family could be distantly
linked to that of the English lawyer. Did he wish to investigate further?
No, he didn’t want to be related to Fox.
“It’s true,” he agreed, “there are many Renards.” And he let the matter
Ruth_9780385535304_3p_all_r1.indd 362 3/4/13 12:40 PM
10. PA R I S 363
drop. “But now,” he announced, “the carriage will take us down to the
end of the park where we can look at the charming little ensemble of the
Trianons.”
C
Anyone who knew James Fox would have said that, when he decided
to marry, his choice of wife would be wise, and that he’d make an excel-
lent husband. He’d already been a little in love with several women, and
recently he’d wondered if it might be time to settle down.
But he’d never experienced the thunderclap of a grand passion, the
coup de foudre. Until last Sunday.
And now he was in love. And his love was impossible.
He’d always assumed he’d need a wife who spoke French. The family
firm had begun in London, but the Paris office was an important part
of the business. He and his father were liked and trusted by the British
embassy, and he expected that he’d be moving between the London and
Paris offices for the rest of his professional life.
Finding an English wife who spoke French should not be too difficult.
Ever since the might and prestige of the Sun King had made French the
language of diplomacy, it had been de rigueur for ladies of the upper and
upper-middle classes to speak French—at least in theory. Indeed, most
middle-class girls would learn a smattering of French at school.
But what about a French wife? The idea was quite appealing. In France,
it could only help. And in London, so long as she could speak passable
English, it would be thought rather elegant.
Either way, James Fox might hope to marry well. True, from the point
of view of an English bride, his position as a solicitor lacked the social
cachet of the barrister who appeared in court. But the Paris connection,
the fact that James and his father were invited to embassy receptions and
had dealings with the aristocratic world of diplomacy, added to his status.
A young woman who hoped to marry a diplomat might settle for a life
in glamorous Paris with a professional man of solid family fortune. With
the French, his position was even better. The British Empire was at its
zenith; it had a monarchy, which many French secretly craved; and the
British pound sterling bought a great many French francs. Less aware
of minor English social distinctions, the French saw only a prosperous
English gentleman. Even a rich family like the Blanchards might have
considered him.
Ruth_9780385535304_3p_all_r1.indd 363 3/4/13 12:40 PM
11. 364 E D WA R D R U T H E R F U R D
Except, of course, that he was Protestant.
Every week he attended St. George’s Anglican Church near the Arc de
Triomphe, or sometimes the nearby American church of the Holy Trin-
ity, just south of the Champs-Élysées, where the cousin of J. P. Morgan
the banker had been rector for decades. Some of the Foxes’ French friends
were Protestant, but the majority, naturally, were Catholic. As his father
had told him since his early childhood: “Many of our dearest friends are
Catholic, James. But although there’s no need to talk about it, always
remember that you are a Protestant.”
So on Sunday, when James had found himself staring at the fair curls
and blue eyes of Marie Blanchard, and known, instantly and irrevocably,
that this was the woman he wanted to marry, he had also realized that it
was madness.
Monsieur Blanchard would almost certainly forbid it. His own father
would not take kindly to the idea at all. There would be the inevitable
wrangle about the children’s religion. As a lawyer he knew only too well
how even the nicest families could be broken apart, wills altered and
worse, the moment one crossed the religious divide.
And besides even that, it was very clear that there might be an offer
from de Cygne, a rich aristocrat of impeccable religion.
He was wasting his time even thinking about Marie.
But James Fox was a patient man. He didn’t give up easily.
C
The Trianon where the Sun King would retreat with Madame de
Maintenon from the formality of his court was a charming country house
built of stone and pink marble. The nearby Petit Trianon of his successor
Louis XV was a doll’s house by comparison.
“This is where we are reminded that the Bourbons were humans after
all, and not gods,” Roland remarked. “And also that they were vulnerable.
For this tiny palace of the Petit Trianon became the favorite retreat of
poor Queen Marie Antoinette in the years before the Revolution.
“And now, my friends, if you will permit me, I will offer you this
reflection upon the meaning of Versailles. Consider first: It was almost
entirely built by Louis XIV with additions by his successor Louis XV, in
variations of the classical style. Architecturally, it has unity. Second, let
us remember an astonishing fact of French history. The Sun King lived
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12. PA R I S 365
so long that he saw his son and grandson die before him. As a result, it
was his great-grandson, a little child, who succeeded him. From 1643
until 1774—over a hundred and thirty years—France was ruled by only
those two kings, Louis XIV and XV. Add the quarter century of the next
reign—that of Louis XVI and his queen Marie Antoinette—and you are
at the French Revolution. From the seventeenth century until the Revolu-
tion, with very little interruption, France is ruled not from Paris, but from
the court of Versailles.
“But now let me tell you why, for me, Versailles has a certain melan-
choly. Think of the Sun King, so anxious to bring order to France, aided
by the Catholic Church, which is fighting back with all its baroque power
against the Protestant Reformation. He seems to succeed, he makes
France the greatest power in Europe. But he overreaches himself, becomes
involved in ruinous wars, sees his family die and instead of a secure suc-
cession, leaves a half-ruined kingdom to another child, just as he was.
Imagine what his grief must have been.
“The new century sees a gilded age, and the Enlightenment, to be sure.
But also financial difficulties, the loss of France’s colonies in Canada and
India to the British, and ends with the Revolution, when the Paris mob
forces poor Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette to return to Paris, and the
guillotine. With this, the age of Versailles comes to an end. Everything its
builder had hoped for has been utterly destroyed.
“Yet perhaps that is why Versailles is so haunting. It is an entire world
that suddenly ended, and remains in all its perfection, frozen forever, just
as it was when they dragged the king and queen away to their deaths.”
C
There was one last site to visit. It was quite close by. While Roland
walked ahead with Marie and her brother, Fox followed with Hadley.
Fox liked this intelligent American friend of Marie’s brother. They
chatted briefly about their visit. “De Cygne’s an excellent guide,” said Fox.
“Yes.” Hadley gazed at the three people ahead of them. “They make a
handsome couple, our aristocrat and Marie, don’t you think? Blond, blue-
eyed . . . He’d be quite a catch for her, wouldn’t he?”
“I suppose so,” said Fox calmly. “Has he made any declaration?”
“Not yet. Marc would have told me, I’m sure.”
“What about Marc?” Fox inquired. He asked partly to make conversa-
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13. 366 E D WA R D R U T H E R F U R D
tion, and partly because, if he was going to have any chance in his hope-
less quest for Marie, he’d better discover everything he could about the
family.
Hadley chuckled.
“Not exactly. My friend’s in a rather different kind of trouble.”
“What’s that?”
“Do you keep secrets?”
“Every day of my professional life.”
“Well, Marc’s got himself in a bit of trouble with a girl. Hardly uncom-
mon. But his father’s so angry he’s cut off his allowance.” And he gave Fox
a brief account of the circumstances.
“It’s unfortunate, but hardly a scandal,” Fox remarked when Hadley
had finished. “As a lawyer, I see something similar almost every week.”
“It’s the choice of family, I think. Marc’s father feels bad about that.
And that the girl’s family are going to throw her out. Blanchard feels
responsible for her.”
“I commend him for it. Plenty of rich men wouldn’t. Have they made
any plans for the girl, and the baby, assuming it’s born?”
“Not yet.”
Fox was thoughtful. It might be that Hadley had just told him some-
thing rather useful.
C
And now they had come to the one little corner, among all the huge
palaces and formal spaces of Versailles, that was completely eccentric.
“Voilà!” cried de Cygne. “The Hamlet.”
Marc had heard of the artificial village where Queen Marie Antoinette
liked to dress up in a simple muslin dress and a straw hat and play at being
a peasant woman. With its mill, and dairy and dovecote, the little hamlet
was her private domain where no one could enter without permission.
“It was just a toy village to amuse a poor little rich girl, wasn’t it?” he
said.
“History is not fair to Marie Antoinette,” Roland replied. “In fact the
hamlet—it’s a model Norman village in fact—really functioned and pro-
vided food for Versailles. Plenty of people dream of a private retreat, espe-
cially if they’re trapped in a formal world like the court of Versailles. It’s
got a rustic charm. But it wasn’t built until 1783. She hardly had six years
in which to enjoy it before the Revolution brought her life to an end.”
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14. PA R I S 367
It was certainly a charming spot to walk around. Hadley and Marc had
strolled to one side with James Fox, so Roland took his chance to question
Marie a little further. He asked her if she had enjoyed the visit, and she
said she had.
“I could see that you’re well acquainted with the history of Versailles. I
hope my commentary for our friend Hadley didn’t bore you.”
“Not at all. I enjoy historical places and family stories. But I really don’t
know so much.” She smiled. “My aunt Éloïse says I should read more.”
“There is no need,” he said firmly. “But what do you enjoy doing?”
“The usual things in the city. We go to the opera. I have asked Marc to
take me to the Folies-Bergère, but he hasn’t yet. I think my parents may
have brought me up too strictly.”
Roland smiled. It was a charming little flirtation.
“Your parents are quite right. I go to the Folies-Bergère myself, how-
ever.” Would he take his wife to the Folies-Bergère? He could imagine
Marie persuading him to do it, and the thought was quite delightful.
His bride, of course, must be pure. But from all he had seen today, he felt
sure that when her husband taught her the ways of love, this demure and
charming young woman would be an eager pupil.
“You spend time in the country as well?”
“We have a house in Fontainebleau. I go riding in the forest there.”
“You like to ride?”
“I enjoy it, but I only ride occasionally. I should like to ride well.”
“It takes a little hard work.”
“I don’t believe one can do anything well if one isn’t prepared to work
at it, monsieur.”
“This is true.”
“But apart from this, monsieur, my relationship with the countryside
is too like that of Marie Antoinette at the Hamlet. I only play at it.” She
paused. “We do own a vineyard that my father bought, however, where
I always go down for the harvest. I work with the women picking the
grapes. It’s not very elegant, but I love to do it. I think perhaps I am hap-
piest at the vineyard.”
Ah, thought Roland, she was not just a rich bourgeoise, then. She had
a feel for the land. An aristocrat should be elegant in Paris, but know how
to run an estate. He thought he could see Marie learning these dual roles.
C
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15. 368 E D WA R D R U T H E R F U R D
The four men wanted to take a brief turn in the ornamental gardens
before they left. It was only a short walk to the Grand Canal in the center
of the park, and Roland led the way. As they reached the Grand Canal, he
let them wander about, and for the first time since their arrival he found
himself momentarily alone and able to observe them.
The January afternoon would be closing in soon. The clouds were so
high that it seemed they had scarcely moved at all since the place was
built. The Grand Canal ran down the center of the lower gardens. Louis
XIV and his court liked to gather there for boating parties. But the canal
was empty now, gray as the sky. Only Marie and her brother, Fox and
Hadley stood like shadowless statues by the stony water’s edge, and all
around them the vast formal terraces, geometric gardens, the endless par-
terres and distant fountains—all empty, all silent.
And it came to him with great force that if he married Marie, he would
be bringing into his life a warmth and comfort that was not to be found
in these huge, echoing spaces where the hand of man clipped hedges with
geometric precision, and the eye of God, hidden behind the gray-ribbed
clouds, saw all and judged all, against the pattern of His greater and still
more fearful symmetry.
The life of the French aristocrat was full of ghosts—of kings, and
ancestors and great events all moving about like shadows in an echo-
ing garden. Like all ghosts, they were strangely cold, and the possession
of them set him apart in ways he could scarcely explain himself, and
which Marie Blanchard would neither share nor probably wish to share.
She would bring him the warmth he needed. But could he tolerate that
warmth? And would she tolerate the cold ghosts that he must also live
with? He did not know.
To his surprise, he suddenly had a great desire to ask his father what he
thought. He’d talk to him as soon as possible.
C
It was ten days later that Jules Blanchard was surprised to receive a visit
from James Fox, who asked if he might speak to him alone.
Sitting down in his little library, the polite Englishman opened the
conversation carefully.
“In our work between London and Paris, monsieur,” he began, “we
often find ourselves asked for advice on family matters of all kinds. And
we are always glad to be helpful whenever we can. Some of these are
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16. PA R I S 369
private matters requiring discretion. Others are relatively simple.” He
paused only briefly. “At the moment,” he continued, “I have two clients
in England who have asked for help. One is a very straightforward mat-
ter. There is a nice, respectable family in London who would like to find
a nanny for their children. They want the children to grow up speaking
French and so they are looking for a Frenchwoman to act as nanny and
governess until the children go to school. You have such a huge acquain-
tance that I thought I would ask if you might know of anyone.”
“I’m not sure,” said Blanchard. “I can ask my wife. What’s the other
matter?”
“The second is much more private, and requires discretion. But having
had dealings with you, and having the pleasure of meeting your family,
monsieur, I feel I may confide in you—with your permission.”
“Certainly.”
“This concerns a family who live outside London, clients of our firm
for two generations now. Sadly, after some years, this couple have been
unable to have children, and they want to adopt a child. They do not mind
whether it is a boy or a girl. It’s easy enough, of course, to obtain a child
from one of the many orphanages, but they would like to find a baby whose
parentage is known, and one who is likely to be able to benefit from what
they have to offer. And that is a great deal. The father is a banker, and the
mother, whose own father was a professor, is a lady of considerable artistic
talent. Our London office has no suggestions at present, but asked me if
I could help. Unfortunately, I don’t myself know of anybody who might
have an appropriate baby needing parents. But given your huge acquain-
tance, I thought I’d ask if you might discreetly let this be known on the
grapevine.” He spread his hands. “Whoever their adopted child finally is,
he or she will be fortunate. They live in the most pleasant circumstances.”
This was followed by a long silence.
“I see,” said Jules Blanchard.
Fox said nothing.
“And you don’t know of anyone in Paris who might fit the bill?” asked
Blanchard.
James looked him straight in the eye.
“No,” he said.
“Liar,” said Jules quietly, and smiled. “But I am grateful for your discre-
tion. So you are offering me a wonderful solution to two problems that I
have. Will this cost me something?”
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17. 370 E D WA R D R U T H E R F U R D
“I don’t see why it should. A ticket on the ferry to England perhaps.”
“You’ve gone to a lot of trouble. Why?”
“Both families are clients of the firm.” He looked thoughtful. “Priests
often arrange these things. They have the information, and the judgment.
And it’s well that they do. But I like to think that lawyers can sometimes
make a contribution too.”
“If this works out,” said Jules, “I shall be in your debt, Monsieur Fox.”
“Then you will pay me a compliment,” said James, “by knowing that I
do not consider that any debt has been incurred at all.”
It was nicely said, even if it wasn’t quite true. He just needed Marie’s
father to be grateful to him.
C
Roland de Cygne arrived at his father’s house early that evening. Just
before leaving the barracks, he’d heard news which pleased him.
Émile Zola, that tiresome writer who’d made such a nuisance of him-
self over the Dreyfus affair, was about to be arrested. The rumor was that
he’d gotten wind of it and was already on his way to hide out in England.
“Just so long as he stays out of France,” one of his brother officers had
remarked. And Roland agreed with him.
He’d written to his father soon after the visit to Versailles. Without
being specific, he’d told him he’d like to ask his advice about a personal
matter. The vicomte had written back at once. Knowing that Roland’s
regimental duties made it difficult for him to take time off so soon after
a period of leave, he’d informed his son that he intended to take the train
up to Paris that day, and offered him dinner at the house. It was good of
him to make the journey, Roland thought with affection. He was looking
forward to their meeting.
The train his father took normally arrived late in the afternoon. The
coachman had been sent to the station to meet him. They hadn’t gotten
back when he arrived at the house, but he’d been quite content to sit with
his old nanny in the meantime. An hour had passed quite pleasantly,
but then the old lady had looked at the little clock on her mantelpiece
and remarked that either the train was very late, or that the vicomte had
missed it. Dusk had already fallen, but there was another train arriving
two hours later. No doubt the coachman would wait at the station for
that one.
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18. PA R I S 371
This was quite annoying for Roland. It meant that the time he’d
planned to discuss Marie with his father would be greatly curtailed. But
there was nothing to be done about it. He poured himself a whisky.
Another half hour passed. Then there was the sound of the bell being
pulled at the front door. Without even waiting for a servant, Roland went
into the hall and went to the door himself, ready to welcome his father.
But it wasn’t his father. It was his friend the captain. He’d come from
the barracks.
“My dear fellow,” he said. “A telegram came for you to the barracks. I
wasn’t sure how urgent it might be, but knowing you were here, I thought
I’d bring it around to you myself. I think it comes from your family’s
château, by the look of it.”
“How very kind of you. Won’t you come in?”
“No. I must get back in a moment,” the captain said. But Roland
noticed that he didn’t move to go at once.
He opened the telegram.
It was brief. It announced that his father had suffered a seizure that
morning. And that he had departed this world soon afterward.
He bowed his head and handed the telegram to the captain, who read
it in silence.
“I am so sorry,” the captain said. “If you need to stay here, I’ll take care
of everything at the barracks.”
“I hardly know what I should do,” said Roland.
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