There are several types of paragraphs defined by their structure and content. Paragraphs can be narrative, descriptive, argumentative, conceptual, chronological, enumerative, explanatory, expository, or comparative based on their content. Structurally, paragraphs can be deductive, inductive, cause-and-effect, problem-solution, or sequential. The document then provides examples of opening, transition, and closing paragraphs according to their location and function within a full text.

1. Paragraph Types
Ana M. Aguilera
Felipe Cifuentes
Juliana Galeano
Lina Cuenca

2. ● There are different types of paragraphs, they can be: narrative, descriptive and argumentative.
● The same text can have different types of paragraphs, this is given by the need of the subject.

3. According to location

4. They are divided into three paragraphs.
The first is called opening paragraph and this is divided into four parts that are: the synthesis,
interrogative phrases, anecdote and quote.
Synthesis: Summary of the subject. Example: It is a proven fact that the surface temperature of the earth
is increasing at an increasing rate. If this is continued, the average temperature of the earth's surface will
increase by 0.3 ° C per decade. This figure, which seems at first sight not excessive, can cause, according
to experts, great climatic changes in all terrestrial regions.
Interrogative phrases: Phrase that develops the problem and is solved in the following paragraph.
Example: Much has been talked about since the beginning of winter of this abnormal period,
temperatures higher than usual at this time everywhere. All sources blame this phenomenon on climate
change but, is that true?

5. Anecdote: Whose function is to attract the reader. Example: An honest seven-year-old girl calmly
admitted to her parents that a child in her class had kissed her. - How did that happen? her mother asked
amazed. -'It was not easy - admitted the little lady - but three girls helped me to grab him.
Quote: It is possible to use the one whenever it is related to the theme. Example: Mark steyn states the
following: "Those coca - colas and cheeseburgers detested by the fine London novelists are devastating
the planet in ways in which openly genocidal conquerors like Hitler or Stalin could only dream.

6. The second paragraph is called transition: It serves to give change to the subject, they use expressions
like: Consequently, therefore, in addition, finally.
Example: Conceptual maps.
The third is called closing paragraph: Summarizes the essentials of the text, the conclusions can be used
to motivate the reader to join with the arguments of the author.
Example: In summary, the factors that cause the expansion of Peruvian food globally have been exposed.
One of the causes that influence the spread and evolution of food is the richness of natural products,
which have allowed the diversification and fineness of the typical dishes. Another factor that explains the
country's gastronomic growth are international fairs such as Mistura, which every year receives guests
from haute cuisine, tourists with good palate, culinary art and public in general.

7. According to content

8. Argumentative paragraph
The objective of argumentative paragraph is show an idea that can convince to reader about the text
information

9. Conceptual paragraph
This type of paragraph has as purpose give to know to lector the meaning about an important term of
reading. It is important because the people to read a document the people will know about the topic of
file.

10. Chronological paragraph
In this type of paragraph a series of events about an event is defined.

11. Enumeration paragraph
The writer can use this type of paragraph in the moment that information require mention different
situations about a topic.

12. Descriptive paragraph
In this paragraph the writer can describe a person or object. Must consider the following indication to
carry out the description:
● General to particular.
● External to internal.
● Past to present (vice versa).

13. Explanatory paragraph
It serves to clarify and develop more widely the subject that is being presented, plus, it provides ample
information about the main idea, that is, it broadens the concept or the main idea through arguments that
make the exposition clearest.

14. Exposition Paragraph
It is one of the most used in reports, research papers and personal and business documents where
information is presented in an organized way.

15. Narrative paragraph
It is when real or imaginary events are reported to people in a specific place and time. They are generally
used in stories and novels.

16. According to logical structure

17. Comparative
This type of paragraph talks about the similitaries or
differences that exist between some objects, acts, or ideas..
This type of paragraphs usually has this structure: first an
introductory phrase in which the elements to be compared
and their development are presented, the comparison.
The development or comparison usually occurs like...,
either by making conflicting descriptions, or with separate
descriptions.
As an aid to the construction of this type of paragraphs, the
trainees can be helped using tables to organize the ideas.

18. Cause and Effect
This paragraph presents an event before showing the reason that caused it, or
because of the consequences that this event caused….
This type of paragraph is found often in the argumentative texts, In this case,
phrases and sections are contrasted by the relation: cause - effect.
when the cause is mentioned, it can be named before or after the situation...

19. Approach and Problem Resolution
In this paragraph a problem is exposed and then this problem
is solved…It is mainly used in investigation articles and
descriptive and science texts….
It can be expressed.
- full form
- contrast of solutions
- omission of the solution
- Issuance of the problem

20. Sequence or Process
This type of paragraph describes a series of events in any order, so the ideas are
expressed chronologically.. this type has a main statement and others that
support it… is a type of enumeration paragraph, which uses connectors to set
the text.
Mainly is part of science texts.
This paragraph can be problematic if the order of the idea is damaged.

21. Deductive
A deductive paragraph has the main idea that is stated at the beginning of the paragraph and then come
the secondary ideas to support that main idea.
The inductive paragraph wants to introducing the reader to the topic at the beginning of the specific
paragraph or advance what the paragraph will be about.
After finishing the paragraph, it ends with a conclusion that explains its content, a reflection and an idea
that summarizes it.

22. Inductive paragraph
The main idea at the end. It begins with sentences that express secondary ideas to arrive at a
generalization, or thematic idea as a conclusion of what has been affirmed.

23. Conclusion paragraph
It is used to close a topic or section. It is easy to detect because it begins with very marked expressions,
such as: concluding, and synthesis, in conclusion.