PAE and AUD
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This is a technical paper. However, it adds to the increasing evidence that prenatal alcohol exposure is a significant factor in development of alcohol use disorder[ AUD] in the adolescent and adult.
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![pregnant mouse, exposure to labelled alcohol resulted in the
incorporation of labelled
acetyl groups into gestating fetal brains. In isolated primary
hippocampal neurons ex
vivo, extracellular acetate induced transcriptional programs related to
learning and
memory, which were sensitive to ACSS2 inhibition. We show that
alcohol-related
associative learning requires ACSS2 in vivo. These findings suggest that
there is a direct
link between alcohol metabolism and gene regulation, through the
ACSS2-dependent
acetylation of histones in the brain.
-In the hippocampus, the incorporation of acetyl groups that are derived
from alcohol may be critical for alcohol related associative learning,
which encodes environmental cues associated with alcohol that drive
craving, seeking and consumption even after protracted periods of
abstinence.-
Comment
This is a technical paper.
However, it adds to the increasing evidence that prenatal alcohol
exposure is a significant factor in development of alcohol use disorder[
AUD] in the adolescent and adult.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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© 2010 El-Ansary et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Pr.docx
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S Al-Daihan1
A Al-Dabas1
L Al-Ayadhi2
1Biochemistry Department, Science
College, 2Autism Research and
Treatment Unit, Department of
Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King
Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Correspondence: Afaf El-Ansary
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© 2010 El-Ansary et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd. This is an Open Access article
which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.
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S Al-Daihan1
A Al-Dabas1
L Al-Ayadhi2
1Biochemistry Department, Science
College, 2Autism Research and
Treatment Unit, Department of
Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King
Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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This document summarizes a study examining the role of insulin/IGF resistance in experimental alcohol-related peripheral neuropathy (ALPN). The study found that:
1) Rats fed an ethanol-containing diet for 8 weeks showed slowed nerve conduction velocity and signs of demyelination/axonal degeneration in the sciatic nerve compared to controls.
2) The ethanol-fed rats had reduced mRNA and protein levels of insulin, IGF-1, receptors, and signaling molecules in the sciatic nerve, providing evidence of impaired insulin/IGF signaling.
3) The findings suggest ALPN involves slowed conduction, demyelination, and axonal damage, which may be mediated by insulin/IGF
ALZHEIMER DISEASE.pdf
One of the most commonly seen Neuro-degenerative disease.
Let's go through the Pathophysiology and management of AD.
Alzheimer disease
This presentation illustrates the various pathways of development of AD ,including the recent molecular pathways , and their implication in early diagnosis and therapy .
nihms419319
This document summarizes a study investigating the role of intracellular calcium levels in alcohol-induced death of cerebellar granule neurons (CGN). The study found that alcohol exposure caused a rapid, dose-dependent increase in intracellular calcium levels in CGN that persisted over time. Inhibiting the rise in intracellular calcium, either by blocking calcium release from intracellular stores or by chelating calcium, prevented both the alcohol-induced increase in intracellular calcium and neuronal death. The sustained rise in intracellular calcium may be a key factor in the mechanism of alcohol-induced neuronal death.
20160501_Final
This document discusses measuring nonenzymatic lysine acetylation in mitochondria. The author hypothesizes that the majority of mitochondrial protein acetylation occurs through nonenzymatic reactions regulated by SIRT3. To test this, the author purified recombinant proteins and used mass spectrometry to quantify acetylation rates of lysine sites when incubated with increasing concentrations of acetyl-CoA or acetyl-P. Preliminary results found one lysine site on PDH and four sites on CKMT were more reactive with acetyl-CoA. Future work includes enzyme activity assays and protein modeling to further understand acetylation effects on protein function and structure.
An analysis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) on Physical and Mental Health
NEUR 3403 Term Assignment at Carleton University, describing the various etiologic determinants of Parkinson's Disease (PD), mechanisms of disease pathology, as well as the impact of genetics and environmental considerations. Authored by Arian Bashtar, 2017.
Effects of atorvastatin and streptozocin on immunohistochemical markers in hi...
This study investigated the effects of atorvastatin on immunohistochemical markers in the hippocampus of rats with a streptozocin-induced model of Alzheimer's disease. The results showed that streptozocin increased glial fibrillary acidic protein and neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the hippocampus compared to controls. Atorvastatin treatment at 20 mg/kg reduced glial fibrillary acidic protein levels compared to streptozocin alone. Atorvastatin at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg increased glutathione reductase expression compared to streptozocin alone. Atorvastatin at 10 and 20 mg/kg also reduced neuronal nitric oxide synthase levels compared to streptozocin alone.
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Konstantin Ravvin (Sackler Journal of Medicine): The Biochemical Foundations...
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Neurodegeneration: Factors Involved and Therapeutic Strategies
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STUDYING THE IMPACT OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND ITS CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING ON ...
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An analysis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) on Physical and Mental Health
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Response to "Winter Formal"
The document discusses a recent Saturday Night Live sketch titled "Winter Formal" that portrayed a character with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in a derisive manner. The author, as a parent, shares the hurt that those with FASD will feel upon viewing the sketch. They question the knowledge and motivations of those involved in its production, as well as the positions of NBC and its parent company Comcast regarding prenatal alcohol exposure and FASD given advertising revenue from the alcohol industry. The production was seen as contributing to further marginalization of those with FASD rather than comedy or satire.
2 the mcmechan reservoir development
Open letter to the Mayor of Vernon, B.C. relating to the risks of the half completed development of the McMechan Reservoir
Mansfield Mela.scholar.google.ca
Conclusions reached from my involvement with the Canadian criminal justice system. 2011.
amd- 2021
References of papers published by Dr Mansfield Mela, and others regarding FASD, PAE, Mental Health, and the Justice System.
Dr Mela is one of the very few Forensic Psychiatrists who understands and advocates for those with FASD.
The Nomenclature of the Consequences of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: PAE, and t...
The Nomenclature of the Consequences of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: PAE, and t...BARRY STANLEY 2 fasd
An historical account of the nomenclature relating to the effects of alcohol on the developing fetus.
The significance of facial features; the dose/threshold question; epigenetics, transgenerational consequences, and adult health issues, are raised.
The inadequacy of the present nomenclature is detailed
Aqua study updates | murdoch children's research institute
The AQUA study involved almost 1600 Victorian women who provided information during pregnancy about alcohol consumption, diet, supplements and lifestyle. Samples were collected from placentas, cord blood and cheek swabs to test for genetic markers and over 500 babies had 3D photos of their faces at age 1 to look for signs of prenatal alcohol exposure. At ages 1 and 2, children received developmental assessments and mothers reported on development. Researchers are examining outcomes like facial shape and child development and how genes and metabolism may impact alcohol's effects. The study found over half took supplements before pregnancy and most took them during pregnancy. However, 70% of women did not meet recommended iron intake by the third trimester despite many increasing intake. Researchers will further
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Abstract
A 15-year-old girl diagnosed with FASD underwent 100 courses of hyperbasic oxygen therapy (HBOT). Prior to HBOT, single motion emission compute tomographic begin imaging (SPECT)
revealed areas of hypo-perfusion bilaterally in the orbitofrontal region, temporal lobes and right dorsolateral—frontal, as well the medial aspect of the left cerebellum. Following two sets of HBOT treatments (60 plus 40), over 6 months, there was improvement in perfusion to the left cerebellum as well as the right frontal lobe. This was paralleled by improvement in immediate cognitive tests and an increase in functional brain volume. A follow-up 18 months after HBOT showed sustained
improvement in attention with no need for methylphenidate, as well as in math skills and writing.Landmark legislation a victory for the fasd community
This year as a priority of Proof Alliance’s legislative platform, major legislation that requires all children entering foster care be screened for prenatal exposure to alcohol in Minnesota was passed and signed into law. It is believed Minnesota is the first state in the nation to pass this legislation.
Four year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of choline for neurodeve...
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Abstract
Background
Despite the high prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), there are few interventions targeting its core neurocognitive and behavioral deficits. FASD is often conceptualized as static and permanent, but interventions that capitalize on brain plasticity and critical developmental windows are emerging. We present a long-term follow-up study evaluating the neurodevelopmental effects of choline supplementation in children with FASD 4 years after an initial efficacy trialThe Resting State and its Default Mode: in those with FASD
Abstract
This presentation includes a brief review of research into boredom, normal brain resting state and corresponding default mode[s].
The possible equivalence to the brain activity of those with FASD in relation to “being bored” is explored, with reference to brain anatomy and function.
Actual FASD clinical cases are presented to illustrate what individuals with FASD mean by “boredom”: describing the role of perseveration as a relief process.
Finally, the manner in which these processes are misinterpreted is explored, with implications for Psychiatry and the Justice System.
Australia and new zealand are showing the way to canada
Mandatory pregnancy warning labels on alcohol could save Canada significant costs associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). While producers argue labels would cost $400 million to implement, the economic burden of FASD in Canada is much greater. Estimates show the cost of FASD diagnoses is $3.6-5.2 million annually, and the total national cost of FASD is $1.3-2.3 billion including lost productivity and child welfare costs. Warning labels could help reduce FASD incidence and its substantial economic impacts.
Work requirements for individuals with fasd, in the time of covid 19
This document discusses work challenges for individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) during the COVID-19 pandemic. It outlines principles for job requirements based on the author's son's experiences, including avoiding unexpected changes, only reporting to one supervisor who can communicate visually, and finding an environment with minimal sensory overload. The son was able to find stable work as a tow truck driver and Uber driver when his positions met these principles, but circumstances like injury and the pandemic intervened. Currently, he runs a web business printing logos that allows him to work independently. The author hopes these principles can help others with FASD find appropriate jobs during this difficult time.
Covid 19 and alcohol
This editorial discusses the risks of increased alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic. It notes that alcohol sales increased significantly when lockdowns began. Two groups are especially at risk - those already struggling with alcohol dependence who may lose access to support services, and those at risk of developing dependence due to job losses or relationship issues during the pandemic. The article calls for addressing alcohol harms to be part of recovery efforts from COVID-19.
Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol and Tobacco and Neonatal Bra...
Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol and Tobacco and Neonatal Bra...BARRY STANLEY 2 fasd
IMPORTANCE Research to date has not determined a safe level of alcohol or tobacco use during pregnancy. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a noninvasive measure of cortical function that has previously been used to examine effects of in utero exposures and associations with
neurodevelopment.
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of prenatal exposure to alcohol (PAE) and tobacco smoking (PTE) with brain activity in newborns.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that even low levels of PAE or PTE are
associated with changes in offspring brain development.New insight on maternal infections and neurodevelopmental disorders: mouse st...
New insight on maternal infections and neurodevelopmental disorders: mouse st...BARRY STANLEY 2 fasd
The immune responses of female mice before pregnancy can predict how likely their offspring will be to have behavioral deficits if the mother's immune system is activated during pregnancy, according to a new mouse study. Researchers found that measuring a mouse's inflammatory response to a viral mimic before pregnancy allowed them to determine if the offspring would develop problems if the mother was exposed to the mimic during gestation. This could help identify pregnancies that are more at risk from maternal infections and lead to ways to prevent neurodevelopmental disorders in children.2 scotland
Submitted to –
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Consultation on draft quality standard – deadline for comments 5pm on 03/04/20
Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with covid...
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Interpretation The potential risk factors of older age, high SOFA score, and d-dimer greater than 1 μg/mL could help
clinicians to identify patients with poor prognosis at an early stage. Prolonged viral shedding provides the rationale
for a strategy of isolation of infected patients and optimal antiviral interventions in the future. Preconceptual alcohol and the need for a diagnostic classification of alcoho...
The document discusses the need for a new diagnostic classification to address disabilities related to preconceptual and prenatal alcohol exposure. It notes that existing definitions of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) do not account for preconceptual alcohol exposure. A wider definition, such as Alcohol Related Developmental Disabilities, is proposed to include subgroups for neurological and immunological impairments caused by prenatal and preconceptual alcohol, with or without additional environmental factors. This would help facilitate understanding of the long-term impacts of preconceptual and prenatal alcohol in combination with other modern environmental toxins.
The importance and significance of the diagnosis the personal testimony of r...
R.J. Formanek shares their personal experience receiving an FASD diagnosis at age 47 after a lifetime of struggles. They felt like an "alien" and could get by but never truly understood social norms or why they struggled in certain areas. The diagnosis provided an explanation for their experiences and differences, allowing them to forgive themselves and accept themselves as uniquely wired rather than "broken". It named an invisible "monster" they had feared their whole life, reducing its power over them and allowing them to fully live their own life.
Parallel Tracks
Outcomes of Online Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Patients With Residual Depressive SymptomsA Randomized Clinical Trial
Zindel V. Segal, PhD1; Sona Dimidjian, PhD2; Arne Beck, PhD3; et alJennifer M. Boggs, PhD3; Rachel Vanderkruik, MA2; Christina A. Metcalf, MA2; Robert Gallop, PhD4; Jennifer N. Felder, PhD5; Joseph Levy, BA2
Author Affiliations
JAMA Psychiatry. Published online January 29, 2020. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.4693
Significance for fasd
Preconceptual alcohol
This document discusses the need to expand the definition of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) to include preconceptual alcohol exposure from both parents. Currently, the definition of FASD only considers prenatal alcohol exposure from the mother during pregnancy. However, recent research suggests paternal preconception alcohol use and other environmental toxins can also impact fetal development and increase vulnerability to stress and alcohol drinking behaviors later in life through epigenetic mechanisms. The document lists several relevant research papers that studied the effects of preconceptual exposures from both parents on offspring development, behavior, and health outcomes. There is a call to raise more awareness about how preconception lifestyle factors can influence fetal and child development.
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PAE and AUD
- 1. Alcohol metabolism contributes to brain histone acetylation doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1700-7 P. Mews1,2,4, G. Egervari1,4*, R. Nativio1, S. Sidoli1,3, G. Donahue1, S. I. Lombroso1, D. C. Alexander1, S. L. Riesche1, E. A. Heller1, E. J. Nestler2, B. A. Garcia1 & S. L. Berger1* Emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic regulation is dependent on metabolic state, and implicates specific metabolic factors in neural functions that drive behaviour1. In neurons, acetylation of histones relies on the metabolite acetyl-CoA, which is produced from acetate by chromatin-bound acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2)2. Notably, the breakdown of alcohol in the liver leads to a rapid increase in levels of blood acetate3, and alcohol is therefore a major source of acetate in the body. Histone acetylation in neurons may thus be under the influence of acetate that is derived from alcohol4, with potential effects on alcohol-induced gene expression in the brain, and on behaviour5. Here, using in vivo stable-isotope labelling in mice, we show that the metabolism of alcohol contributes to rapid acetylation of histones in the brain, and that this occurs in part through the direct deposition of acetyl groups that are derived from alcohol onto histones in an ACSS2-dependent manner. A similar direct deposition was observed when mice were injected with heavy-labelled acetate in vivo. In a
- 2. pregnant mouse, exposure to labelled alcohol resulted in the incorporation of labelled acetyl groups into gestating fetal brains. In isolated primary hippocampal neurons ex vivo, extracellular acetate induced transcriptional programs related to learning and memory, which were sensitive to ACSS2 inhibition. We show that alcohol-related associative learning requires ACSS2 in vivo. These findings suggest that there is a direct link between alcohol metabolism and gene regulation, through the ACSS2-dependent acetylation of histones in the brain. -In the hippocampus, the incorporation of acetyl groups that are derived from alcohol may be critical for alcohol related associative learning, which encodes environmental cues associated with alcohol that drive craving, seeking and consumption even after protracted periods of abstinence.- Comment This is a technical paper. However, it adds to the increasing evidence that prenatal alcohol exposure is a significant factor in development of alcohol use disorder[ AUD] in the adolescent and adult.