10. 2K 2( 03
1. Gamete
2. Gene
3. Allele
P P homozygous for the dominant allele
a a homozygous for the recessive allele
B b heterozygous
recessive allele , dominant allele
18. āļnI
1. Law of segregation
P TT x tt
T T t t
gamete
P Tt x Tt
gamete T t T t
19. 2. Law of independent assortment
e 45 ) āļ āļāļ '( āļ 3 e 45
( āļ : " 3 & H
P Tt x Tt
gamete T t T t
F1 TT Tt Tt tt
20. Test ` cross
#J āļ 6 4 5 genotype I & '(& ( #J
) 3 4 1 K "#6 āļ5 Homozygous recessive
H
g āļ - RR 4 Rr
g āļ x rr g āļ x rr
g āļ g āļ : g II
. . g āļ = RR 1: 1
g āļ = Rr
21. Back cross
#J āļ 6 1 āļ K 0āļ6 F1 āļ 5"#6 āļ5
4 )
āļ āļ āļ āļ (
( Monohybrid cross )
22. āļ& I& 1āļ234 1 5āļ 2 1āļ234( Dihybrid cross )
- #J āļ āļ āļ 1 & āļ
I & '(& 2 āļ 3 āļ
-: āļ & ( genotype ,phenotype K " 3 2 (&
H 1. Punnet Squares
: 3 R = gene 2(52 āļ g āļ
r = gene 2(52 āļ g II
Y = gene 2(52 āļ g 4
y = gene 2(52 āļ g I(
23. P I1, 6 O āļ *.6% ; - x I1, 6 O > > 4*.6>.
RRYY rryy
gamete Ry ry
F1 RrYy
F1xF1 RrYy x RrYy
Gamete R Y - RY R Y - RY
y - Ry y - Ry
r Y - rY r Y - rY
y - ry y - ry
24. RY Ry rY ry
RY RRYY RRYy RrYY RrYy
Ry RRYy RRyy RrYy Rryy
rY RrYY RrYy rrYY rrYy
ry RrYy Rryy rrYy rryy
27. 2. Branching system
P I1, 6 O āļ 6% ; - x I1, 6 O > > 4 - 6>.
RRYY rryy
gamete RY ry
F1 RrYy
F1 x F1 RrYy RrYy
RrRr YyYy
gamete ž RR : 2/4 Rr : ž rr ž YY : 2/4 Yy : ž yy
35. 3. āļ āļ )55 Co ` dominant
: āļ H gene H 2(52 āļ " I e! āļ )
āļ ) ) 2( " 3 $āļ ! # āļ9
āļ āļ ( āļ ' 0 4 ABO
allele āļ (I3 IA , IB ) i
#āļ & gr A genotype IA IA, IA i
gr B ,, I B IB , IB i
gr AB ,, I A IB gr ii genotype ii
36. 4. āļ āļ )55 Over dominant
āļ& āļ allele : P heterozygous ) āļ
Phenotype 4 āļ( allele : P homozygous I
`) ' P TT 0 3 M tt 0 1 M
F Tt 0 6 M