about plasma proteins and thier role in aourbody Plasma, also known as blood plasma, appears light-yellowish or straw-colored. It serves as the liquid base for whole blood. Whole blood minus erythrocytes (RBCs), leukocytes (WBCs), and thrombocytes (platelets) make up the plasma. Serum, sometimes mistakenly considered synonymous with plasma, consists of plasma without fibrinogen. Plasma contains 91% to 92% of water and 8% to 9% of solids. It mainly comprises of: Coagulants, mainly fibrinogen, aid in blood clotting Plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulin, that help maintain the colloidal osmotic pressure at about 25 mmHg Electrolytes like sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, chloride, and calcium help maintain blood pH Immunoglobulins help fight infection and various other small amounts of enzymes, hormones, and vitamins Go to: Issues of Concern Extraction of Plasma It can be separated from whole blood by the process of centrifugation, i.e., spinning whole blood with an anticoagulant in a centrifuge. Plasma is lighter, forming the upper yellowish layer while the denser blood cells fall to the bottom. The plasma collected is frozen within 24 hours to preserve the functionality of the various clotting factors and immunoglobulins; it is thawed before use and has a shelf life of 1 year. Interestingly, while O- is the preferred universal donor for blood, the plasma of AB blood groups is the most preferred because their plasma does not contain antibodies, making it acceptable for everyone without fear of an adverse reaction. Plasma, like whole blood, is initially tested to ensure the safety of recipients. As per the FDA regulations, the collected plasma undergoes a battery of tests to identify transmittable diseases, mainly hepatitis A, B, and C, along with syphilis and HIV. The process of fractionation separates individual plasma proteins.[1] Go to: Cellular Level The specific gravity of plasma is 1.022 to 1.026 compared to the specific gravity of blood which is 1.052 to 1.061. Plasma forms 55%, and red blood cells form 45% of the total blood. Four major products derived from the plasma which can be used are fresh-frozen plasma (FFP), plasma frozen within 24 hours of phlebotomy (FP24), cryoprecipitate-poor plasma (CPP), and thawed plasma. FP24, CPP, and thawed plasma contain varying amounts of clotting factors.[2] Go to: Development Plasma proteins, on the other hand, have distinct organs that produce them based on an individual's stage of development. In Embryo In the embryonic stage, the mesenchymal cells are responsible for plasma cell production. The first protein to be synthesized is Plasma, also known as blood plasma, appears light-yellowish or straw-colored. It serve

1. PLASMA PROTEIN
AND
ACUTE PHASE
PROTEIN
PLASMA PROTEIN
AND
ACUTE PHASE
PROTEIN

2. OUTLINE
OUTLINE
Introduction
Plasma Protein
Acute Phase Protein
Clinical Significance
Introduction
Plasma Protein
Acute Phase Protein
Clinical Significance

3. Plasma
Plasma
PLASMA is the liquid part
of blood that carries cells
and proteins throuhout
the body.
It makes up about 55% of the body’s
total blood volume.
Blood serum is blood plasma without
clotting factors
PLASMA is the liquid part
of blood that carries cells
and proteins throuhout
the body.
It makes up about 55% of the body’s
total blood volume.
Blood serum is blood plasma without
clotting factors

4. Add a body text

6. Component Of
Plasma
Add a subheading
Water 90%
Plasma Protein 6-8%
Electrolytes 1%
Other Component
Nutrient
Hormones
Blood Gases

7. Plasma Proteins
Blood-proteins, also termed plasma
proteins, are proteins present in blood
plasma.
They serve many di erent functions, including
transpotof lipids, hormones, vitamins and minerals
in activity and functioning of the immune system.

8. TYpes of Plasma Proteins
TYpes of Plasma Proteins
1. Albumin :55-65%
2. Alphha-1-globulin : 2-4%
3. Alpha-2-globulin :6-12%
4. Beta globulin :8-12%
5. Gamma globulin :12-22%
1. Albumin :55-65%
2. Alphha-1-globulin : 2-4%
3. Alpha-2-globulin :6-12%
4. Beta globulin :8-12%
5. Gamma globulin :12-22%

9. Albumin
1. Most abundant plasma protein (~40 g/L) in
normal adult.
2. Synthesized in the liver as
preproalbuminand secreted as albumin and
liver produces about 12g of albumin per
day.
3. Half-life in plasma: 20 days
4. albumin is present in CSF and Intersitial
fluid

10. Globulin
Globulin
Plasma proteins are implicated in a
wide array of diseases, including
autoimmune disorders, cancer, and
infectious diseases. Understanding
their role in disease pathogenesis is
crucial for developing targeted
therapies.
Plasma proteins are implicated in a
wide array of diseases, including
autoimmune disorders, cancer, and
infectious diseases. Understanding
their role in disease pathogenesis is
crucial for developing targeted
therapies.

11. Role of Plasma Proteins in
Pregnancy
Role of Plasma Proteins in
Pregnancy
During pregnancy, plasma proteins play a critical
role in fetal development and maternal health.
Their impact on nutrient transport and immune
tolerance is essential for ensuring a successful
pregnancy outcome.
During pregnancy, plasma proteins play a critical
role in fetal development and maternal health.
Their impact on nutrient transport and immune
tolerance is essential for ensuring a successful
pregnancy outcome.

12. Plasma Proteins in
Therapeutics
Plasma Proteins in
Therapeutics
Plasma proteins are utilized in various
therapeutic interventions, including
immune modulation and coagulation
disorders. Understanding their
therapeutic potential is essential for
advancing personalized medicine.
Plasma proteins are utilized in various
therapeutic interventions, including
immune modulation and coagulation
disorders. Understanding their
therapeutic potential is essential for
advancing personalized medicine.

13. Emerging Research Frontiers
Emerging Research Frontiers
Cutting-edge research is uncovering novel roles
of plasma proteins in areas such as
neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic
disorders, and tissue regeneration. These
discoveries hold promise for future therapeutic
interventions.
Cutting-edge research is uncovering novel roles
of plasma proteins in areas such as
neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic
disorders, and tissue regeneration. These
discoveries hold promise for future therapeutic
interventions.

14. Challenges and Limitations
Challenges and Limitations
Despite their critical functions,
plasma proteins present challenges
in terms of purification, storage,
and standardization for therapeutic
use. Addressing these limitations is
essential for realizing their full
potential.
Despite their critical functions,
plasma proteins present challenges
in terms of purification, storage,
and standardization for therapeutic
use. Addressing these limitations is
essential for realizing their full
potential.

15. Ethical Considerations
Ethical Considerations
The use of plasma proteins in
therapeutics raises ethical
considerations related to equitable
access, donor compensation, and
safety. Ensuring ethical practices is
paramount in harnessing the benefits
of plasma proteins.
The use of plasma proteins in
therapeutics raises ethical
considerations related to equitable
access, donor compensation, and
safety. Ensuring ethical practices is
paramount in harnessing the benefits
of plasma proteins.

16. Future Perspectives
Future Perspectives
Advancements in plasma protein
research hold promise for
revolutionizing diagnostics,
therapeutics, and personalized
medicine. Embracing these
developments is essential for
improving human health and well-
being.
Advancements in plasma protein
research hold promise for
revolutionizing diagnostics,
therapeutics, and personalized
medicine. Embracing these
developments is essential for
improving human health and well-
being.

17. Clinical Implications
Clinical Implications
Understanding the diverse
functions and impact of plasma
proteins has profound clinical
implications, from diagnosis and
treatment to disease prevention.
Integrating this knowledge into
clinical practice is essential for
improving patient outcomes.
Understanding the diverse
functions and impact of plasma
proteins has profound clinical
implications, from diagnosis and
treatment to disease prevention.
Integrating this knowledge into
clinical practice is essential for
improving patient outcomes.

18. Public Health
Significance
Public Health
Significance
The vital role of plasma proteins in
maintaining health and combating
diseases highlights their significance in
the context of public health. Harnessing
their potential can lead to improved
population health and disease
management strategies.
The vital role of plasma proteins in
maintaining health and combating
diseases highlights their significance in
the context of public health. Harnessing
their potential can lead to improved
population health and disease
management strategies.

19. Conclusion
Conclusion
Plasma proteins are indispensable for maintaining
homeostasis, regulating immune responses, and impacting
disease pathogenesis. Understanding their diverse functions
and therapeutic potential is essential for advancing human
health and well-being.
Plasma proteins are indispensable for maintaining
homeostasis, regulating immune responses, and impacting
disease pathogenesis. Understanding their diverse functions
and therapeutic potential is essential for advancing human
health and well-being.

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