Odessa is a major port city in southern Ukraine known for its long history of commerce and industry. It grew in the 19th century from a small settlement into an important commercial and scientific center, becoming the fourth largest city in the Russian Empire. Today, Odessa remains an economic hub with industries like metallurgy, oil refining, and machinery production. It is also a popular tourist destination for its beaches, catacombs, and architectural landmarks like the Vorontsov Palace.