OCD is characterized by obsessions and compulsions that dominate a person's life. Obsessions are unwanted thoughts and images, while compulsions are repetitive behaviors performed to reduce anxiety. It is the fourth most common mental disorder. Causes may include psychological, biological, and neurotransmitter factors. About 2-3% of people experience OCD in their lifetime, with symptoms including fears of contamination, aggression, need for symmetry, and unwanted thoughts. Treatment options include psychotherapy, behavior therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and antidepressant medication.

2. About OCD
 OCD is characterized by varying degrees of
obsessions and compulsions which dominate
and disrupt the person’s life, depending on the
individual
 Obsessions: persistent thoughts, ideas, impulses, or
images that invade a person’s consciousness.
 Compulsions: repetitive and rigid behaviors or mental
acts in which the person engages in an effort to reduce
anxiety
 The fourth most common mental disorder.

3. Causes
 Psychological Factors
 Biological Factors
 Neurotransmitters Role

4. Prevalence of OCD
 Lifetime prevalence, 2-3%
 One-year prevalence, 1-2% worldwide
 Equal in males and females
 Equally distributed among races/ethnicities

5. Symptoms of Obsessions
 Feel intrusive and foreign
 Are highly anxiety producing and unwelcome
 Display these type of behaviors :
 Fear of contamination
 Violence & aggression
 Need for symmetry, precise arranging
 Doubts (eg, gas jets off, doors locked)
 Unwanted sexual or aggressive thoughts or images
 Concerns about throwing away something valuable

6. Symptoms of Compulsions
 Person feels they must engage in specific
behaviors in order to be safe.
 Engaging in compulsions reduces anxiety and
controls obsessions for a brief time.
 Common compulsive rituals :
 Washing, cleaning
 Ordering, arranging, balancing, straightening until "just right"
 Checking, praying, “undoing” actions, asking for reassurance
 Repeated checking behaviors
 Hoarding

7. Treatment
 Psychotherapy
 Behavior Therapy (BT) and Cognitive BT (CBT)
 Drug Treatment
 Antidepressant

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