Observation is the process of carefully watching something using our five senses - sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell - to gather information. It allows us to determine an object's size, shape, color, motion through sight; sound pitch, intensity, loudness, and quality through hearing; sensations of hot/cold and hard/soft through touch; whether something is sour, sweet, or salty through taste; and if something smells awful or bad through smell.