oracle materialized view

1. Oracle9i ʵÌ廯Óͼ
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2. Oracle9i ʵÌ廯Óͼ
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Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 2 Ò³

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7. 2 ´ ½¨Ê±¼äάµÄ SQL Óï¾ä
CREATE DIMENSION times_dim
LEVEL day IS TIMES.TIME_ID
LEVEL month IS TIMES.CALENDAR_MONTH_DESC
LEVEL quarter IS TIMES.CALENDAR_QUARTER_DESC
LEVEL year IS TIMES.CALENDAR_YEAR
LEVEL fis_week IS TIMES.WEEK_ENDING_DAY
LEVEL fis_month IS TIMES.FISCAL_MONTH_DESC
LEVEL fis_quarter IS TIMES.FISCAL_QUARTER_DESC
LEVEL fis_year IS TIMES.FISCAL_YEAR
HIERARCHY cal_rollup
( day CHILD OF
month CHILD OF
quarter CHILD OF
year )
HIERARCHY fis_rollup
( day CHILD OF
fis_week CHILD OF
fis_month CHILD OF
fis_quarter CHILD OF
fis_year )
ATTRIBUTE day DETERMINES
(day_number_in_week, day_name, day_number_in_month,
calendar_week_number)
ATTRIBUTE month DETERMINES
Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 8Ò³
(calendar_month_desc, calendar_month_number,
calendar_month_name, days_in_cal_month,
end_of_cal_month)
ATTRIBUTE quarter DETERMINES
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days_in_cal_quarter, end_of_cal_quarter)
ATTRIBUTE year DETERMINES
(calendar_year, days_in_cal_year, end_of_cal_year)
ATTRIBUTE fis_week DETERMINES
(week_ending_day, fiscal_week_number) ;
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BUILD IMMEDIATE
REFRESH FAST ON DEMAND
ENABLE QUERY REWRITE
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SUM( unit_cost) AS sum_units,
COUNT(unit_cost) AS count_units,
COUNT(*) AS cnt
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GROUP BY time_id, prod_name;
Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 8 Ò³

9. ÒѾ-ÓµÐÊýݲֿâÄÕãÉÜß±¸ÁËŪºÍ¹³ÌÀ´Î¬»¤
ͼ¡£Òò´Ë¬ûÃÇÏÀÓ²éѯÖØй¦Äܶø»Â½¨¸Åª
¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃCREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW Óï¾äÒÔ¼° ON
PREBUILT TABLE ×Ӿ佫ÒÑ-´æÔÚµÄ±í¢²áΪÊÌ廯ͼ¡£
ʵÌ廯ÓͼÄÃû³Æ±ØÐëíÏଣ¹á©èö´
½¨¸Ã±í µÄ²é ѯµÄ SELECT ×Ó¾ä ¡£ ¿É ÄÜÎÞ ·¨Ê¼ ÖÕ±£ Ö¤ ²éѯµÄ ¾«¶È Óë
±íµÄ¾«¶ÈÆ¥Å䡣ΪÁË¿·þ´ÊÌâ¬Ó¦¸ÃÔÚ¹æÖаüº WITH
REDUCED PRECISION ×Ӿ䡣
ʵÌ廯 ÓͼµÄË÷ÒýÑ¡Ôñ
¸ù¾ÝʵÌ廯ÓͼÖÐÄý¿ºÇ·ñ½øÔöÁˢ£¬ÉÜèÒª´
½¨ÊµÌ廯ÓͼÄË÷Òý¡£ò´¬¦¸Ã¿ÂÇ×ÏÈöα¾Ø
Ë÷Òý£¬ÆäÖаüºùÓʵÌ廯ͼ¹Øסû¿ÉÔ
»¯ÊÓͼ¹Øü×ÖÁÐÉϵĥÎË÷Òý¡£
µ±´½¨Ë÷ÒýÊ£¬²»ªÍü¼Ç¿Âøö¶Ôæ¢ÕäÄó°
Ë¢ÐÂʱ¼äµÄÓ°Ïì¡£
ʵÌ廯 Óͼ¿ÉÒÔ ê³ Ä Ð©¹¤×÷£¿
ÔÚ´½¨ ʵÌå »¯ÊÓ Í¼Ö® Ç°»ò ¸Õ´ ½¨Ê± £¬ DBA ¿ÉÄÜ »á ¶ÔʵÌå »¯ÊÓ Í¼
²úÉÕâÑùµÄÒÎÊ£ºËü¾¿¹Ü×öôÔìÙ¢ÐÂðÈçû»
Ð ¬£ ²ÊªÎ ØÄ´Ã ¿£ DBMS_MVIEW.EXPLAIN_MVIEW ¹ý³Ì¿É ÒÔÌá ¹©
¸ÃÐÅÏ¢¡£
¿¼ÂÇÎÒÃÔÚÍ 3 Öд½¨µÄÊÌ廯Óͼ£¬Èç¹ûÎÒÃǶɾ³ý
COUNT£¨ *£©£¬È»ºóµ÷ÓÃͼ 4 ÖнéÉܵĹý³Ì
DBMS_MVIEW.EXPLAIN_MVIEW¡£Ëü½«¸æßÎÒÃǬ·Öøıäú
×Ù (PCT£© ¿ÉÓã¬ÒòΪ³±¾íÑ-»·ÖÇøËùÐÀà͵IJé¯Ø´
¼¶ ÇÊ É¿ ÜÄ Äµ £¡ »È µÊÚÓÉ ¬£ø¶ åÌ ¯» ÓÊ ¼Í ÐÖ »Ã ÐÓ COUNT£¨ *£© Ë´òÒ¬£
DML Ö®ºó¿ìËÙ¢ÐÂÒѾ-²»ÉÄÜÁ¡£
ͼ 4 ½âÊÍ µÌ廯 ÓͼʾÀý
TRUNCATE TABLE mv_capabilities_table;
EXEC DBMS_MVIEW.EXPLAIN_MVIEW (‘ SELECT time_id,
prod_name,SUM( unit_cost) AS sum_units,
COUNT(unit_cost) AS count_units, COUNT(*)
AS cnt FROM costs c, products p
WHERE c.prod_id = p.prod_id
GROUP BY time_id, prod_name’);
SELECT capability_name, possible, related_text, msgtxt
FROM mv_capabilities_table;
PCT_TABLE:Y COSTS:
PCT_TABLE:N
PRODUCTS: relation is not a partitioned table
REFRESH_COMPLETE:Y
Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 9 Ò³

10. REFRESH_FAST:Y
REFRESH_FAST_AFTER_ANY_DML:N
see the reason why REFRESH_FAST_AFTER_ONETAB_DML is
disabled
REFRESH_FAST_AFTER_INSERT:Y
REFRESH_FAST_AFTER_ONETAB_DML:N
COUNT(*) is not present in the select list
REFRESH_FAST_PCT:Y
REWRITE:Y
REWRITE_FULL_TEXT_MATCH:Y
REWRITE_GENERAL:Y
REWRITE_PARTIAL_TEXT_MATCH:Y
REWRITE_PCT:Y
ʵÌ廯 ÓͼʧÐ
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¶ÔʵÌ廯ÓͼÄ×´¬Ð²ÃÒÉΣ¿·¢³ö ALTER
MATERIALIZED VIEW COMPILE ÃüÁî À´È· ±£ÁË ½â Æä×îР״̬ ¡£
°²È«º¬Òå
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ÎñÆ÷ÖнøµÄ£¬ËùÒÔ¿ÉÏòÊý¾ÝºÍÌ廯Ӽṩ¸üÇ´ó±
»¤¡£ ΪÁË ±ÜÃâ ¶Ôʵ Ì廯 ÊÓͼ »òÏêÇé ±íµÄ δÊÚ È¨·Ã ÎÊ £¬ ÃÓ¹Ê CREATE
MATERIALIZED VIEW ʱ½«ÐèÒª CREATE MATERIALIZED
VIEW ȨÏÞ¡¢¶ÔêÇé±íµÄ SELECT WITH GRANT ȨÏÞ¡¢ÒÔ¼°¶
ʵÌ廯 ÊÓͼ ÈÝÆ÷ ¶ÔÏó µÄ SELECT WITH GRANT ºÍ INSERT ȨÏÞ ¡£
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Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 10 Ò³

11. ÔÚÀúÊ·ÉÏ£¬¸ÅÒª±í¹ÓÃý³ÌÖеĻöÎâ¾ÍÇõ¼Øº
Ëæºó¸üС£Õâ©ÎÊÌâÏÖÔڵýÁ˾ö£¬Òòª¸Å¹ÜÀíá©ÁËһϵ
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•
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ÕâЩ²Ù×÷¿ÉÒÔ
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• (DBMS_MVIEW.REFRESH)
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(DBMS_MVIEW.REFRESH_DEPENDENT)
•
(DBMS_MVIEW.REFRESH_ALL_MVIEWS)
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Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 11 Ò³

12. •
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È»¶ø£¬ DBA ¿ÉÒÔÈ·ÐÅ£¬Í¨¹ýÊÓÃ
ALTER TABLE <table name> ENABLE NOVALIDATE
CONSTRAINT <name> ×Ӿ䣬
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Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 12 Ò³

13. Êý¾ÝËäÈ»ÒÑ-¢Ð£¬µ«Ìå¯ÓͼԿÉò¹¨
ÃüÁîALTER SYSTEM SET QUERY_REWRITE_ENABLED =
FALSE ½ûÓà ²éѯ ÖØд £¬ Ö± ÖÁËùÓРʵÌå »¯ÊÓ Í¼¶ ÒѾ- ˢР¡£ Áí Ò»·½
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Ч¡£
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SELECT ×Ӿ䣬µ«²éѯÖØдÈÔ½ÒÀÚ°üº SELECT ×Ó¾äµÄ
INSERT ºÍ CREATE TABLE Óï¾ä¡£
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Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 13 Ò³

14. /½ûÓòéѯÖØд
µ±ÉèÖÃÁËÏÂвÎÊý£¬éѯش½«·¢úº
ALTER SESSION SET QUERY_REWRITE_ENABLED = TRUE
»ò
ALTER SYSTEM SET QUERY_REWRITE_ENABLED = TRUE
»òµ±¶¨ÒåʵÌ廯ÊÓͼʱ£¬Í¨¹ý°üÀ¨×Ó¾ä QUERY
ENABLE
REWRITE ÒÔʹÆä·ûºÏ²éѯÖØдÌõ¼þ¡£
ÓÐʱ¿ÉÄÜèÒª½ûòéѯÖØ´£¬ÕâÔͨ¹ý«ÏæµÎ¸
FALSE À´ÊµÏÖ£¬Ò²¿ÉÔÚ»¸ö¾ßÌå¯Óͼ¹Ã DISABLE
QUERY REWRITE ×Ó¾äÀ´ÊµÏÖ¡£
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Oracle9i ÖÐ¿É ÒÔÓÐ ¸÷Ö ²é ѯÖØд ÀàÐÍ £¬ ÏÂÃæ µÄÀý ×Ó½é ÉÜÁËʹ ÓÃͼ 5
ÖеÄÊÌ廯Óͼ¿ÉÒÔÏ©¹¦Ü¡£
ͼ 5 ʵÌ廯 Óͼ à ڲéѯÖØдʾÀý
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW all_cust_sales_mv
BUILD IMMEDIATE
REFRESH COMPLETE
ENABLE QUERY REWRITE
AS
SELECT c.cust_id,
p.prod_id,
sum(s.amount_sold) AS dollars,
sum(s.quantity_sold) as quantity
FROM sales s , customers c, products p
WHERE c.cust_id = s.cust_id
AND s.prod_id = p.prod_id
GROUP BY c.cust_id, p.prod_id;
ÍêÈ«Æ¥Åä
µ±ÊÌ廯Óͼ¶¨Òë²éÑêÈ«Æ¥Å䣬½á·¢Éú×îòÄ
¯Ñ ØÖ ²Ò£¡´Ð ÇÊ; ¬£µË FROM ×Ó¾ä ÖÐµÄ ±í ¡¢ WHERE ×Ó¾äÖÐ µÄÁª ½Ó
ºÍ GROUP BY ×Ó¾äÖеĹؼüÔÚ²éѯºÍÊÌå»®êÈ«Æ¥
Åä¡£ÀýÈ笸ø³öÏÂÃæµÄ²éѯº
SELECT c.cust_id,
sum(s.quantity_sold) as quantity
FROM sales s , customers c, products p
WHERE c.cust_id = s.cust_id
AND s.prod_id = p.prod_id
GROUP BY c.cust_id, p.prod_id;
Oracle9i ÖØд˲éѯÒÔʹÓà all_cust_sales_mv
Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 14 Ò³

15. ÓÐʱºò²éѯ¿ÉÄÜ»áμ³ÒÁ£¬¸Ã´æ¢ÔÚŪíÖµ«Ç
¿ÉÒÔͨ ¹ý½« ʵÌå »¯ÊÓ Í¼Áª ½Ó·µ»Ø µ½ºÏ ÊµÄ Î¬±í À´ÖØ Ð»ñµÃ ¡£ Àý Èç £¬
ÔÚÇ°Ãæ µÄÀý ×ÓÖÐ £¬¼Ù É豨 ¸æ²»ÊÇ ¸ù¾Ý Óû§ ID£¬¶ø ÊÇ Ê¹Óà »§Ãû ¡£
SELECT c.cust_last_name,
sum(s.quantity_sold) as quantity
FROM sales s , customers c, products p
WHERE c.cust_id = s.cust_id
AND s.prod_id = p.prod_id
GROUP BY c.cust_last_name, p.prod_id;
´Ë´Î²éѯ²Î¿¼ c.cust_last_name ÁУ¬¸Ã²»ÔÚʵÌå¯Óͼ
all_cust_sales_mv ÖУ¬µ« c.cust_last_name ÔÚ¹¦ÄÜÉÏÈ¡¾öÓ
c.cust_id£¬ Õâ ÊÇÓÉ ËüÃÇ Ö®¼ä µÄ²ã´Î ¹Øϵ ¾ö¶¨ µÄ¡£ Õâ Òâ ζ×ű¾ ´Î²é ѯ
¿ÉÒÔͨ ¹ý all_cust_sales_mv À´ÖØ Ð´£¬ ÒòΪ all_cust_sales_mv ªÁ»±
½Ó·µ»Ø¿Í§±íÒÔñà c.cust_last_name ÁС£
¸ÅÒª»ã×Ü ò¾ÛºÏËùÓÐ
µ±²éѯÔÚijһã´ÎÖÐÇëó¾ÛºÏ£¨Èç SUM £¨ÏúÊÛ©¬¸Ã¾ºµÄ
¼¶±ðȾۺÏÔÚʵÌ廯ÓÍÖдæ¢Ä¸üߣ¬¿ÉÒ¨¹ýÃ
Ì廯ÊÓ Í¼ £¬ ÒÔ ¼° ½« ¸Ã ¾Û ºÏ »ã×ܵ½ ËùÐè ¼¶±ð ´Ó¶ø ¶Ô¸Ã ²éѯ½ø ÐÖØ Ð´ ¡£
ÀýÈ磬ÎÒÃǵÄÊÌ廯Óͼ all_cust_sales_mv ÊÇÔÚ¿Í»§¼¶±ðÉÏ×éÖ¯
Êý¾ÝµÄ£¬«ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉܸüÏÍûÔÚ״̼¶±ð½öÓ»§À¨æ¡
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ÏÂÃæµÄ²éѯ¿ÉÒÔʹÓÎÇÌå»Í¼ all_cust_sales_mv À´²úÉ
±¨¸æ£¬½«Ä³Ò»¿Í§µËùÓÐÊý¾Ý¶¼ÛºÏÆðÀ´²¢ã×ÜÌ¡
SELECT c.cust_state_province,
sum(s.quantity_sold) as quantity
FROM sales s , customers c, products p
WHERE c.cust_id = s.cust_id
AND s.prod_id = p.prod_id
GROUP BY c.cust_state_province;
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µ«ÕâÈÔ »áµ¼ ÖÂÒ» ¸ö·Ç ³£ÅÓ ´óµÄÊ Ì廯 ÊÓͼ ¡£ Oracle9i ÔÊÐí¶¨ Òå» ¸ö
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Hamburg ºÍ Istanbul µÄÊý¾Ý¡£
Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 15 Ò³

16. 6 °üº¬Êý¾Ý×Ó¼¯µÄÊ Ìå» Óͼ
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW some_cust_sales_mv
BUILD IMMEDIATE
REFRESH COMPLETE
ENABLE QUERY REWRITE
AS
SELECT c.cust_id,
p.prod_id,
sum(s.amount_sold) AS dollars,
sum(s.quantity_sold) as quantity
FROM sales s , customers c, products p
WHERE c.cust_id = s.cust_id
AND s.prod_id = p.prod_id
AND c.cust_state_province IN
('Dublin','Galway','Hamburg','Istanbul')
GROUP BY c.cust_id, p.prod_id;
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SELECT c.cust_state_province,
sum(s.quantity_sold) as quantity
FROM sales s , customers c, products p
WHERE c.cust_id = s.cust_id
AND s.prod_id = p.prod_id
AND c.cust_state_province IN ('Dublin','Galway')
GROUP BY c.cust_state_province;
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QUERY_REWRITE_INTEGRITY À´Ñ¡ÔñÈýÖÍêÕû춱ð£
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Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 16 Ò³

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Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 17 Ò³

18. 7 ½âÊÍÖØд ¾Àý
DECLARE
querytxt VARCHAR2(1500) := 'SELECT c.cust_id,
sum(s.amount_sold) AS dollars, p.prod_id,
sum(s.quantity_sold) as quantity
FROM sales s , customers c, products p
WHERE c.cust_id = s.cust_id
AND s.prod_id = p.prod_id
AND c.cust_state_province IN
(''Dublin'',''Galway'',''Hamburg'',
''Istanbul'')
GROUP BY c.cust_id, p.prod_id';
BEGIN
dbms_mview.Explain_Rewrite(querytxt, NULL, 'ID1');
END;
/
SELECT message FROM rewrite_table;
MESSAGE
------------------------------------------------------
QSM-01009:materialized view, SOME_CUST_SALES_MV, matched
query text
QSM-01033:query rewritten with materialized view,
SOME_CUST_SALES_MV
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Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 18 Ò³

19. Oracle9i ÖпÉÒÔÓÃÏÂæµÄÎʽÀ´Ìṩ£º
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Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 19 Ò³

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DECLARE
no_of_rows NUMBER;
mv_size NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbms_olap.estimate_summary_size ('MV 1',
'SELECT c.cust_id, sum(s.amount_sold) AS
dollars,p.prod_id, sum(s.quantity_sold)
as quantity
FROM sales s , customers c, products p
WHERE c.cust_id = s.cust_id
AND s.prod_id = p.prod_id
GROUP BY c.cust_id, p.prod_id' ,
no_of_rows, mv_size );
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ( '');
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ( 'No of Rows:' || no_of_rows );
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ( 'Size of Materialized view (bytes):
' ||
mv_size ); END;
No of Rows: 245504
Size of Materialized view (bytes): 21604352
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Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 20 Ò³

21. Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ
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Oracle Corporation
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Oracle9i ʵÌ廯ÊÓͼ µÚ 21 Ò³