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Site Preparation and Tending
Site Preparation and Tending ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mowing – Pre Planting ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Mowing – Post Planting ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Boom Spraying ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
 
 
Band Spraying  (Pre - planting) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Band Spraying  (at planting) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Simazine Application  Rates ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Band Spraying  (Post planting) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Plough and  Double Disking ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
Spot Spraying ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
I don’t want herbicides ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 

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nvca tending

Editor's Notes

  1. Alfalfa can only be controlled by fall spraying the year prior to tree planting. Boom spray Roundup Ultra at 1.5l/ha + 2,4,D at 0.5l/ha, before the first killing frost. Can use Vision as well.
  2. Site was boom sprayed year previous to planting (early November). Site was a well managed hay field with no history of cattle grazing. Band sprayed with simazine at 3kg/ha at planting. Photo taken June 25 so we still had excellent control. Alfalfa was not killed due to late spraying, but in low enough numbers to prevent suppression of trees.
  3. Site in early October
  4. Typical old field site – grasses, goldenrod, asters. Very heavy thatch, in some sections 1 – 1.3m high. Site was active cattle pasture up to 2007. Prescription called for mowing in 2009, band spray simazine at planting at 5.5kg/ha, Monitor and mow in between rows only if required. Site had abundant thistle, field bindweed, vetch and black medick, which would have been released by the removal of the grasses.
  5. Field bindweed and vetch – which can be a big problem for seedlings.
  6. Flowable simazine has 480 – 500g/l. To get an application rate of 5.5kg/ha you need 11.5l/ha. Bare ground rates are higher than those on established thatch. An application rate of 3.5kg/ha on sandy soil is fine if the site is sprayed the fall previous with glyphoste and/or cultivated. That rate on heavy thatch will provide poor control. Bare ground Thatch Sands 3.5kg/ha 4.5 – 5.5kg/ha Loams 5.5kg/ha 6.5kg/ha Clays 7kg/ha 7kg/ha You cannot kill deep rooted perennials like alfalfa, milkweed, or asters. La and Le are sensitive over 3.5kg/ha. Heavy rates carry a high risk of groundwater contamination on sandy soils.
  7. Fall over spraying. Use Glyfos at 2.4l/ha (1l/ac) can also use 2,4-D amine at 0.5l/ha. Vision should be ok based on the label. Glyfos, Vision and 2,4-D state that the product is “not recommended” for over spraying. But have a listing under “post directed sprays in established plantations” Roundup original worked as well. DO NOT use any of the new Roundup formulations. Spruce harden first (late Sept – early October), White pine later (mid to late October), larches last (late October to early November). Do not overspray Cw. When mixing these species together in a plantation you limit your herbicide options.
  8. Drainage issues – mounding. We don’t due it due to the cost and lack of equipment. If it is too wet to plant move on. Young’s teeth for hawthorns and compacted soils – too expensive with the current 50MTP funding formula.
  9. J+2 Pr on moderate thatch, with a landowner who actually mows. Scalping – was very common on machine planted sites in the past. Can work well if set up properly – 1 season of control only. Common site preparation method in the southern US, but sites scalped months ahead of time. Issues with contours and erosion.
  10. Tubes and mulches are very expensive and not a realistic option when dealing with numbers over 500. A clean, worked field with a cover crop is the best option for those who insist on no spraying (even though the site required spraying to prepare it), and those willing to accommodate it.