The document discusses a study on the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) policy in India and its lack of implementation. Some key points:
- NRHM aims to provide effective and accessible healthcare to rural populations, with a focus on women, children, and marginalized groups.
- The study uses a questionnaire to survey 100 people in rural and urban areas of Bulandshahr on their awareness and experiences with NRHM policies.
- The results found that while many programs and policies under NRHM aim to improve health outcomes, there are still gaps in awareness and implementation at the local level that undermine the goals and effectiveness of the policies.
Female Community Health Volunteers in Nepal: What We Know and Steps Going For...JSI
Presented by Leela Khanal, Project Director, JSI/Chlorhexidine Navi Care Program, at a USAID brown bag meeting on July 20, 2016.
The presentation shows the results of the recent Nepal Female Community Health Volunteer (FCHV) National Survey which was funded by USAID, UNICEF, and Save the Children, and conducted by Advancing Partners & Communities in partnership with the Ministry of Health and Population. It collected updated information on FCHV work profiles, the services they provide, and the support they receive from different levels of the health system. In addition, the survey set out to understand FCHV motivational factors, and how FCHVs are perceived by the communities that they serve. The ultimate goal of the survey was to identify possible suggestions for policy change or other strategies to sustain the FCHV program in Nepal.
FCHVs are trusted members of the community who have promoted positive behaviors related to safe motherhood, child health, family planning and other various health related areas. This slide covers a comprehensive ideas regarding the FCHVs, their functions, roles and status in Nepal.
Female Community Health Volunteers in Nepal: What We Know and Steps Going For...JSI
Presented by Leela Khanal, Project Director, JSI/Chlorhexidine Navi Care Program, at a USAID brown bag meeting on July 20, 2016.
The presentation shows the results of the recent Nepal Female Community Health Volunteer (FCHV) National Survey which was funded by USAID, UNICEF, and Save the Children, and conducted by Advancing Partners & Communities in partnership with the Ministry of Health and Population. It collected updated information on FCHV work profiles, the services they provide, and the support they receive from different levels of the health system. In addition, the survey set out to understand FCHV motivational factors, and how FCHVs are perceived by the communities that they serve. The ultimate goal of the survey was to identify possible suggestions for policy change or other strategies to sustain the FCHV program in Nepal.
FCHVs are trusted members of the community who have promoted positive behaviors related to safe motherhood, child health, family planning and other various health related areas. This slide covers a comprehensive ideas regarding the FCHVs, their functions, roles and status in Nepal.
"Primary Health Care is essential health care made universally accessible to individuals & acceptable to them, through their full participation & at a cost the community & country can afford”.
A PROPOSAL ON HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ON SCHOOL...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
A PROPOSAL ON
HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ON SCHOOL HEALTH NUTRITION AMONG THE PRIMARY LEVEL STUDENTS OF POKHARA METROPOLITAN-30, KASKI
Family welfare programme IN COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
INTRODUCTION • Family planning means planning by individual or couples to have only the children they want, when they want them, this is responsible parenthood. • Family welfare includes not only planning of birth, but they welfare of wholes family by means of total family health care. The family welfare programme has high priority in India because its success depends upon the quality of life of all citizens.
3. HISTORY OF FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME • It was started in the year 1951. • In 1977, the government of India redesignated the NATIONAL FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMME as the NATIONAL FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME also changed the name of the ministry of health and family planning to ministry of health and family welfare.
4. Cont… • It is a reflection of the government anxiety to promote family planning through the total welfare of the family. • It is aimed at achieving a higher end i.e. to improve the quality of life of the people.
5. Cont… • India is the first country in the world that implemented the family welfare programme at government level. • Health is a part of concurrent list but centers provides 100% assistance to states for this programme.
6. Cont… • Government has concentrated on this programme in various five year plans through higher priority was accorded to it after fourth five year plan. • Due to bad effect of emergency and faulty propaganda family planning suffered major setback, during 1977-1979.
7. Cont… • It was decided in national health policy in 1983, and then net reproduction rate should be one by the year 2000. • The 7th five year plan placed more emphasis on the use of spacing methods between the birth of two children
PRACTICAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN DISECTION AND CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MESSA...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
PRACTICAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN DISECTION AND CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MESSAGE OF COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING AND ASSESSMENT OF FAVORABLE AND UNFAVORABLE BEHAVIOR ON MATERNAL NUTRITION
Factors Associated with Enrolment of Households in Nepal’s National Health In...Prabesh Ghimire
Abstract
Background: Nepal has made remarkable efforts towards social health protection over the past several years. In 2016, the Government of Nepal introduced a National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) with an aim to ensure equitable and universal access to healthcare by all Nepalese citizens. Following the first year of operation, the scheme has covered 5 percent of its target population. There are wider concerns regarding the capacity of NHIP to achieve adequate population coverage and remain viable. In this context, this study aimed to identify the factors associated with enrolment of households in the NHIP.
Methods: A cross-sectional household survey using face to face interview was carried out in 2 Palikas (municipalities) of Ilam district. 570 households were studied by recruiting equal number of NHIP enrolled and non-enrolled households. We used Pearson’s chi-square test and binary logistic regression to identify the factors associated with household’s enrolment in NHIP. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 23 software.
Results: Enrolment of households in NHIP was found to be associated with ethnicity, socio-economic status, past experience of acute illness in family and presence of chronic illness. The households that belonged to higher socio-economic status were about 4 times more likely to enrol in the scheme. It was also observed that households from privileged ethnic groups such as Brahmin, Chhetri, Gurung, and Newar were 1.7 times more likely to enrol in NHIP compared to those from underprivileged ethnic groups such as janajatis (indigenous people) and dalits (the oppressed). The households with illness experience in 3 months preceding the survey were about 1.5 times more likely to enrol in NHIP compared to households that did not have such experience. Similarly, households in which at least one of the members was chronically ill were 1.8 times more likely to enrol compared to households with no chronic illness.
Conclusion: Belonging to the privileged ethnic group, having a higher socio-economic status, experiencing an acute illness and presence of chronically ill member in the family are the factors associated with enrolment of households in NHIP. This study revealed gaps in enrolment between rich-poor households and privileged-underprivileged ethnic groups. Extension of health insurance coverage to poor and marginalized households is therefore needed to increase equity and accelerate the pace towards achieving universal health coverage.
Role & responsibilities of mid level healthcare providersHarsh Rastogi
Role & responsibilities of mid level healthcare providers
Mid-level health providers (MLHPs) are health workers trained at a higher education institution for at least 2-3 years.
MLHP is a health provider who:
Who is trained, authorized and regulated to work autonomously,
Who receives pre-service training at a higher education institution for at least 2-3 years, and
Whose scope of practice includes (but is not restricted to) being able to diagnose, manage and treat illness, disease and impairments (including perform surgery, where appropriately trained), prescribe medicines, as well as engage in preventive and promotive care.
Assessment of women non formal educational empowerment programmDr. Mary Agbo
The study evaluated the administrative effectiveness of women non-formal educational empowerment program for women in the rural areas of Benue State. A descriptive survey method was employed in order to assess the impact of administration of the Program. Two types of data were collected for the study: primary and secondary data. The former was collected with the use of structured and unstructured questionnaires, interviews and participant observation; while the latter were derived from existing literature and document from the State Ministry of Education. The study findings indicated that the numbers of women who participated in the program increased annually. The program has recorded some success in the area of promotion of mass literacy; skill acquisition; and employment opportunities.
A PROPOSAL ON WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
A PROPOSAL ON
WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM AMONG THE MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT WORKERS OF POKHARA METROPOLITAN CITY
This study focused on the practice of health communication on family planning at Amhara
National Regional state, East Gojjam Zone specifically Gozamen woreda, on whether the communication
strategies were effective in promoting participation and creating awareness among the rural communities and
what kind of communication strategies
"Primary Health Care is essential health care made universally accessible to individuals & acceptable to them, through their full participation & at a cost the community & country can afford”.
A PROPOSAL ON HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ON SCHOOL...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
A PROPOSAL ON
HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ON SCHOOL HEALTH NUTRITION AMONG THE PRIMARY LEVEL STUDENTS OF POKHARA METROPOLITAN-30, KASKI
Family welfare programme IN COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
INTRODUCTION • Family planning means planning by individual or couples to have only the children they want, when they want them, this is responsible parenthood. • Family welfare includes not only planning of birth, but they welfare of wholes family by means of total family health care. The family welfare programme has high priority in India because its success depends upon the quality of life of all citizens.
3. HISTORY OF FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME • It was started in the year 1951. • In 1977, the government of India redesignated the NATIONAL FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMME as the NATIONAL FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME also changed the name of the ministry of health and family planning to ministry of health and family welfare.
4. Cont… • It is a reflection of the government anxiety to promote family planning through the total welfare of the family. • It is aimed at achieving a higher end i.e. to improve the quality of life of the people.
5. Cont… • India is the first country in the world that implemented the family welfare programme at government level. • Health is a part of concurrent list but centers provides 100% assistance to states for this programme.
6. Cont… • Government has concentrated on this programme in various five year plans through higher priority was accorded to it after fourth five year plan. • Due to bad effect of emergency and faulty propaganda family planning suffered major setback, during 1977-1979.
7. Cont… • It was decided in national health policy in 1983, and then net reproduction rate should be one by the year 2000. • The 7th five year plan placed more emphasis on the use of spacing methods between the birth of two children
PRACTICAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN DISECTION AND CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MESSA...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
PRACTICAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN DISECTION AND CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MESSAGE OF COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING AND ASSESSMENT OF FAVORABLE AND UNFAVORABLE BEHAVIOR ON MATERNAL NUTRITION
Factors Associated with Enrolment of Households in Nepal’s National Health In...Prabesh Ghimire
Abstract
Background: Nepal has made remarkable efforts towards social health protection over the past several years. In 2016, the Government of Nepal introduced a National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) with an aim to ensure equitable and universal access to healthcare by all Nepalese citizens. Following the first year of operation, the scheme has covered 5 percent of its target population. There are wider concerns regarding the capacity of NHIP to achieve adequate population coverage and remain viable. In this context, this study aimed to identify the factors associated with enrolment of households in the NHIP.
Methods: A cross-sectional household survey using face to face interview was carried out in 2 Palikas (municipalities) of Ilam district. 570 households were studied by recruiting equal number of NHIP enrolled and non-enrolled households. We used Pearson’s chi-square test and binary logistic regression to identify the factors associated with household’s enrolment in NHIP. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 23 software.
Results: Enrolment of households in NHIP was found to be associated with ethnicity, socio-economic status, past experience of acute illness in family and presence of chronic illness. The households that belonged to higher socio-economic status were about 4 times more likely to enrol in the scheme. It was also observed that households from privileged ethnic groups such as Brahmin, Chhetri, Gurung, and Newar were 1.7 times more likely to enrol in NHIP compared to those from underprivileged ethnic groups such as janajatis (indigenous people) and dalits (the oppressed). The households with illness experience in 3 months preceding the survey were about 1.5 times more likely to enrol in NHIP compared to households that did not have such experience. Similarly, households in which at least one of the members was chronically ill were 1.8 times more likely to enrol compared to households with no chronic illness.
Conclusion: Belonging to the privileged ethnic group, having a higher socio-economic status, experiencing an acute illness and presence of chronically ill member in the family are the factors associated with enrolment of households in NHIP. This study revealed gaps in enrolment between rich-poor households and privileged-underprivileged ethnic groups. Extension of health insurance coverage to poor and marginalized households is therefore needed to increase equity and accelerate the pace towards achieving universal health coverage.
Role & responsibilities of mid level healthcare providersHarsh Rastogi
Role & responsibilities of mid level healthcare providers
Mid-level health providers (MLHPs) are health workers trained at a higher education institution for at least 2-3 years.
MLHP is a health provider who:
Who is trained, authorized and regulated to work autonomously,
Who receives pre-service training at a higher education institution for at least 2-3 years, and
Whose scope of practice includes (but is not restricted to) being able to diagnose, manage and treat illness, disease and impairments (including perform surgery, where appropriately trained), prescribe medicines, as well as engage in preventive and promotive care.
Assessment of women non formal educational empowerment programmDr. Mary Agbo
The study evaluated the administrative effectiveness of women non-formal educational empowerment program for women in the rural areas of Benue State. A descriptive survey method was employed in order to assess the impact of administration of the Program. Two types of data were collected for the study: primary and secondary data. The former was collected with the use of structured and unstructured questionnaires, interviews and participant observation; while the latter were derived from existing literature and document from the State Ministry of Education. The study findings indicated that the numbers of women who participated in the program increased annually. The program has recorded some success in the area of promotion of mass literacy; skill acquisition; and employment opportunities.
A PROPOSAL ON WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
A PROPOSAL ON
WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM AMONG THE MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT WORKERS OF POKHARA METROPOLITAN CITY
This study focused on the practice of health communication on family planning at Amhara
National Regional state, East Gojjam Zone specifically Gozamen woreda, on whether the communication
strategies were effective in promoting participation and creating awareness among the rural communities and
what kind of communication strategies
Household survey as a tool for training medical students in measuring public ...Alim A-H Yacoub Lovers
Habib OS, Ajeel NAH, Yacoub AAH. Household surveys as a tool for training medical students in measuring population health. The Iraqi Journal of Community Medicine 2002; 15: 5-8.
Budget RESEARCHBudget Template - page 1 of 2GRANT(For Internal Use.docxAASTHA76
Budget RESEARCHBudget Template - page 1 of 2GRANT(For Internal Use Only - see specific sponsoringTitle:Union County of Georgia cancer prevention programagency for the proper forms)Date:12-May-17RFA no.PI:Project Period:2017/2018Budget Period:2017-2018Year 1Field researchResearch assitants( Salaries & benefits)250,000Transport120,000Research tools( questionaires and interviews)50,000420,000Screening actvitiesLocal hospital staff service fees80,000Electricity consumed by equipment20,000Maintenace expenses40,000140,000MarketingNutrionists service fees150,000Local gym service15,000Formation of chamber fo commerce180,000Education workshops ( schools and community centers)50,000395,000
pasterme:
rate as of 7/1/05
subject to change
confirm with the SPH
Business Office
pasterme:
part-time student rate as of 7/1/04 subject to change confirm with the SPH Business Office
pasterme:
rate subject to change Please review all budgets with the SPH
Business Office.
Running head: COMMUNITY COALITION 1
COMMUNITY COALITION 3
Community Coalition
Kimberly Crawford
Kaplan University
January 8, 2018
Community Coalition
1. Choose 5 partnerships to engage and explain why you would invite each of these people//organizations to be a part of the coalition.
The creation of community health promotion and education programs takes into consideration several agencies or parties who help in the achievement of the desired health goals. Each of the partners will address its roles using different approaches depending on their area of expertise. This is an important factor to consider as different institutions address health promotion using different approaches and perspectives. The overall outcome from the contribution of every partner should be able to restore and promote the physical, emotional, spiritual, psychological, and social wellness of the community in relation to the health issue being suffered (Minelli, & Breckon, 2009). Chronic diseases are currently the leading causes of death in the community due to their complexity and the severe effects on human health. The community health promotion and education program will be provided by the ‘Health Concerns Coalition’ which will be made up of the following partners; community religious groups, Cancer Supportive Care Foundation, an association of cancer-survivor patients, nutritional organizations, and the local authority.
1. Cancer Supportive Care Foundation – This is an important part of the coalition as it will offer technical expertise in education and diagnosis of chronic diseases. The foundation team will include medical experts who will diagnose the community members of any chronic illnesses. Examinations for diseases such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, diabetes and blood pressure will be conducted by this partner as they will provide modern machines needed for the diagnosis of chronic illnesses.
2. Community religious groups – Community religious groups ca ...
The centrality of health outcomes to India’s overall development cannot be over stated as poor health is not only a consequence of but also a major cause for persisting inter-generational poverty.
Partnering with Patients, Families and Communities for Health: A Global Imper...EngagingPatients
Engagement is an essential tool to improving global health. This report introduces a new framework for engagement to help countries assess current programs and think strategically about future engagement opportunities. It spotlights barriers to engagement and offers concrete examples of effective engagement from around the globe.
Flora DiamreyanLeading Health Promotion for Populations .docxclydes2
Flora Diamreyan
Leading Health Promotion for Populations
The Doctor of Nurse Practice (DNP) priority is health promotion by providing education and awareness on those health behaviors to enhance longevity. Population health focuses on promoting health outcomes. The DNP role is crucial in promoting health activities by preventing diseases and disability on the local, regional, national, and global scale. Through assessment, implementation, the DNP evaluates outcomes of population health and intervention to promote the improvement of the health of those he or she serves. The discussion will focus on the future role of the DNP in leading and promoting the population (Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).
Identification of One Evidence-Based Strategy for Leading Efforts to Attain Optimal Health for Populations, on a Local, National, or Global Scale.
Attaining optimal population health is the goal and top priority of the healthcare system and the Doctor of Nurse Practice (DNP). One evidence-based strategy of leading efforts to attain optimal health for populations on a local, national, and global scale is through prevention. Preventing disease is obtained through health education and immunizations (Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019). Studies show a population-based approach to health promotion that addresses social and structural factors, focusing on the communities, cities, state, national and global enhance the population health. Addressing social and structural factors affecting population health is an integrated approach that aims for health promotion (Assefa et al., 2019; Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).
Health education involves providing awareness to disease conditions, health behaviors, and healthy lifestyles to promotes health. Providing education at the local, national, and global scales enables the population to be aware of vital steps to enhance their health. Providing immunization and vaccination is primary prevention to improve population health by preventing or reducing the spread of diseases. Education is crucial across the healthcare system. Health education provides an awareness of risk factors and healthcare information to promote optimal health to the vulnerable population such as the minority, children, pregnant women, low income, and the poor. Providing immunization reduces the risk of disease to improve health outcomes. The DNP collaborates with stakeholders and advocates in meeting the challenges of improving population health at the local, national, and global scale (Assefa et al., 2019; Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).
The DNP promotes population health in the communities he or she serves to prevent diseases and improve population health through health promotion. The DNP analyzes epidemiological, statistical data in the environment as relating to population health. The DNP uses the information, including the consideration of cultural diversity, to design servic.
1. STUDY ON NRHM (NATIONAL RURAL HEALTH
MISSION) POLICY AND LACKING IN ITS
IMPLEMENTATION
Submitted By
SUPRIYA TRIPATHI
Enrollment number - A7528713065
BJ & MC -3rd
Semester
Under Guidance of
Ms. Areena Zainub Mirza
ASCO Lucknow
AMITY SCHOOL OF COMMUNICATION
AMITY UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW CAMPUS
2. ABSTRACT –
National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) seeks to provide effective healthcare to rural and urban
population throughout the state with special focus on the backward districts with weak human
development and health indicators especially among the poor and marginalized groups like
women and the vulnerable sections of the society. The goal of NRHM is to improve the
availability and access to quality health care by people, especially for those residing in rural
areas, the poor women and children.
Some principles of NRHM are to provide effective healthcare to especially women and children
in Rural and Urban areas, which have weak indicators. This similarly means to raise access,
equity, accountability, quality and effectiveness of public health services and
Decentralized Management at District level and effective amalgamation of health programs
It aims to emphasize the involvement of Panchayati Raj Institution as well as the community in
management of primary health programs.
NRHM gyrate around some determinants of health like, Sanitation and Hygiene, Safe drinking
water, Nutrition, Gender and Social concerns.
Government spent lot of money for these policies but it is not mention anywhere about all the
lacking behind implementation of their policies. If Government releases a new policy for the
welfare of women and new born baby then how much does it implemented in the particular rural
area is the big question. How much the people of village are immunized, Does Pregnant ladies
know about the ‘Janani Surkasha Yojana’(JSY) which is basically all about to promote
Institutional Delivery. Does they are aware about ‘Swachta Samity’ in which government
promote clean and healthy environment. For this government spent a large amount of money. In
this policy, Gram Pradhan and ANM (Auxillary Nurse Midwives) has a joint account which is
basically for the cleaning of the village. The study through survey analysis attempts to analyze
effectiveness of the government policies in Rural and Urban areas. The study will be significant
in exploring the impact of such policies in Rural and Urban areas it could help to find out the
reason behind lacking in its implementation.
KEYWORDS- Government, Effective, Policies, Implementation, Immunization.
3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
As a part of our course curriculum, I had to make a project report on the NRHM (National Rural
Health Mission) Policy and lacking in its implementation
to get the right exposure to the practical aspects of Journalism & Mass Communication.
I extend my heartiest thanks to everybody who helped me through the successful completion of
my project, which has been a great source of learning and experience for me.
I am also indebted to my teachers, my guide Ms.Areena Zainub Mirza, my family and friends for
their valuable support guidance in carrying out this study.
Student’s Signature
Name- SUPRIYA TRIPATHI
Date:
4. CERTIFICATE BY PROJECT GUIDE
Certified that the project Name of the Project is prepared by Name of the
Student, student of MJ&MC/BJ&MC (Semester), AMITY SCHOOL OF
COMMUNICATION, in partial fulfillment of award of degree of
Masters/Bachelors of Journalism and Mass Communication from AMITY
UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH, LUCKNOW CAMPUS.
FACULTY GUIDE
Name
Designation
Amity School of Communication
DIRECTOR
S.M. Johri
Professor-Director
AmitySchool of Communication
Date:
6. INTRODUCTION
The National Rural Health Mission is a major bellwether program of the government in
the health & hygiene sector, It aims at comprehensive health and improved access to quality
health care for those residing in rural areas, particularly women, children and the poor by
promoting, Decentralization and encouraging community ownership in health
programs.
NRHM is primarily a financing mechanism for strengthening the public health system in the
states. NRHM design recognizes that beyond this increased investment, improved governance,
Institutional reform and innovation are essential, and these cannot be ensured by NRHM alone.
NRHM enabled a flexible program and budgetary environment which in turn stimulated state
governments to pilot innovations in health systems delivery.
NRHM has played a major role by strengthening health facilities to provide services
by adding over one lakh human resources, improving infrastructure, by increasing
availability of equipment and essential supplies and by promoting demand through
community level processes.
Four major innovations have contributed to the reduction in maternal mortality.
These include the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) for promoting institutional delivery,
the “Dial 108” Ambulance System, to address the issue of emergency transport, the
multi skilling of non specialist medical officers to address the lack of specialist skills for
the provision of emergency obstetric care and the Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram
(JSSK) is to reduce the financial barriers of access to care.
The objective of this study is to get a ratio about the money expend by the government for the
welfare of women, children and society. The Study is to calculate it in a higher pace, that is it
just become the medium to earn money for the health and Hygiene department or do they follow
up the guidelines given by the government for the welfare of the society.
1/12
7. Like for an example, if a lady know about the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) then it is also very
much necessary to know about the mature gap between two children for the better health of
mother. The relatively small enabling report is the sum given as part of JSY would significantly
influence women families to have repeated pregnancies, just to earn some money.
This directly influences the Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR), Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and
lastly Total Fertility Rate (TFR).
Bringing families into contact with the health system increases their confidence in child survival
and helps to empower and motivate women for family planning. There is however a problem in
service provision of contraceptive services as there is a mismatch between the rate of
growth of skilled service providers and the utilization of services.
PROJECT DESIGN –
The research methodology used in this Survey is the Questionnaire method.
Survey was conducted to examine the impact of NRHM Policies in Rural and Urban Areas and
its related implementation. To analyze the opinion and reaction towards the same, the general
public from Rural and Urban areas of Bulandshahr were selected. The sample size was of 100
respondents drawn through random sampling. The questionnaire consisted of close ended
question which focused on gauging opinion of Rural and Urban living people for the different
government policies.
The questionnaire consist 21 questions, some with appropriate options. There are 5 questions for
Demographic Details and remaining from the existing topic. The questionnaire is as following –
प्रश्नमाला
1-नाम
2-पिता / िपत/ ित्नी का नाम
3-उम्र
2/12
8. 4-पलिंग
5- ग्रामीण / शहरी- खिंड
6-पििापहत / अपििापहत
7- आिको शादी की औसत उम्र िता है
a- 18
b- 21
c- 16
8- क्या आि मातृत्ि की औसत उम्र जानते हो
a- हािं
b- -नहीं
c- -िता नही
9-पकतने बच्चे तुम्हारे िास है
10 -प्रसि कहााँ हुआ था
a- अस्िताल
b- घर
c- लागू नहीं
11- गर्ाािस्था के दौरान प्रपतरक्षण हुआ
a- हािं
b- नहीं
c- लागू नहीं
3/12
9. 12- प्रपतरक्षण टीका नाम क्या है
a- टीटी 1
b- टीटी 2
c- िता नहीं
d- लागू नहीं
13-आयरन फोपलक एपसड की दिा पमला था
a- हािं
b- नहीं
c- लागू नहीं
14- आि जननी सुरक्षा योजना के बारे में कु छ जानते हो
a- हािं
b- नहीं
c- िता नहीं
15- प्रसि के बाद िैसा पमला था
a- हािं
b- नहीं
c- लागू नहीं
16- पकतना धन पमला था
a- 1000
b- 1400
c- लागू नहीं
17- आि सबला सलोनी योजना के बारे में कु छ जानते हो
a- हािं
b- नहीं
c- िता नहीं 4/12
10. 18- क्या आिके बच्चे का सर्ी टीकाकरण हुआ है
a-हािं
b-नहीं
c-िता नहीं
19- आि स्िच्छता सपमपत योजना के बारे में कु छ जानते हो
a-हािं
b-नहीं
c-िता नहीं
20- आि स्तनिान के प्रकार जानते हो
a-हािं
b-नहीं
c-िता नही
21- आि पकतने बच्चे को सुखी िररिार के पलए ियााप्त समझते हो
a- 2
b- 4
c- 6
d-
LITERATURE REVIEW –
People of Rural and Urban areas think that the government policies needs to be much more
effective to serve a valuable role in developing an organization and enhancing a organization’s
merciless position ability according to research survey analysis.
5/12
11. Strengthen capacity for district planning and decentralized governance in health by more
responsive resource allocation strategies, and better capacities for district level planning and
management and Build up the capacity at the district level for providing advanced secondary and
tertiary care services in all basic specialists, in acting as a training and education center for
paramedical, nurses and mid-level care providers, and for purposes of planning and knowledge
management are some major topic for consideration.
Research has also found an impact of these policies which helps the people to reposition the
organizations and its relatively changing policies very effectively. The impact of these policies
has also been found to generate a positive impact on the economic return of the country and it
also help to generate the awareness among all of them.
The review of literature suggests that the government policies and its related awareness have
impact on the Rural and Urban people behaviors.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS –
The serious issue which create clash between the Objective of NRHM Goal is lack of education
or Illiteracy and Lack of Community ownership. Following is the result shown in the Pie Chart
to exaggerate the same.
1- आिको शादी की औसत उम्र िता है
Majority of respondents (35%) were of opinion that they think the
appropriate age of marriage is 16 years. Other 20% thinks that 21 years is average age and the
remaining 45 % people think that 18 years is the proper age for a girl to get married.
6/12
Sales
18
21
16
12. 2 - क्या आि मातृत्ि की औसत उम्र जानते हो
Majority of people 45 % do not know the average age to become mother, 30% admitted that
they know but unfortunately they cannot give correct answer and the remaining 25% were
right and they know the average age to be pregnant.
3- प्रसि कहााँ हुआ था
Majority of respondents 75 % admit that they have institutional Delivery, 20 % in Home
and remaining 5 % others.
4- गर्ाािस्था के दौरान प्रपतरक्षण हुआ
Majority of respondents 65% agree that they go through all the immunization through
pregnancy, 10% not get proper care and the remaining 25% is not applicable question.
7/12
Sales
Yes
No 30
Don't
Knw 45
Sales
Hospital
Home
Other
Sales
Yes
No
Not
Applicable
13. 5- प्रपतरक्षण टीका नाम क्या है
Majority of respondents 39% TT 1st
, 25% TT 2nd
, 20% Don’t Know and 16% not applicable.
6- आयरन फोपलक एपसड की दिा पमला था
Majority of respondent (75%) agree that they got the Iron doses from the hospitals
during their pregnancy, 20% admit that they do not get and the remaining 5% where
not applicable for this question.
7- आि जननी सुरक्षा योजना के बारे में कु छ जानते हो
Majority of respondents (65%)
admit that they know about the JSY, other 25% agree that they do not have any
knowledge about the same and the remaining do not know it particularly.
8/12
Sales
TT 1st
TT 2nd
Dnt Knw
Sales
Yes
No
Not applicable
Sales
Yes
No
Don't Know
14. 8- प्रसि के बाद िैसा पमला था
Majority of respondent (79%) agree that they
receive the amount of money from the hospitals, rest 13% admit that they do not get
any money and the remaining 8% were not eligible to answer this question.
9- पकतना धन पमला था
Majority of respondent 45% get 1400 as they
belong to rural area, 35% get 1000 as those women belongs to urban area and remaining 20%
were not eligible for this question.
10- आि सबला सलोनी योजना के बारे में कु छ जानते हो
Majority of people 69% know about
SSY, 23% do not know about this policy and the remaining 8 have no
knowledge about this as they are not totally aware.
9/12
Sales
Yes
No
Not
applicable
Sales
1400
1000
Sales
Yes
No
Don't know
15. 11- क्या आिके बच्चे का सर्ी टीकाकरण हुआ है
55% agree that their child is fully immunized,30%
were not able to do so and the remaining were not eligible to answer this question.
12- आि स्िच्छता सपमपत योजना के बारे में कु छ जानते हो
Majority of respondents 52% agree that they know
about SSY but the remaining 48% were not fully aware about the same.
13- आि स्तनिान के प्रकार जानते हो
Majority of respondents 59% do not know the types of breast
Feeding and the remaining 41 % know about the two types of feeding.
10/12
Sales
Yes
No
Not
applicable
Sales
Yes
No
Sales
Yes
No
16. 14- आि पकतने बच्चे को सुखी िररिार के पलए ियााप्त समझते हो
Majority of people 49% admit that in their opinion 4 child
can be the average number for the happy family,33% admit 2 child and the remaining 18%
mark 6 child for the same.
This survey lead to an inevitable result, as it show the ratio of unaware people in Rural and
Urban areas and give a rough ratio about how much does the policies being implemented in
the high risk areas.
CONCLUSION –
As per the NRHM goal, they focus on the issue of Healthy Mother and Healthy Child. So, the
journey of a Healthy Mother starts from the Adolescence age where it is very much necessary to
have proper Health and Hygiene knowledge and in the series proper Nutritious meal related
information etc. But, I acknowledge that they are not fully aware about the situations related with
their Health and Care. So, they need to be fully sensitized and mobilize by the government. I
concluded that to attach community emotionally and mentally, the system of Road Show (Nukad
Natak) can work extremely well. As, people get aware and sensitized through Entertainment. I
also analyze that for much better result simultaneously Community Ownership is also very much
important, as if they are willing to have the services even then they could be properly sensitized
and mobilized. And for this particular process, if a Community Influencer support the program
then it can lead to better community ownership.
11/12
Sales
2
4
6
17. Through the research I analyze that the serious issue which create clash between the objective of
NRHM goal is lack of education or illiteracy and Lack of Community ownership. It is also very
much important for the organization to do such programs like Nukad Natak, according to the
community which can affect the masses emotionally. NRHM employees must also get proper
Training & Orientation, as it is also very much necessary for the technical staff to do follow up
of Vaccination through Four key messages as per the NRHM Guideline, with this method
Parents could know about the vaccines and related reactions.
REFRENCES / BIBLIOGRAPHY –
NRHM Eleventh Five year plan from the official site, nrhm.gov.in
12/12