For more course tutorials visit www.newtonhelp.com For any Change in Questions Just Contact us, I will Take care of your Exam Question 1. What term is used to describe a hernial protrusion of a saclike cyst that contains meninges, spinal fluid, and a portion of the spinal cord through a defect in a posterior arch of a vertebra?

1. NR 507 Final Exam (100% Correct)
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Exam
Question 1. What term is used to describe a hernial protrusion of a
saclike cyst that contains meninges, spinal fluid, and a portion of the
spinal cord through a defect in a posterior arch of a vertebra?
Question 2. What provides the best estimate of the
functioning of renal tissue?
Question 3. Where are Langerhans cells found?
Question 4. Where in the lung does gas exchange occur?
Question 5. The tonic neck reflex observed in a newborn
should no longer be obtainable by:
Question 6. When renin is released, it is capable of which
action?
Question 7. The portion of the antigen that is configured
for recognition and binding is referred to as what type of determinant?
Question 8. Which sexually transmitted infection
frequently coexists with gonorrhea?

2. Question 9. How is the effectiveness of vitamin B12
therapy measured?
Question 10. Carcinoma refers to abnormal cell proliferation
originating from which tissue origin?
Question 11. Which type of microorganism reproduces on
the skin?
Question 12. An infant has a crescendo-decrescendo systolic
ejection murmur located between the second and third intercostal
spaces along the left sternal border. A wide fixed splitting of the
second heart sound is also found. These clinical findings are
consistent with which congenital heart defect?
Question 13. An infant diagnosed with a small patent ductus
arteriosus (PDA) would likely exhibit which symptom?
Question 14. What is the function of erythrocytes?
Question 15. Which terms represent the correct
nomenclature for benign and malignant tumors of adipose tissue,
respectively?
Question 16. What is the chance with each pregnancy that a
child born to two parents with the sickle trait will have sickle cell
disease (SCD)?
Question 17. What pulmonary defense mechanism propels a
mucous blanket that entraps particles moving toward the oropharynx?
Question 18. The concentration of the final urine is
determined by antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which is secreted by
which gland?
Question 19. Why is the herpes virus inaccessible to
antibodies after the initial infection?

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NR 507 Week 1 Discussions Altered Immune System and
Altered Inflammatory Response
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Week 1: Altered Immune System and Altered Inflammatory Response
Part One
This week’s graded topics relate to the following Course Outcomes
(COs).
1 Analyze pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with selected
disease states. (PO 1)
2 Differentiate the epidemiology, etiology, developmental
considerations, pathogenesis, and clinical and laboratory
manifestations of specific disease processes. (PO 1)

4. 3 Examine the way in which homeostatic, adaptive, and compensatory
physiological mechanisms can be supported and/or altered through
specific therapeutic interventions. (PO 1, 7)
4 Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO
1)
5 Describe outcomes of disruptive or alterations in specific
physiologic processes. (PO 1)
6 Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO
1)
7 Explore age-specific and developmental alterations in physiologic
and disease states. (PO 1, 4)
Discussion Part One (graded)
John is a 19-year-old college football player who presents with
sneezing, itchy eyes, and nasal congestion that worsens at night. He
states that he has a history of asthma, eczema and allergies to pollen.
There is also one other person on the football team that has similar
symptoms. His vitals are BP 110/70, P 84, R 18, T 100 F. Write a
differential of at least five (5) possible items from the most likely to
less likely. For each disease include information about the
epidemiology, pathophysiology and briefly argue why this disease fits

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NR 507 Week 2 Discussions Respiratory Disorders and
Alterations in Acid/Base Balance,Fluid and Electrolytes
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Week 2: Respiratory Disorders and Alterations in Acid/Base Balance,
Fluid and Electrolytes – Discussion Part One
This week’s graded topics relate to the following Course Outcomes
(COs).
Analyze pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with selected
disease states. (PO 1)
Differentiate the epidemiology, etiology, developmental
considerations, pathogenesis, and clinical and laboratory
manifestations of specific disease processes. (PO 1)

6. Examine the way in which homeostatic, adaptive, and compensatory
physiological mechanisms can be supported and/or altered through
specific therapeutic interventions. (PO 1, 7)
Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO1)
Describe outcomes of disruptive or alterations in specific physiologic
processes. (PO 1)
Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO1)
Explore age-specific and developmental alterations in physiologic and
disease states. (PO 1, 4)
Discussion Part One (graded)
A five-month-old Caucasian female is brought into the clinic as the
parent complain that she has been having ongoing foul-smelling ,
greasy diarrhea. She seems to be small for her age and a bit sickly but,
her parent’s state that she has a huge appetite. Upon examination you
find that the patient is wheezing and you observe her coughing.
Write a differential diagnosis of at least five (5) disorders and explain
why each might be a possibility and any potential weaknesses of each
differential.

7. ===============================================
NR 507 Week 3 Discussions Cardiovascular, Cellular, and
Hematologic Disorders
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Week 3: Cardiovascular, Cellular, and Hematologic Disorders
Discussion Part One
This week’s graded topics relate to the following Course Outcomes
(COs).
1 Analyze pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with selected
disease states. (PO 1)
2 Differentiate the epidemiology, etiology, developmental
considerations, pathogenesis, and clinical and laboratory
manifestations of specific disease processes. (PO 1)

8. 3 Examine the way in which homeostatic, adaptive, and compensatory
physiological mechanisms can be supported and/or altered through
specific therapeutic interventions. (PO 1, 7)
4 Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO
1)
5 Describe outcomes of disruptive or alterations in specific
physiologic processes. (PO 1)
6 Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO
1)
7 Explore age-specific and developmental alterations in physiologic
and disease states
A 17-year-old African American from the inner city complains of
severe chest and abdominal pain. Upon examination the attending
physician performs and EKG, chest x-ray, and an abdominal and
chest clinical examination and finds nothing. Assuming, she is drug
seeking he sends her home. She comes back to the ER 4 hours later
and now you see the patient. She explains that she was running track
this past afternoon at school and that despite being very hot (100 F)
she pushed on. Afterwards, she starts feeling extensive pain in her
chest and abdomen. She has jaundiced eyes, her blood pressure is
98/50, pulse is 112, T = 99.9 F, R = 28. The pain seems out of
proportion to the physical findings.

9. What is your list of differential diagnoses in this case and explain how
each of these fits with the case patient as described above. Be sure to
list at least four (4) pertinent differential diagnoses. Indicate which of
these you would select as the most likely diagnosis and explain why.
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NR 507 Week 3 Quiz
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Quiz
Question 1.1. A 72-year-old woman with a recent onset of syncopal
episodes has been referred to a cardiology group by her family
physician. As part of the patient’s diagnostic workup, the nurse
practitioner conducting the intake assessment has ordered a Holter
monitor for 24 hours. Which of the following statements best captures
an aspect of Holter monitoring? (Points : 0.4)
A Holter monitor is preferable to standard ECG due to its increased
sensitivity to cardiac electrical activity.

10. The primary goal is to allow the cardiologist to accurately diagnose
cardiomyopathies.
Accurate interpretation of the results requires correlating the findings
with the activity that the woman was doing at the time of recording.
Holter monitors are normally set to record electrical activity of the
heart at least once per hour.
Question 2.2. As part of the diagnostic workup for a male patient with
a complex history of cardiovascular disease, the care team has
identified the need for a record of the electrical activity of his heart,
insight into the metabolism of his myocardium, and physical
measurements, and imaging of his heart. Which of the following
series of tests is most likely to provide the needed data for his
diagnosis and care? (Points : 0.4)
Echocardiogram, PET scan, ECG
Ambulatory ECG, cardiac MRI, echocardiogram
Serum creatinine levels, chest auscultation, myocardial perfusion
scintigraphy
Cardiac catheterization, cardiac CT, exercise stress testing
Question 3.3. An 81-year-old female patient of a long-term care
facility has a history of congestive heart failure. The nurse practitioner
caring for the patient has positioned her sitting up at an angle in bed
and is observing her jugular venous distention. Why is jugular venous
distention a useful indicator for the assessment of the patient’s
condition? (Points : 0.4)

11. Increased cardiac demand causes engorgement of systemic blood
vessels, of which the jugular vein is one of the largest.
Blood backs up into the jugular vein because there are no valves at the
point of entry into the heart.
Peripheral dilation is associated with decreased stroke volume and
ejection fraction.
Heart valves are not capable of preventing backflow in cases of atrial
congestion.
Question 4.4. A physical assessment of a 28-year-old female patient
indicates that her blood pressure in her legs is lower than that in her
arms and that her brachial pulse is weaker in her left arm than in her
right. In addition, her femoral pulses are weak bilaterally. Which of
the following possibilities would her care provider be most likely to
suspect? (Points : 0.4)
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NR 507 Week 4 Discussions Alterations in Renal Function
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Week 4: Alterations in Renal Function

12. Discussion Part One
This week’s graded topics relate to the following Course Outcomes
(COs).
1 Analyze pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with selected
disease states. (PO 1)
2 Differentiate the epidemiology, etiology, developmental
considerations, pathogenesis, and clinical and laboratory
manifestations of specific disease processes. (PO 1)
3 Examine the way in which homeostatic, adaptive, and compensatory
physiological mechanisms can be supported and/or altered through
specific therapeutic interventions. (PO 1, 7)
4 Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO
1)
5 Describe outcomes of disruptive or alterations in specific
physiologic processes. (PO 1)
6 Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO
1)

13. ===============================================
NR 507 Week 5 Discussions Alterations in Endocrine
Function
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Week 5: Alterations in Endocrine Function
Discussion Part One
This week’s graded topics relate to the following Course Outcomes
(COs).
1 Analyze pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with selected
disease states. (PO 1)
2 Differentiate the epidemiology, etiology, developmental
considerations, pathogenesis, and clinical and laboratory
manifestations of specific disease processes. (PO 1)

14. 3 Examine the way in which homeostatic, adaptive, and compensatory
physiological mechanisms can be supported and/or altered through
specific therapeutic interventions. (PO 1, 7)
4 Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO
1)
5 Describe outcomes of disruptive or alterations in specific
physiologic processes. (PO 1)
6 Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO
1)
7 Explore age-specific and developmental alterations in physiologic
and disease states. (PO 1, 4)
Ms. Blake is an older adult with diabetes and has been too ill to get
out of bed for 2 days. She has had a severe cough and has been unable
to eat or drink during this time. She has a history of Type I diabetes.
On admission her laboratory values show:
Sodium (Na+) 156 mEq/L
Potassium (K+) 4.0 mEq/L

15. Chloride (Cl–) 115 mEq/L
Arterial blood gases (ABGs) pH- 7.30; Pco2-40; Po2-70; HCO3-20
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NR 507 Week 6 Discussions Dermatologic and
Musculoskeletal Disorders
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Week 6: Dermatologic and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Discussion Part One
This week’s graded topics relate to the following Course Outcomes
(COs).
1 Analyze pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with selected
disease states. (PO 1)

16. 2 Differentiate the epidemiology, etiology, developmental
considerations, pathogenesis, and clinical and laboratory
manifestations of specific disease processes. (PO 1)
3 Examine the way in which homeostatic, adaptive, and compensatory
physiological mechanisms can be supported and/or altered through
specific therapeutic interventions. (PO 1, 7)
4 Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO
1)
5 Describe outcomes of disruptive or alterations in specific
physiologic processes. (PO 1)
6 Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO
1)
7 Explore age-specific and developmental alterations in physiologic
and disease states
You are contacted by an attorney representing a client who has been
charged with child abuse and whom faces loss of her child and 15
years in prison. The record indicated that the child was 4 years old
and presented to the ER room with a broken arm and a broken leg
There also appeared to be multiple previous fractures. Now, you

17. examine the child and find blue sclera, a sunken chest wall, severe
scoliosis, and you observe a triangular face and prominent forehead.
You confirm that there have been multiple previous fractures by
evaluating the previous X-rays. This is a genetic disorder.
• What is the most likely genetic disease that this presents and why?
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NR 507 Week 7 Discussions Behavioral, Neurologic, and
Digestive Disorders
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Week 7: Behavioral, Neurologic, and Digestive Disorders
Discussion Part One
This week’s graded topics relate to the following Course Outcomes
(COs).

18. 1 Analyze pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with selected
disease states. (PO 1)
2 Differentiate the epidemiology, etiology, developmental
considerations, pathogenesis, and clinical and laboratory
manifestations of specific disease processes. (PO 1)
3 Examine the way in which homeostatic, adaptive, and compensatory
physiological mechanisms can be supported and/or altered through
specific therapeutic interventions. (PO 1, 7)
4 Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease states. (PO
1)
5 Describe outcomes of disruptive or alterations in specific
physiologic processes. (PO 1)
your differential what is the epidemiology of that disorder?
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NR 507 Week 8 Discussions Genomes, Genetic Alterations,
and Reproductive Disorders Reflection
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Week 8: Genomes, Genetic Alterations, and Reproductive Disorders
Reflection
Reflect on personal and professional growth toward achieving
competence as a family nurse practitioner. (PO 5, 10)
Reflect back over the past eight weeks and describe how the
achievement of the course outcomes in this course have prepared you
to meet the MSN program outcome #, MSN Essential VIII, and Nurse
Practitioner Core Competencies # 1 Scientific Foundation
Competencies
Program Outcome #4: Evaluate the design, implementation, and
outcomes of strategies developed to meet healthcare needs (MSN
Essentials III, IV, VIII). MSN Essential VIII: Clinical Prevention and
Population Health for Improving Health
•Recognizes that the master’s-prepared nurse applies and integrates
broad, organizational, client-centered, and culturally appropriate
concepts in the planning, delivery, management, and evaluation of
evidence-based clinical prevention and population care and services
to individuals, families, and aggregates/identified populations.

20. Nurse Practitioner Core Competencies # 1 Scientific Foundation
Competencies
1. Critically analyzes data and evidence for improving advanced
nursing practice.
2. Integrates knowledge from the humanities and sciences within the
context of nursing science.
3. Translates research and other forms of knowledge to improve
practice processes and outcomes.
4. Develops new practice approaches based on the integration of
research, theory, and practice knowledge.
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