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Notre dame du haut ( ronchamp chapel)
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Notre dame du haut ( ronchamp chapel)
1.
N o t r eD a med uH a u t ( R o n c h a mpc h a p e l ) i s R o ma n Ca t h o l i cc h a p e l R o n c h a mp , H a u t e - S a ô n e , F r a n c e . I t r e b u i l t a f t e r t h ec h a p e l wa s c o mp l e t e l yd e s t r o y e dd u r i n gWo r l dWa r I I . T h ei d e awa s t ob u i l da ne n c l o s u r ei nwh i c ht h ema t e r i a l i s p r e s e n t e di na l l i t s p u r i t y&s p r i t u a l q u a l i t yo f l i g h t . L eCo r b u s i e r u s ec o n c r e t ef o r e n s u r ema t a r i a l p u r i t y. t h ec h a p e l i s b u i l t 1 9 5 5 . T h e c h a p e l t h a t s i t s o nt o po f t h eh i l l , c a p t u r i n gl i g h t f r o m a l l t h eh o r i z o n s , c h a p e l t h a t s i t s o nt o po f t h eh i l l , c a p t u r i n gl i g h t f r o m a l l t h eh o r i z o n s , b u t f i l t e r i n gi t t oc r e a t ear e ma r k a b l ee x p e r i e n c ef r o m
i n d o o r s p a c e s T h ec h a p e l wa s ac a t h o l i cp i l g r i ma g ec e n t e r . T h ec h u r c h i s s i mp l e —a no b l o n gn a v e , t wos i d ee n t r a n c e s , a na x i a l ma i na l t a r , a n dt h r e ec h a p e l s b e n e a t ht o we r s —a s i s i t s s t r u c t u r e , wi t hr o u g hma s o n r ywa l l s f a c e dwi t h wh i t e wa s h e dGu n i t e( s p r a y e dc o n c r e t e ) a n dar o o f o f c o n t r a s t i n gb e t o nb r u t ( r a w c o n c r e t e) . A p p r o a c hr o u t e o f t h ec h a p e l i s f r o m t h eS o u t h e a s t . N o r t ha n dWe s t wa l l s a r ec o n c a v e da n dc l o s e d , t h eS o u t ha n dE a s t b e n di nt o a d mi t l i g h t . Wa l l s ma d eo f o f r e i n f o r c e dc o n c r e t e c o l u mn s . T h es h e l l r e s t s o nt h e s ec o l u mn s , b u t wi l l n o t t o u c ht h ewa l l , s ot h e r ei s ag a pb e t wwe nr o o f a n dwa l l i t c r e a t e s al i g h t we i g h t f l o a t i n gr o o f a mb i a n c e . L e Co r b u s i e r d e c i d e dt oma k et h ewi n d o ws o f t h ewa l l e x t r a o r d i n a r yo ns o u t hwa l l . T h eo p e n i n g s s l a n t t o wa r d s t h e i r c e n t e r s a t v a r y i n gd e g r e e s , t h u s l e t t i n gi nl i g h t a t d i f f e r e n t a n g l e s . D i f f e r e n t - s i z e dwi n d o ws a r es c a t t e r e di n a ni r r e g u l a r p a t t e r na c r o s s t h ewa l l .
2.
T h ec h a p e l i s mo d e s t , wi t hp l a i np e ws d o wni ns o u t hs i d eo n l y . T h ewa l l s c u r v e , t h er o o f c u r v e s , a n de v e nt h ef l o o r c u r v e s d o wnt o wa r d s t h ea l t a r , f o l l o wi n g t h es h a p eo f t h eh i l l . T h ev i s i t o r c a n n o t g e t ag o o dl o o ka t t h ec h a p e l a s h e a p p r o a c h e s a t t h es o u t hf a c a d e . D i f f e r e n t - s i z e dwi n d o ws a r e s c a t t e r e di na ni r r e g u l a r p a t t e r na c r o s s t h ewa l l f o r p l a y f u l c h a r a c t e r o f t h el i g h t i n s i d e . T h en o r t hf a c a d ec o n s i s t s o f t wof u n c t i o n a l s p a c e s a n dt wos i d e c h a p e l s wh i c hc a nb el o c a t e di n s i d et h et wos ma l l e r t o we r s . T h e t o we r s a r e l o c a t e df a c i n gwe s t a n de a s t ; t h ee a s t c a p t u r i n gt h e mo r n i n gl i g h t a n dt h ewe s t c a p t u r i n gt h es u n s e t l i g h t . T h ewe s t f a c a d ei s t h eo n l ywa l l p r e s e n t a t t h ec h a p e l wi t hn o o p e n i n g s . S o , t h ef a c a d eg o t t r e a t e da c o r d i n gt ot h ef u n c t i o n a l n e e d s o f s p a c e . S o u t hwa l l l i g h t t o we r o v e r s ma l l c h a p e l s T h ee a s t f a c a d eh a s ao u t wa r d s r e l a t i o nwi t hs i t eo u t d o o r c h a p e l i s d e s i g n e de x a c t l yt h es a mea s t h ei n t e r i o r . T h ef a c a d ea n d a l t a r a r emi r r o r e dt ot h eo u t s i d et os e r v e1 0 0 0 0p i l g r i ms t oe x t e n d t h ec a p a c i t y .
3.
I nR o n c h a mpc h a p e l as t a n d a r d i z e du s e o f “F o r m F o l l o ws F u n c t i o n”h a v eb e e n s e e n . T h ev o l u meo f t h ec h a p e l h a s a d i s t i n g u i s hc h a r a c t e r o n l yb e c a u s eo f p l a c ema k i n g . S c a l eo f t h ema s s i n gi s d i f f e r e n t f r o m a l t e r t os ma l l c h a p e l . b e c a u s eo f t h i s v a r i a t i o nt h ef o r m
g e t mo d a r a t ea c c o r d i n gi n d o o r s p a c e . A l l t h ef a c a d e s a r et h er e s u l t o f a r c h i t e c t f u n c t i o n a l r e q u i r e me n t o f ar e ma r k a b l e c h r u c hd e s i g n . I t i s c o u n t a s t h eL eCo r b u s i e r o n eo f t h e mo s t n o t a b l ywo r kb e a c u s eo f t h e f o r ma t i o no f t h eb u i l d i n g .
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