No format or word count requirementAlgebra Review Please res.docx

No format or word count requirement
"Algebra Review" Please respond to the following:
· Imagine you are tutoring a classmate in the four algebraic
processes. Define each process and provide an example of each.
· FOIL is used to multiply binomials and factor trinomials.
Provide an example of using the FOIL (first, outer, inner, last)
method to multiply binomials and factor trinomials. Explain the
relationship between simplifying expressions with parentheses
and factoring.
IFSM 310 HW-SW Spring 2014Projects and Written Papers
Contents
General Paper and Writing Requirements1
Option 1 - Product Survey Project5
Option 2 - Paper on Computer Architecture6
Small System Design Project11
General Paper and Writing Requirements
This applies to all projects and papers except where noted.
File Names
The files submitted should be named as follows: Your name,
project ID or project title. For example: "Schank,
DraftPlan.docx" or "Karl Schank, Draft Small System Design
Project.doc".
All assignments are to be submitted in each student's
Assignments Folder.
Format

Format is APA style, which means and includes the following:
· Use Microsoft Word. If you do not have Microsoft Word,
"Save As" a word document in Word .doc or .docx format.
· Use Page Setup to configure it.
· Use 1" margins top, bottom, left and right sides.
· Use Times New Roman size 12; or Arial, or Verdana size 10.
· Line spacing should be no more than double-spaced.
· Use appropriate paragraph and section headings and
subheadings. Headings and subheadings should be placed at the
left margin.
· The first word of each new paragraph should be indented.
· For documents that are longer than one page, number each
page in the bottom right corner. The title page should never be
numbered.
· Size limit: A page limit and number of words are specified in
the instructions for each project or paper. The limit refers to
the body of the paper excluding the "front matter" (title page,
table of contents, executive summary) and "back matter"
(reference bibliography of works cited). The body of the paper
should be neither shorter than the lower limits not longer than
the upper limits. Filibustering will get you nowhere.
Title Page
Use an un-numbered title page as the first page of the
document. Use whatever font, color, and type size you prefer,
and add optional graphics if you wish, as long as it is
professional looking. In the center of the page, double spaced,
put:
· Your name
· The name of the project itself (e.g., "Computer Architecture
Paper" or "Small System Design DRAFT")
· IFSM 310-6380: Hardware/Software Infrastructure
Architecture
· Your title for the paper, if you choose to title it (e.g., "The
Architecture of the ENIAC")

· The date
· You may add optional clip art or graphics if desired. It is not
required and will not earn any additional points.
Nothing else needs to be added to the title page. Remember, the
title page is not a separate document. It is the first
(unnumbered) page of your document and does not count in the
page size requirements.
Front Matter
For Draft papers, a table of contents and executive summary are
optional.
Final papers should include a MS Word-generated table of
contents; the kind that has hyperlinks to click on to get to the
corresponding sections of the document. (If you need
assistance in doing this, use MS Word's Help; instructions are
also available in Course Content under "Supplemental
Materials" or at Creating "Automatic" Clickable Tables of
Contents in MS Word.)
Final papers should also include a 1/2- to 1-page Executive
Summary that summarizes the purpose, approach, and
conclusion of the document. (Again, if you need assistance, see
Course Content "Supplemental Materials" or Tips on Executive
Summaries and The secrets of writing a truly useful executive
summary.)
Writing Quality
Unless otherwise noted, the written papers will be graded in
part (≈≈30%) on format, style, and writing quality. The
remainder (≈≈70%) will be based on substance, content,
accuracy, and correctness.
Writing quality includes considerations such as (but not limited
to) the following:
· Grammar, Verb Tenses, Pronoun Use, Spelling, Punctuation,
and Writing Competency.

· Spelling. Remember to spell-check, and then to proofread.
Better yet, have a friend or colleague read it before submitting
it. Read it out loud to yourself. It’s amazing how many
mistakes we find when we read out loud. This is because we are
forced to slow down and LOOK at the words.
· In a professional paper one does not use contractions
("doesn't", "don't", etc.) and one does not use the personal
pronouns "you" or "your". Although there may be some
exceptions, it is preferable to not use the first person ("I", "me",
"my", etc.).
· Use the impersonal as I have in the previous sentence. It is
more business-like than saying, "Also in a professional paper
you don't use contractions."
· In a professional or academic paper in the US, companies and
organizations should be referred to as “it” not “they.” (It's true
that this is done differently in Britain, but we are an American
university.)
· Use references -- in APA format – (in text citations and
Reference pages) even if you have all the information in your
head. References add credibility to your work, provide sources
for the reader to find more information and lend academic
credence. References show the professor that members of the
team did above and beyond what was required in order to
produce a high quality deliverable.
References
Use the APA format for references and citations. Use a
Reference List page as a bibliography or list of works cited
when using references, as the last page of the document.
Remember that the Reference page ONLY includes sources that
you used in the text. APA format does NOT use a
“bibliography”; only a Reference Page. If you are unsure of
format, please review the APA tutorial in the Course Content
area of our WebTycho classroom, or go through the UMUC ILS
library website for other help and assistance, or contact the

Effective Writing Center.
Your sources should be either scholarly or industrial. That is,
they should come from scholarly papers found in ILS's research
databases, from Google Scholar, from libraries, etc. Or, if
referring to commercial products, they may be references to the
company's Web site, white papers, user manuals, brochures, and
similar materials. Wikipedia and other encyclopedias should
not be used as a reference source (see below).
References and in-line citations go together. Neither is
complete without the other. Your paper must also include in-
line citations to the references in the "back matter" page. There
should not be an in-line citation without a corresponding source
in the reference page, and there should not be a source in the
reference page that is not used or cited in-line in the body of the
paper. For instructions, see the APA tutorial and other
materials mentioned above.
Other Requirements
Original work. All papers must be your original work, in your
own words, and written for this class. Do not simply copy/paste
information from the Web or textbook. Such submissions will
not be accepted for credit. Research projects should be original
work for IFSM 310; therefore, you may not re-use of a paper
written you’ve written for a different class.
TurnItIn Requirement
In accordance with the policy in the Syllabus, students must
submit all final papers (ArchPaper and FinDesn) to
http://turnitin.com/ and must attach the TurnItIn "Originality
Report" to the submission in the Assignments Folder along with
the paper itself. Draft papers and topic selection (DraftPlan and
ArchTopic) need not be run through TurnItIn. The Class ID to
use is ___ and the submission password is ___. Register for
TurnItIn use at http://turnitin.com/ where you can also see
TurnItIn's instructions on paper submission. Please use your
correct name and use the correct assignment item in TurnItIn.

Note: The correct TurnItIn report to submit is the Originality
Report, not the Digital Receipt.
Wikipedia. Wikipedia is useful for background, but it is not a
scholarly source and may not be used in your references.
Sometimes, Wikipedia can point you in the right direction and
can suggest other sources that can be obtained in ILS's research
databases, such as scholarly papers, or can point you to
manufacturers' explanatory materials. However, Wikipedia
articles and other encyclopedia articles should not be used as a
reference source.
Templates, etc. Use of outlines, examples, and templates that
you may find (including those in textbooks) is acceptable for
the structure and outline of some assignments. However, the
substance of all assignments must be your own original work
and must include proper quotation, citation, attribution, and
bibliography of sources and works used.
Option 1 - Product Survey Project
Important Note: Your instructor may choose to assign either
the product survey project or a paper on computer architecture.
Both are described below. You will be assigned only one. Note
that this the instructor's option, not the student's option.
Product Survey is due Sunday, ___ (2359 hours Eastern Time)
Post your submission into your Assignments Folder and I'll
provide my feedback there.
You will use the theoretical studies of computer hardware and
software and apply them to a study of real-world IT products.
Using descriptions of computer hardware and software
components from course lessons and the textbook, you are to
write a 700 to 1000 word (no more than 1.5 line spacing and no
more than 12 point type) summary of the hardware and software
products that would be required for a small system for either a
financial investment or architectural firm (your choice). You
have a budget of $6,000. Be sure to include any specialized
software in addition to the OS, and address connectivity,

storage, and hardware component required. You will
a. discuss why you have chosen each component
b. list what the vendor indicates as benefits of the products
c. list how much the products cost
d. compare the major hardware and software selections to at
least two other manufacturers' products
e. include security for the system, and
f. include references for your costs to document how you stayed
within your budget.
You are encouraged to use the Web to research and select the
component products and contact the vendor directly with any
questions.
Grading:This activity is awarded 10 points towards the total
grade in the course.
Attributes
Value
Description and justification of software requirements
2 points
Description and justification of hardware requirements
2 points
Vendor source information (benefit and cost)
2 points
Comparison between vendors
2 points
Readability, Style, Mechanics
2 points
Option 2 - Paper on Computer Architecture
Important Note: Your instructor may choose to assign either
the product survey project or a paper on computer architecture.
Both are described below. You will be assigned only one. Note
that this the instructor's option, not the student's option.

(architecture topic selection due Wk 2;
final architecture paper due Wk 4)
Initial topic selection and sources are due Sunday, ___ (Week 2)
Final paper is due Sunday, ___ (Week 4)
The goal of this assignment is to increase your understanding of
the concepts of computer infrastructure architecture.
You will use the theoretical studies of computer hardware and
software and apply them to a study of real-world systems and
technologies. After using library and Internet research, you are
to write a paper discussing and explaining the hardware and
software architecture of the subject system or technology. You
are encouraged to use a Web to research the computer
architectures involved. The paper is not to be based solely or
primarily on the textbook or WebTycho Course Content.
The paper must be your original work, in your own words, and
written for this class. Do not simply copy/paste information
from the Web or textbook. Such submissions will not be
accepted for credit. Research projects should be original work
for IFSM 310; therefore, you may not re-use of a paper written
you’ve written for a different class.
The body of the paper should be no more than 12 point type, not
less than 2 pages or 600 words and not more than 4 pages or 900
words, not including title page, table of contents (if any),
executive summary (if any), and reference bibliography. The
paper will require a title page, 2-4 pages of content with
incorporation of a minimum of 3 external resources from
credible sources, and a Works Cited/Reference page.
The "General Paper and Writing Requirements" for all papers
(above) must be adhered to for this assignment, except as
specifically noted (e.g., table of contents is optional, page
limits are 2-4 pages, etc.).
The specific topic (including the specific computers and models
or the specific technologies to be studied) for the paper must be
submitted and approved in advance as described under "Topic
selection", below. A list of suggested topics from which
students can choose is provided under "Topics for Research

Paper" below:
Topics for Research Paper
1. An in-depth case study of a particular machine or architecture
type. E.g., …
a. A particular supercomputer and its architecture (Stretch,
ILLIAC, Cray, CDC 6600, IBM 360/195, IBM Blue Gene, etc.)
b. Supercomputer concepts (pipelining, vector machines,
massive multiprocessing, etc.). But it's a rather broad topic.
Narrow it down and don't get in over your head.
c. Fault-tolerant architecture concepts
d. A unique or seminal concept or research computer
(MULTICS, Burroughs tagged architecture machines (B5000,
B6500, B1700), Rice tagged architecture, the Rice Research
Computer (R1, R2, etc), the "Symbol" computer, etc.) and its
contribution to computer technology
e. A seminal computer in history (ENIAC, EDVAC, IAS,
Babbage's Difference Engine, Babbage's Analytical Engine,
UNIVAC, Mark I, IBM 360 family, IBM 360/67, etc.) and its
contribution to computer technology
f. How computer components such as ALUs and registers are
designed at the lower levels from components such as flip-flops,
logic gates, switching algebra, electronic circuits, etc., and how
they work
g. Specific special-purpose computers, their architecture, and
how they work (display processors, communication processors,
I/O processors, graphics cards, NICs, etc.)
2. A comparative study of the architecture of 3 or more
computers
3. The history of computer architecture. But it's a very broad
topic. Narrow it down and don't get in over your head.
4. Similar topics that you may propose, which (as with the
above) must be approved in advance by the instructor

Considerations
Some things to consider as you analyze your topic, follow.
(This list is neither required nor sufficient; it is merely
suggestive. Specifics will depend on the specific topic and
approach.)
· What is the specific computer, system, technology, or
architecture?
· What was unique about this computer, architecture, or
technology?
· What was its architecture? What components was it built out
of? How were they structured? How did they work together?
· What were the dynamics? How did the system work, operate,
and do what it did?
· When was it first done? What was/were its dates?
· How did it compare to its contemporaries and its
predecessors? How does it compare to its successors?
· Was it successful in terms of technology? How so? Explain.
· Was it commercially successful? How so? Explain.
· Computer history:
· How did technology and architecture change through history?
· What were the major trends?
· How did costs, capacities, speeds, etc. change?
· Comparative architecture:
· Compare and contrast the architectures and technologies,
head-to-head.
· What is different between them? What is the same?
· How do they work?
· Which is more successful? Why?
· What are the relative costs of each?
If you can, please draw or try to provide a diagram of the
architecture in question. In fact, if you can, please also attempt
to draw a PMS diagram such as the ones I've been using
throughout this course.

Submission and Grading
Topic selection (ArchTopic)
Initial ArchTopic topic selection and sources are due Sunday,
27.Jan.2013 (Week 2) - 1 pt.
Your topic selection should consist of your preferred topic from
the above list, including the specifics of the item. For example,
not "a particular supercomputer" but "ILLIAC IV" or "Cray-1"
or "Cray X-MP" or "Blue Gene", etc; and not "a seminal
computer in history" but "ENIAC" or "EDVAC", etc.
Your topic selection submission should also include at least
three reference sources that you have found that have relevant
material about your selected topic. You should list them in
APA bibliographic format as a Reference page.
When completed, submit your topic selection with sources in
your Assignments Folder. There is no need to post a copy in
the weekly Conference.
The professor will either approve your topic selection if it
appears viable, or if it appears problematic will disapprove it
and send it back to you for re-work and re-submission.
Resubmission must be within 3 days from when it was
disapproved and returned, and must be resubmitted via Tycho
Private Messaging (because WebTycho will have locked the
Assignments Folder).
Final paper (ArchPaper)
The final ArchPaper is due Sunday, 10.Feb.2013 (Week 4) - 5
pts for paper, plus 2 pts supplemental.
When completed, submit your final paper for grading in your
Assignments Folder and post a copy in the Architecture Paper
Conference so that your classmates can read about your selected
architecture topic, and you can read about theirs. Only the
Assignments Folder copy will be graded. Any paper that is
posted only in the Conference and not in the Assignments
Folder will not be graded and will earn a score of zero. Any
paper that is also posted in the Conference will earn a few extra
points for sharing.
Remember that in accordance with the policy in the Syllabus,

students must submit all final papers (including this ArchPaper)
to http://turnitin.com/ and must attach the TurnItIn "Originality
the paper itself. Draft papers and topic selection (ArchTopic)
need not be run through TurnItIn. See "TurnItIn Requirement"
in "General Paper and Writing Requirements" for Class ID and
password.
Remember that the correct TurnItIn report to submit is the
Originality Report, not the Digital Receipt.
Grading rubric
Format, structure, style, and mechanics: approx. ≈30%
Content and substance: approx. ≈70%
Detailed elements of grading rubric:
* Format, structure, style, and mechanics (~≈30%)
≈30%
Title page;
Font and Spacing;
Page length and word count;
Table of contents;
Executive summary;
APA In-text citations;
APA Reference List (bibliography);
Organization and style;
Grammar, correctness, spelling;
Etc.
* Content and substance (≈70%)
(Specifics will depend on the specific topic and approach)
≈70%
What is the specific computer, system, technology, or
architecture?
What was unique about this computer, architecture, or
technology?
What was its architecture? What components was it built out

of? How were they structured? How did they work together?
What were the dynamics? How did the system work, operate,
and do what it did?
When was it first done? What was/were its dates?
How did it compare to its contemporaries and its predecessors?
How does it compare to its successors?
Was it successful in terms of technology? How so? Explain.
Was it commercially successful? How so? Explain.
If Computer history:
How did technology and architecture change through history?
What were the major trends?
How did costs, capacities, speeds, etc. change?
If Comparative architecture:
Compare and contrast the architectures and technologies, head-
to-head.
What is different between them? What is the same?
How do they work?
Which is more successful? Why?
What are the relative costs of each?
Etc.
Score
Each of the above elements will earn …
Criteria
90-100% of the maximum possible for the element, when …
All required elements are present. Content is complete, and
demonstrate mastery of concepts, skills, etc. Performance and
results above and beyond standards and requirements.
All required elements are present. Content demonstrates
competence in concepts, skills, etc. Content is substantially

complete. Performance and results generally exceed most
standards and requirements
Major required elements are present. Content is substantially
complete and demonstrates understanding of concepts, ability in
required skills, etc., with few exceptions and minor
incompleteness. Performance and results meet standards and
requirements
Major required elements are missing. Content is incomplete, or
incorrect or demonstrates lack of understanding of concepts,
lack of ability in required skills, etc. Performance and results do
not meet standards and requirements
(No answer or response at all earns zero points, as does a
response with evidence of plagiarism.)
Small System Design Project
(Draft due Wk 5, Final paper due Wk 7)
Draft Due Sunday, ___ (Week 5)
Final paper Due Sunday, ___ (Week 7)
You will use the information learned throughout the course to
identify and document a full information system for a small
company. You will apply the basic steps of the SDLC to
building the IT infrastructure for an electronic health care data
system for an urgent care facility* for a (mythical) UMUC
Student Health Service clinic by addressing what actions are
taken and what decisions are made in each phase.
Make sure to address key technical issues from this course and
to include and specify key elements and components of a
computer system as covered in this course, including (but not
limited to) the following (in no particular order):
· CPU type, speed, etc
· Memory type, size, speed, etc
· Needed I/O devices

· Networking
· Operating system
· Other required software
· Shared resources
· Data format
· Storage
· Common file format
· Databases and DBMS
· Security*
· Privacy*
· Etc.
The paper should make clear how the functional requirements of
the clinic result in the specific technical design specifications,
above.
The body of the paper should be no more than 12 point type, not
less than 4 pages or 1200 words and not more than 10 pages or
2400 words, not including title page, table of contents,
executive summary, and reference bibliography. The paper will
require a title page, a hot-clickable MS Word generated table of
contents, executive summary, 4-10 pages of content with
incorporation of a minimum of 3 external resources from
credible sources, and a Works Cited/Reference page.
The paper should either detail each step in the SDLC (Systems
Development Life Cycle)or should detail each step in the The
Formal Systems Approach, whichever you determine fits your
paper and approach better. Either way, there should be an
emphasis on the technology outcome and how it flows from the
functional requirements.
Refer to both the document "SDLC Module 2 from IFSM 201"
and other SDLC material in Course Content, and the material on
the "The Formal Systems Approach" in Course Content and the
Webliography or at http://polaris.umuc.edu/~kschank/Formal-
Systems-Approach.htm.
(Remember that there are many variants of the SDLC other than
what is presented in the above module. You may use any
variant of the SDLC that you wish provided that (a) it is logical

and complete (and not pulled out of the air), (b) it is appropriate
for the system you are designing in your paper, (c) you identify
which variant you are using, and (d) you explain it.)
Make sure your paper identifies which approach you will
employ, but clearly articulate the steps used to:
1. Complete a preliminary investigation, requirements analysis,
and system recommendation
2. Specify a detailed design based on your set of requirements.
3. Develop the system according to your design specification.
4. Outline how you would test the system and gain user
acceptance.
In your submission, be sure to include any references used in
APA style (see the tutorial in the COURSE CONTENT menu)
for your source information in a bibliography as well as cite
them within the body of your paper. Be sure to check your
work for spelling and grammatical errors before submission.
Yes, spelling and grammar count. The intent of these topics is
to provide you with an opportunity to hone your writing skills.
The paper must be your original work, in your own words, and
written for this class. Do not simply copy/paste information
from the Web or textbook. Such submissions will not be
accepted for credit. Research projects should be original work
for IFSM 310; therefore, you may not re-use of a paper written
you’ve written for a different class.
All "General Paper and Writing Requirements" for all papers
(above) must be adhered to for this assignment, except as
specifically noted (e.g., table of contents is required, page
limits are 4-10 pages, etc.).
--------------
* (Note that since this is a medical facility, your design should
comply with Congressional regulations. Since 1996, the Health
Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) details
patient privacy and regulations for health care-related
businesses. In addition to HIPAA, there were two acts passed
by Congress in 2009 that specifically garnered support for

migrating to electronic medical records (EMRs). The Health
Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health
(HITECH) Act is specifically geared at providing financial
incentives to health care organizations that migrate towards
EMRs, with the intention of eventually replacing the incentives
with penalties if providers do not institute electronic record
keeping. The second is the American Reinvestment and
Recovery Act (ARRA), which institutes funding for comparative
effectiveness research (CER). Analysis and aggregation of
anonymized patient data in regards to conditions, treatment and
progress can provide an invaluable source of CER to physicians
and healthcare organizations in the treatment of patients.
Therefore, privacy and security requirements should be
addressed. However, computer architecture and system design
are the primary subjects of this course and will be more
important in the grading than the nuances of Federal law,
privacy, and security. It would therefore be a mistake to take so
much time researching and designing for health care privacy
and security laws that your hardware and software infrastructure
suffered as a consequence.)
You may want to incorporate tables of technical specs, as that is
often a more effective way than narrative paragraphs for
presenting them. Also, if you can, please try to draw a diagram
of the system, either of its internal architecture and/or of its
external connectivity, as appropriate.
Submission and Grading
Draft Paper
The Draft is due Sunday, ___ (Week 5)
The requirements for the draft paper are the same as for the
final paper, with the following exceptions. For the draft:
· The table of contents and executive summary are optional.
· (The reference page is required for both draft and final.)
· The page and word count limits are relaxed for the draft. Just
keep it fairly reasonable -- not trivially short and especially not

too long. (For the final paper, the page and word count limit
will be as specified above.)
· There is no requirement for TurnItIn for the draft paper. (The
Final Paper, of course, must be run through TurnItIn and the
originality report must be attached to your submission.)
· As the intent of the draft is to ensure that you are on the right
track and to offer advice on improving the paper before final
submission, the grading for the draft paper will be more lenient
than the grading for the final paper.
· The grading elements, however, will be essentially the same.
Submit both the draft and final papers into your Assignments
Folder.
Final Paper
The final paper is due Sunday, ___ (Week 7)
Submit both the draft and final papers into your Assignments
Folder.
This paper earns 18% of the final course grade. The weight
toward the course grade will be 3% for the draft and 15% for
the final plan.
Remember that in accordance with the policy in the Syllabus,
students must submit all final papers (including this FinDesn) to
http://turnitin.com/ and must attach the TurnItIn "Originality
the paper itself. Draft papers and topic selection (DraftPlan)
need not be run through TurnItIn. See "TurnItIn Requirement"
in "General Paper and Writing Requirements" for ClassID and
password.
Remember that the correct TurnItIn report to submit is the
Originality Report, not the Digital Receipt.
Grading rubric -- 15 points toward course grade for final paper;
5 points for draft
Format, structure, style, and mechanics: approx. ≈30%
Content and substance: approx. ≈70%
Detailed elements of grading rubric:

* Format, structure, style, and mechanics (~≈30%)
≈30%
Title page;
Font and Spacing;
Page length and word count;
Table of contents;
Executive summary;
APA In-text citations;
APA Reference List (bibliography);
Organization and style;
Grammar, correctness, spelling;
Etc.
* Process and Approach (~15%)
≈15%
Concept Investigation, Planning, Requirements Analysis,
Problem Statement;
Business Requirements / Need Connection;
Facts, Assumptions, Constraints;
Systems Analysis, Problem Investigation;
Analysis of Alternatives;
Systems Design;
Construction, Development, Building, Programming;
Verification and Testing;
Etc.
* HW-SW Design Components (~55%)
≈55%
Processor / CPU (w/ specs),
Incl. cache, bus, graphics processor / card, etc.
≈6%
Primary Memory / RAM (w/ specs)

≈3%
Storage,
incl. Secondary storage / disk (with specs); Tertiary / removable
storage / backup storage; virtual memory; etc.
≈4%
Networking,
Incl. Network Interface (NIC or Wireless card);
LAN/router;
Broadband modem & ISP / Internet connection; System
Networking HW (Routers, Gateways, etc);
Network topology;
Network protocols;
Etc.
≈9%
I/O and peripherals
≈6%
Operating System,
Incl. OS Type and Characteristics;
File Management;
Utilities;
Etc.
≈8%
Application Software
≈2%
Security,
Incl. Software (A-V, firewall, etc);
Other security considerations;
Privacy considerations;
Etc.
≈7%
Other,
Incl. Business usage;

Databases and DBMS;
Other Shared Resources;
Data format;
Evidence of Requirements & analysis leading to specified
design;
Etc.
≈9%
Score
Each of the above elements will earn …
Criteria
All required elements are present. Content is complete, and
demonstrate mastery of concepts, skills, etc. Performance and
results above and beyond standards and requirements.
All required elements are present. Content demonstrates
competence in concepts, skills, etc. Content is substantially
complete. Performance and results generally exceed most
standards and requirements
Major required elements are present. Content is substantially
complete and demonstrates understanding of concepts, ability in
required skills, etc., with few exceptions and minor
incompleteness. Performance and results meet standards and
requirements
Major required elements are missing. Content is incomplete, or
incorrect or demonstrates lack of understanding of concepts,
lack of ability in required skills, etc. Performance and results do
not meet standards and requirements
(No answer or response at all earns zero points, as does a
response with evidence of plagiarism.)

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