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縄文時代後期における土器底部形態の地域性
―近畿地方とその周辺―
京都大学文学部 4回生 西原和代
2014.03.22
目次
はじめに―なぜ土器底部なのか?
1.研究史と課題
2.分析
(1)視点
(2)分類
(3)出土資料の分析
3.考察
4.まとめ
研究略史(1)
底部形態による分類と製作技術
・平底と凹底
→各遺跡の報告書で個別に報告、分類
「平底と凹底(糸底)」(泉・松井1989,千葉1989など)
・製作技術の分析と形態の分類
「アバタ状を呈する凹みをもつ凹底」(阿部1994)
断面の観察と製作技術の検討(秋田1990,阿部1994など)
・簡略化した形態分類と底径の測定
「ヘソ状」の凹底(幸泉2009)
図1 底部製作手順の復元模式図(秋田1990より)
底部断面の観察
図2 「中央填め込み技法」の工程模式図(秋田1990)
研究略史(2)
編物と底部圧痕
1887 エドワード・S・モース 編物圧痕の発見
1899 坪井正五郎 編物圧痕研究の最初
1942 杉山寿栄男 土器圧痕の検討→民俗例をもとにして考古学的検討
1964 小林行雄 土器圧痕+出土直接資料
→以降70sまで、編み方の検討・分類がすすむ
1980 植松なおみ 縄文~中世の編み物出土遺跡の集成→素材研究の必要
性を指摘
80s-90s 渡辺誠、名久井文明 素材の検討・民俗例との対比
2000s~ 佐々木由香など 素材の検討(樹種同定などを含め)
野田真弓、柳原梢子 編物とかごの集成
松永篤知 縄文土器底部圧痕の全国的検討
底部圧痕(編物痕、木葉痕)の例
(1)桑飼下遺跡
(2)同左
(3)一乗寺向畑町遺跡 (4)米泉遺跡
OMM-8163350-26208868
図3 今回扱う遺跡の立地
表1 縄文時代後期の土器編年表と今回扱う資料の範囲
図4 底部形態による分類
A1類の例
(1)一乗寺向畑町遺跡 (2)一乗寺向畑町遺跡
(3)佃遺跡 (4)津島岡大遺跡第5次調査
A2類の例
(1)佃遺跡 (2)佃遺跡
図5-2 各遺跡の底部形態比率
北陸―近畿―瀬戸内の分布の違いがみてとれる。
図5-2 各遺跡の底部形態比率
一乗寺向畑町遺跡 底部形態別底径分布
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 141 〜 不明
-1
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
A-1 類
A-2 類
B 類
底径 (mm)
個数
(
個
)
一乗寺向畑町遺跡 底部形態別 統計基礎量
A-1類 A-2類 B類 全体
平均値 68.9 68.5 75.5 71.1
中央値 68 66 74.5 68
最小値 45 36 48 36
最大値 94 120 120 120
標準偏
差
14.3 17.7 19.6 18
※単位は全てmm
図6-1 各遺跡の底部形態比率
一乗寺向畑町遺跡ではB類の底径もピークが小さい。
図6-2 各遺跡の形態別底径分布
佃遺跡では一乗寺、穴太に比べても各形態の底径が小さく、
まとまっている。
図6-3 各遺跡の形態別底径分布
津島岡大遺跡では、佃遺跡よりも底径がまとまっている。
一乗寺向畑町遺跡 圧痕の遺存率と種類
全体
中央地区
南部地区
北部地区
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
74
83%
6
67%
1
33%
67
87%
6
7%
6
8%
3
3%
1
2
3%
4
4%
2
22%
2
67%
圧痕の 有無不明
そ の 他・ 不明
木葉痕
有 編物痕
無
まとめ
・底部形態の比率にはとくに地域的な特徴を残す
・底径は縄文時代後期中葉で、瀬戸内から北陸にか
けての広い地域で小型化する。
・二種類の小型化
(1)規格化...瀬戸内中心
(2)従来のものより小型の底部の出現
...北陸中心
・一乗寺向畑町遺跡は双方の影響を受けつつも、や
や瀬戸内に傾向が似ている
ご清聴ありがとうございました。

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