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NHKロボコンでの
画像処理
@syuntoku14
最近やってること
• CourseraでMachine Learningのオンライン授業を取ってる
• ロボコン用に画像認識(全然機械学習使ってない!!)
ロボコンでの画像認識について
目標:
画像と深度情報からから棒と飛んでるボールを検出する
使っている手法:
・確率的ハフ変換
ノイズに弱い、パラメータ多い、軽め
・LSD(Line Segment Detector)
ノイズに強い、パラメータ少ない、重め
・ハフ変換はノイズに弱い
(下では最大長の直線を描画している)
ハフ変換とは??
・画像上の直線は𝜌 = 𝑥 ∗ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑦 ∗ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃で表せることを利用→ρとθを決めれ
ば直線が描ける
・Aを通る直線は無数にある→例えば右下図の赤線
・多くの曲線が交わる点が一番直線っぽい
・一直線上の点はなんでも候補点になるのでノイズが入りやすい
パラメータで頑張りをすればいける(特定の動画なら)
→汎用性が全然ないのでロボコンでは役に立たない?
LSDとは?
• ハフ変換よりノイズに強い
• パラメータチューニングがほとんどいらない
• 画像中の輝度勾配と方向を計算したもの(Level-line Field)か
ら直線領域候補を計算する
• 短形で近似する→ちょっとずつ短形を大きくする
LSDでの検出
色画像による情報も加える
• 今まではKinectの距離情報だけ使ってた
→ノイズまみれ
• ポールの色は予め分かっている
→HSV色空間に変換して色を抽出
HSV色空間とは?
色相、彩度、明度で表される色空間
色の明るさ、濃さが簡単に調節可能→特定の色(今回は赤色)を抽出
しやすい
HSV色空間に落とし込んで前処理
最終的な
直線検出
今後の課題
• お前ボール検出しとらんやんけ
→オプティカルフローとかで頑張る(予定)
• ボールの座標が分かると深度が分かる
→3D空間に落とし込めそう
• 機械学習も頑張る
参考元
・やさしいハフ(Hough)変換講座 – Qiita
https://qiita.com/YSRKEN/items/ee94c7c22599c2374722
・LSD: a Line Segment Detector
http://www.ipol.im/pub/art/2012/gjmr-lsd/

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NHKロボコンでの画像処理

Editor's Notes

  1. 自動で動くロボットに ボールがポールを通ったか認識させる Kinectを使ってRGB画像と深度情報を取得してる
  2. 無数にある直線のパラメータの組み合わせをプロットすると曲線が得られる 多くの曲線が交わる点が一番直線っぽい 問題点として、いくつ交わればいいのか?離散的な点でも交わってしまう(ノイズが候補点として貢献してしまう)
  3. 例えば画面の範囲を指定したり、直線の途切れる許容範囲を指定したり また、投票数も指定しなければいけない(とてもめんどくさい)
  4. 勾配が激しいラインをLevel-Lineとよぶ(論文では) 多分勾配がないところはLevelLineの向きは同じ?
  5. さっきのやつと違って短形を伸ばす形→ノイズに強い
  6. 正直右のやつだけならハフ変換でいけるのでは? →そうですね