Near Field Communication (NFC), by which electronic devices communicate if held within a few centimeters of each other, is underpinned by global ISO specifications. It has attracted the attention of the largest telcos, transport companies, banks and others and new trials are frequently announced all over the world. However, it has yet to take off, despite phones with the Sony Felica interface, compatible with NFC, being placed in the hands of 50 million Japanese in little more than two years - one of the fastest adoption rates for electronics ever.

1. NFC-Enabled Phones and Contactless Smart Cards 2010-2020
This report compares and contrasts Near Field Communication (NFC), and particularly RFID enabled mobile
phones, with contactless smart cards and tickets. The emphasis is on how they are forms of RFID with
advantages and disadvantages and different development paths. We come to the surprising conclusion that
there will continue to be rapid growth in sales of all three alternatives for at least ten years. This follows 800
million Chinese acquiring contactless national ID cards in four years and 47 million Japanese adopting RFID
enabled, NFC compatible phones in three years. These were two of the fastest rollouts of electronic products
in human history.
Near Field Communication (NFC), by which electronic devices communicate if held within a few centimeters
of each other, is underpinned by global ISO specifications. It has attracted the attention of the largest telcos,
transport companies, banks and others and new trials are frequently announced all over the world. However, it
has yet to take off, despite phones with the Sony Felica interface, compatible with NFC, being placed in the
hands of 50 million Japanese in little more than two years - one of the fastest adoption rates for electronics
ever. The many trials confirm that we are all like the Japanese in seeking the convenience that such phones
can offer. So why the delay? Why do more and more trials?
With NFC phones, the telcos have nearly all the power and they have often failed to seek a mutuality of
benefit with others in the value chain. That has meant that very few NFC enabled phones have been made
available, banks are cautious about letting their cards be mimicked by the phones and transport operators are
cautious about the ticketing option being loaded. As in retail RFID, they can cite technical problems for delay
because telcos prefer NFC to be loaded on the SIM and that standard is not quite ready. There are also issues
such as the capacity of the SIM cards.
It will all be resolved in due course. The wealth of value added services in prospect for the telcos will see to
that but, as with retail RFID, the speed of progress will depend on how much mutuality of benefit is allowed to
emerge. At least there is a role model of success. The telco NTT DoCoMo is behind the early success of the
Japanese phones now commonly used for shop purchases and ticketing. It struck realistic deals, including
emulating the Suica stored value card held by 22 million people.
Major new report
In this major new report IDTechEx explores the many new technologies coming along such as printed
transistor circuits replacing the chip in tickets and later cards, with up to 90% cost reduction emerging and a
huge increase in sales resulting from that. A large number of contactless card and ticket schemes and their
suppliers across the world are analysed and the lessons of success and failure are revealed. IDTechEx explains
why a $4 billion business in contactless cards and tickets and their systems will emerge in 2018 and details the
elements of that business. Ten year forecasts are given for all these devices and systems.
New IDTechEx forecasts
IDTechEx forecasts that, while the yearly number of mobile phones sold rises from one to two billion in the
next few years, the number of RFID enabled phones sold will rise from 134 million in 2008 to 860 million in
2018. East Asians will continue to show the way, not because of differences in consumer wants but because
their governments and industry make sure the inter-industry haggling stops and projects that benefit the nation
go ahead. For example, IDTechEx sees the following numbers of RFID enabled phones sold in 2013.
NFC-Enabled Phones and Contactless Smart Cards 2010-2020

2. table Of Contents
executive Summary And Conclusions
1. Introduction
1.1. Rfid And Its New Forms
1.2. Contactless Smart Cards And Tickets
1.2.1. Contactless Smart Cards
1.2.2. Late Adoption
1.2.3. Memory Chip Vs Microprocessor
1.2.4. Compatibility
1.2.5. Dual Interface Smart Cards
1.2.6. Privacy And Security
1.2.7. Secure Access Cards
1.2.8. Contactless Smart Tickets
1.3. Near Field Communication (nfc)
1.3.1. Rfid Enabled Phones Are Not All Nfc
1.4. Effect Of Cards/ Tickets Competing With Nfc
2. Technologies For Contactless Cards And Tickets
2.1. Manufacturing Value Chain
2.2. Choice Of Frequency
2.3. Card Technology
2.4. Chip Choices And Designs
2.4.1. Chip Types
2.4.2. Chip Circuit And Security
2.4.3. Cost Structure
2.4.4. Battery Assisted Cards
2.5. Contactless Ticket Technology
3. Contactless Smart Cards In Action
3.1. Anatomy Of 105 Transport Schemes Worldwide
3.2. Stored Value Cards (svc) For Transport
3.2.1. Paybacks
3.3. Svc Cards And Rfid Phones For General Cash Replacement - Japan In The Lead
3.3.1. Huge Opportunity To Replace Cash
3.3.2. Jr East Suica And Its Many Partners
3.3.3. Edy Electronic Purse, Japan
3.3.4. Incompatibility Of Other Schemes
NFC-Enabled Phones and Contactless Smart Cards 2010-2020

3. 3.3.5. Universal Readers Begin To Appear
3.4. Major Card Schemes In China
3.4.1. China National Id Card
3.4.2. Golden Card Project/ Rfid Alliance/ Pilots And Funding China
3.4.3. The Yikatong Card China
3.4.4. Hong Kong Octopus China
3.4.5. City Cards In China
3.4.6. Student Cards China
3.5. Transport Cards Worldwide - Examples
3.5.1. Washington Wmata
3.5.2. Atlanta Marta Breeze Card And Tickets
3.5.3. London Oyster Uk
3.5.4. Kanto Japan
3.5.5. Osaka-kobe-kyoto Japan
3.5.6. Qingdao China
3.5.7. Seoul Korea, U-city, Digital Media City, Etc
3.5.8. Easyfueltm Peru
3.6. Secure Access Cards Worldwide - Examples
3.6.1. Introduction
3.6.2. Minneapolis St Paul Airport Usa
3.6.3. China Secure Access
3.6.4. Paybacks
3.7. The Move To Rfid Bank Cards
3.8. Bank Credit, Debit, Account And Svc Cards
3.8.1. Bank Cards For Transport? A Problem Of What They Charge Operators
3.8.2. Bank Cards For Transport? A Problem Of Speed
3.8.3. Visa Gets Faster
3.8.4. Mastercard Gets Faster - Uk Trial
3.8.5. Mastercard Paypass On New York Mass Transit
3.8.6. Paybacks
3.9. Contactless Smart Tickets In Action
3.9.1. China National Railway System
3.9.2. Aichi World Expo 2005 Japan
3.9.3. Buses Portugal And Norway
4. Standards
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Rfid Card And Ticket Standards
4.3. Move To Contactless Emv
4.4. Nfc Standards
NFC-Enabled Phones and Contactless Smart Cards 2010-2020

4. 5. Nfc In Action
5.1. Introduction
5.1.1. Origin Of Nfc
5.1.2. Rfid Enabled Mobile Phones
5.1.3. Business Cases - Fighting For Position
5.1.4. Standards
5.1.5. Swiss Army Knife?
5.2. Transport Led Case Studies
5.2.1. Mobile Suica, Japan
5.2.2. Hanau, Germany
5.2.3. Rhein Main Verkehrsverbund (rmv)
5.2.4. Xiamen, China
5.2.5. Chungwa Telecom, Taiwan
5.2.6. Bart, San Francisco
5.2.7. Ratp, Paris
5.2.8. Other French Transport Schemes - Marseille, Bordeaux
5.3. Payment Led Case Studies
5.3.1. Caen, France
5.3.2. Payez Mobile
5.3.3. Bitwallet Japan
5.3.4. O2 Wallet, Uk
5.3.5. Royal Bank Of Canada, Visa
5.3.6. Taiwan Mobile
5.3.7. Spokane, Washington, Usa
5.3.8. Melbourne, Australia
5.3.9. Commonwealth Bank, Mastercard, Australia
5.3.10. Singapore
5.3.11. Netherlands, Payter
5.3.12. Unionpay And Other Nfc Trials In China
5.3.13. Philips Arena, Atlanta Usa
5.3.14. Mastercard, Dallas, Usa
5.3.15. Discover, Motorola - Chicago And Salt Lake City
5.3.16. C1000, Netherlands
5.3.17. People's Bank, Georgia
5.3.18. Garanti Bank, Turkey
5.4. Access Led Case Studies
5.4.1. Upper Austria University Of Applied Sciences
5.4.2. O2 Wireless Festival, Uk
5.4.3. Manchester City Fc, Uk
5.4.4. Farglory, Taiwan
5.5. Service Delivery Led Case Studies
5.5.1. Home Care Providers, Uk
5.5.2. Smarttouch, Oulu, Finland
NFC-Enabled Phones and Contactless Smart Cards 2010-2020

5. 5.5.3. Carepro, Uk
5.5.4. Finnair Airlines, Helsinki-vantaa Airport, Finland
5.5.5. Home Health Care, Netherlands
5.6. Other Applications
5.6.1. Health Buddy
5.6.2. Vehicle Identification
5.6.3. Hi Honey, I'm Home
6. Contactless Cards Vs Nfc
6.1. Cash, Bank Card And Phone Payment Compete
6.2. Merits Of Contactless Cards Vs Rfid Enabled Phones
6.2.1. A Skeptic's View
6.2.2. The Idtechex Assessment
6.3. Consumer Response - Say One Thing, Do Another?
6.4. Contactless Card Companies Enter Nfc
6.5. Service Providers And Phone Manufacturers Fight For Share
6.6. Bouygues Telecom Agrees
6.7. Gsm Association Wades In
7. Market Forecasts 2008-2018
7.1. Contactless Smart Card Projections
7.1.1. Projections 2008-2018 By Number, Unit Price, Value
7.1.2. Financial And Multifunctional Cards
7.1.3. China National Id Card
7.1.4. Other National Id Cards
7.1.5. Transport Cards
7.1.6. Secure Access And Other Card Applications
7.2. Contactless Smart Ticket Projections
7.3. Forecasts For Hf Readers For Cards And Tickets
7.3.1. Readers For Financial Cards In The Us
7.4. Memory Vs Microprocessor Card Chip Projections
7.4.2. Memory Chip Cards And Tickets
7.4.3. Microprocessors
7.4.4. League Table Of Rfid Chip Suppliers
7.4.5. Contactless Cards As A Percentage Of All Smart Cards
7.5. Nfc Phones
7.5.2. Rfid Enabled Phone Sales By Region 2008-2018
7.6. Size Of The Opportunity To Replace Cash
7.7. The Prepaid Card Opportunity
NFC-Enabled Phones and Contactless Smart Cards 2010-2020

6. appendix 1: Idtechex Publications
ppendix 2: Glossary
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NFC-Enabled Phones and Contactless Smart Cards 2010-2020