This ppt will definitely help the health care worker to expand their knowledge in advance nursing practices and the future of Nursing.

1. New trends in Medical
Surgical Nursing
Sameer Jain, M.Sc (N)
Assistant Professor, Jotiba College of Nursing

2. Science is rapidly growing in all
fields, there are several new issues
in medical Surgical Nursing and a
lot of them have became trends
allover the world.
This presentation outlines the new
trends in medical surgical nursing
in practice, research, and education.

3. New Trends in Medical Surgical Nursing

4. New trends in practice
Covid-19
updates
Nanotechnology Robotics Clinical pathway
Telemedicine
Mobile health
applications
Gene therapy

5. Covid-19
Updates

6. • The COVID-19 pandemic was not in sight when the World Health
Organization (WHO) declared 2020 as the Year of the Nurse and
Midwife, with a goal to raise awareness of the need for “nine million
more nurses and midwives to achieve universal health coverage by
2030”

7. Covid-19
updates
• The multiple roles and functions
played by nurses are particularly
important during this COVID-19
pandemic. These important roles and
functions cover five domains:
• 1- providing health education,
screening services, and support for
the general public and for individuals
in high-risk categories. Health
education should cover strategies for
infection prevention.

8. Covid-19
updates
• 2- nosocomial infection prevention and surveillance.
Nurses screen suspected cases (recording case histories of
contact travel); implement standard precautions (hand
hygiene, respiratory hygiene, personal protective equipment,
injection safety, medication storage and handing, and
disinfection); and educate and train patients, families, and
healthcare staff

9. Covid-19
updates
• 3- implementing appropriate preparations and precautions
in nursing home and long-term care settings. Patients in long-
term care facilities and nursing homes are highly vulnerable
to infection, with those contracting COVID-19 facing a high
instance of experiencing severe pneumonia or even death.
Thus, preparing safe and protective care and environment at
these sites is a very important role of nurses during this
pandemic

10. Covid-19
updates
• 4- protection of patients with immune deficits or
underlying diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease, chronic illnesses, and cancer. These patients face
significantly higher health risks from a COVID-19 infection
than the general population. Patients with cancer, especially
those with hematological malignancies, who are currently
receiving chemotherapy as well as patients receiving
immunosuppressive therapies or bone marrow transplants
must be particularly well educated and cared for to prevent
infection. Educating patients on self-protection strategies is a
critical function of nurses

11. Covid-19
updates
• providing care to patients with COVID-19 who are in an
acute or critical condition. COVID-19 may induce severe
pneumonia and even lead to mortality in every age group,
with the highest risk groups including older adults and
individuals with immune deficits. Thus, it is important to
provide urgent, intensive care to patients who are infected
and symptomatic, particularly so for those with severe
conditions. Ensuring that healthcare providers are fully
protected by adequate personal protection equipment is
necessary to prevent them from becoming infected.

12. Nanotechnology

13. What Is
Nanotechnology?
• Nanotechnology is the study and application
of extremely small things and can be used
across all the other science fields, such as
chemistry, biology, physics, materials
science, and engineering.
• Nanotechnology, also shortened
to nanotech, is the use of matter on
an atomic, molecular,
and supramolecular scale for industrial
purposes.

14. What is
Nanoscience?
• Nanoscience: is the study of structures and
materials on an ultra-small scale, and the
unique and interesting properties these
materials demonstrate.
• Nanoscience is cross disciplinary, meaning
scientists from a range of fields including
chemistry, physics, biology, medicine,
computing, materials science and
engineering are studying it and using it to
better understand our world.

15. Biomedical
applications of
nanotechnology
• Cancer diagnosis and therapy remains the
most significant and has led to the
development of a new discipline .

16. Nano-oncology
• In cancer chemotherapy,
cytostatic drugs damage
both malignant and normal
cells alike. Thus, a drug
delivery strategy that
selectively targets the
malignant tumor is very
much needed

17. Nano-
oncology
• Compared with conventional
drug delivery approaches,
nanoparticle-mediated
delivery of anticancer drugs
brings several remarkable
advantages

18. Nanotheranostics
• is capable of combining dual
functions into one
nanomedicinal system; that
is, simultaneous drug therapy
(eg, chemotherapy), and
monitoring of pathological
progress and therapeutic
efficacy with medical imaging
tools such as magnetic
resonance imaging

19. Nanotheranostics
• Such integrated diagnostic and therapeutic
designs allow for the timely tailoring of
nanomedicine modules to address the
challenges of tumor heterogeneity and
adaptive resistance, which can ultimately
help achieve the goal of Personalized
Therapy for Cancer

20. Ultrasound-
Mediated
Drug
Delivery
• Ultrasound-Mediated Drug Delivery (UMDD)
is a novel technique for enhancing the
penetration of drugs into diseased tissue
beds noninvasively. This technique is
broadly appealing, given the potential of
ultrasound to control drug delivery spatially
and temporally in a noninvasive manner.

21. Ultrasound-
Mediated
Drug
Delivery
• UMDD has been demonstrated in a number
of tissue beds, including the blood–brain
barrier, cardiac tissue, prostate, and large
arteries. By encapsulating drugs into
microsized and nanosized liposomes, the
therapeutic can be shielded from
degradation within the vasculature until
delivery to a target site by ultrasound
exposure.

22. Ultrasound-
Mediated Drug
Delivery

23. Robotics

24. Robotics
• Robotic systems are used to
alleviate the burden on nursing
staff, adjust reduction in
workforce, while improving patient
outcome and quality of life
• The contributions of robots in the
health field are wide-ranging, such
as in lifting and patient mobility,
patient monitoring, surgery,
laboratory , tele-consultation, and
rehabilitation
“Shams” is the first robotic
nurse in Egypt
Ain-Shams University

25. • NANOROBOTS:
• One of the most advanced forms
of nano-medicine is nanorobots.
• Nanorobots are microscopic
devices measured on the scale of
nanometers.
25

26. Nanorobots
• Nano robots are nano devices.
• Very small in nano-dimensions.
• To repair or detect targeted damages and
infections.
www.iub.edu.pk 26

28. 28

29. 29

30. 30

31. • “A microscopic machine
roaming through the
bloodstream, injecting or
taking samples for
identification and
determining the
concentrations of different
compounds”
www.iub.edu.pk

32. •“A single inhaled
Nanorobot reaches,
deeply inspired into
the lungs and
attaches to the tissue
surface”
www.iub.edu.pk

33. Therapeutic Applications
33

34. 34

35. 35

36. 36

37. 37

38. 38

39. Nanorobots in diabetes
monitoring
• • The nanorobots may use embedded
nanobiosensors to monitor blood glucose
levels, and transmit every two hours this
information through RF signals for mobile
phones carried with the patient.
• • If the glucose is eventually not inside the
desired levels, the nanorobots activate a
pre-programmed tune in the cellular phone,
which may alert the patient to take any
necessary action regarding the diabetes
control with prescribed medicament
www.iub.edu.pk

40. • “Mechanical drilling of a small
tumor mass by a nanorobot”
www.iub.edu.pk

41. Four remote-controlled nanorobots examine and clean the subocclusal
surfaces of a patient's teeth, near the gum line.
Dental
Robots
41

42. detection of virus:
Medical nanodevices
could improves the immune
system by finding and
disabling unwanted
bacteria and viruses.
42
Virus Finder

43. ADVANTAGES
OF
NANOROBOTS
43
Rapid elimination of disease.
Nanorobots might also produce copies of
themselves to replace worn-out units, a
process called self-replication.
The major advantage of nanorobots is
thought to be their durability, in theory, they
can remain operational for years, decades or
centuries.

44. DISADVANTAGES
OF
NANOROBOTS
www.iub.edu.pk 44
The nanorobot should be very accurate
otherwise harmful events may occur.
The initial design cost is very high.
The design of this robot is very
complicated
Hard to design.
Regulatory Issues

45. Clinical
pathway

46. Clinical
pathways
Clinical pathways (CPWs) are
tools used to guide evidence-
based healthcare. Their aim is
to translate clinical practice
guideline recommendations
into clinical processes of care
within the unique culture and
environment of a healthcare
institution.

47. A CPW is a structured multidisciplinary care
plan with the following characteristics:
It is used to translate
guidelines or
evidence into local
structures;
It details the steps in
a course of treatment
or care in a plan,
pathway, algorithm,
guideline, protocol or
other “inventory of
actions”; and
It aims to standardize
care for a specific
clinical problem,
procedure or episode
of healthcare in a
specific population.

48. Example of
clinical
pathway of
covid-19
hospitalized
patient

49. Telemedicine

50. Telehealth
Medical Chat Bots is
useful tools that
patients can use to
receive advice,
education, and
personalized health
recommendations, as
well as remind them
to take their pills, it
can overcome nurses
shortage.

51. Electronic
Health Records
-Is a digital version of a
patient’s paper chart. EHRs are
patient-centered records that
make information available
instantly and securely to
authorized users. “It is applied
in the 57357 hospital.”

52. New Technology for Patient Assessment
Pain-Free Blood Testing
Technology

53. Mobile
health
applications

54. Application of Artificial Intelligence in Patient Care

55. Gene therapy

56. Gene therapy and covid 19
56

57. Development of
COVID-19
vaccines utilizing
gene therapy
technology
57
International Immunology, dxab013,
https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxab013
Published:27 March 2021

58. Viral vector
vaccines
58
Viral vectors are tools to efficiently deliver
genetic material into cells.
As viral vectors, viruses are genetically
engineered to efficiently produce some
coronavirus proteins.
Measles or adenovirus have been utilized as
vectors that can efficiently enter cells, but
the viral vector itself is weakened and
cannot cause disease.

59. • These types of vaccine
technologies have been
developed over more than 20
years using translational
research for use against cancer
or diseases caused by genetic
disorders but the COVID-19
vaccines are the first licensed
drugs to prevent infectious
diseases using RNA vaccine
technology.
59

60. Cont.,
• Vaccines using virus DNA or RNA are included in this
group. On the basis of genomic information, DNA or
RNA of the coronavirus gene or a modified gene is
delivered into the cells in the body to provoke an
immune response.
• These types of vaccines can be easily developed to use
only genetic material, not viruses, and potentially
activate cellular Immunity as well as humoral immunity.
• https://academic.oup.com/intimm/advance-
article/doi/10.1093/intimm/dxab013/6194108
60

61. New Trends in education

63. New trends
in
Education
Blended learning
Virtual reality
Accelerated programs
Gamification

64. Virtual nursing education
• Virtual reality simulations show nursing students what it is like to be in a real-world clinical setting
and what problems and risks

65. Virtual nursing education
•they may encounter there, and
thus, helps them develop skills,
build confidence, and prepare for
clinical practice.

66. Simulations in Nursing Education

68. Simulations in Nursing Education
•Simulation is the “process of designing a
model of a real system and conducting
experiments with this model for the
purpose of either understanding the
behavior of the system and/or
evaluating various strategies for the
operation of the system

69. Innovative Technologies
Technology exerts greater
influence on nursing education
as a tool for teaching and
learning.
Ex. like projectors, Smart
boards, computer models and
simulation labs are now widely
used by nursing teachers to
provide effective teaching
experiences to students.

70. Innovative
Technologies
cont.

71. Furthering Nursing
Education Online cont.
• It has expanded to
include the
online Master of
Science in
Nursing and the
online Doctor of
Nursing Practice.

72. Furthering
Nursing
Education
Online
Cont.
This is a perfect fit for nurses
seeking higher levels of
education who are in areas
without a university nearby.
Online education makes it
accessible for nurses to earn
their advanced degrees.

73. Specialization and
education
The demand for RNs who specialize in specific
areas of medicine—psychiatry, obstetrics,
gerontology, etc.—is on the rise

74. Specialization
and education
Cont.
Specialization, and
subsequent certification,
provides the patient and the
health care institution with
assurances that the nurse is
highly knowledgeable and
competent in a specific area
of care

75. New trends in
Nursing
Research

76. Current trends in Medical Nursing research in Egypt and Middle East
Covid-19
nursing issues
Pandemic
nursing
management
Oncology
nursing
Bariatric
nursing
Entrepreneurs
in medical
surgical nursing
Genetic nursing
Complementary
health nursing

77. Current
trends in
Medical
Nursing
research in
Egypt and
Middle East
cont’d
Orthopedic nursing palliative nursing
Perioperative nursing (nurse anesthetist)
Stem cell nursing management
Alternative therapy
Artificial intelligence in nursing

78. Current Trends in
Nursing Research
Across Five Locations:
The United States,
South Korea, Taiwan,
Japan, and Hong Kong
First published: 03
2020
https://doi.org/10.11
592
Six themes reflecting the current trends in
nursing research were extracted:
(a) demographic alterations;
(b) increasing diversities and
globalization;
(c) technology innovation;
(d) individualized or personal care and
population health initiatives;
(e) health policies and regulations;
(f) nursing workforce changes.