The document discusses the challenges with targeted nitrosamine analysis in pharmaceutical products and introduces Ellutia's 800 Series TEA Detector for total nitrosamine analysis as a screening tool. It provides examples of total nitrosamine analysis of samples like shampoo and tablets. The conclusion is that total nitrosamine screening allows more efficient use of resources to identify positives for further targeted analysis compared to targeted analysis of all samples.
Method development for the analysis of mono-carbonyl compounds in e-vapor pro...Rana Tayyarah
A robust method for ecigarette FDA-CTP PMTA guidance analytes:
formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, crotonaldehyde
This presentation also includes details related to method optimization experiments.
2020_ST03_ZhuJ copy.pdf
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR DETERMINATION OF HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN MO...Malvina Haxhiu
Human serum albumin is a protein in the blood with a molecular mass 66.5 kDa.
In this study, was developed a method for determination of human serum albumin protein as monomer and its aggregates using a size exclusion column and HPLC instrument. Optimum conditions of the method were flow rate 0.2 ml/min, injection volume of the sample with concentration 5 mg/ml was 0.2 µl, column temperature 30oC, wavelength 214 nm. Mobile phase was sodium phosphate at concentration 150 mM and pH 7 using an isocratic elution. The method is validated in term of linearity, precision robustness, specificity, system suitability test and stability.
In this application note, the amount of sugar or carbohydrate in a soft drink was determined using a colorimetric method. The rapid measurement of the PDA (Photodiode Array) UV/Vis Spectrophotometer allows for the collection of accurate data from the time-dependent reaction. The calibration curve was automatically calculated using the Quantification mode of the UV Lab™ software.
Method development for the analysis of mono-carbonyl compounds in e-vapor pro...Rana Tayyarah
A robust method for ecigarette FDA-CTP PMTA guidance analytes:
formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, crotonaldehyde
This presentation also includes details related to method optimization experiments.
2020_ST03_ZhuJ copy.pdf
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR DETERMINATION OF HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN MO...Malvina Haxhiu
Human serum albumin is a protein in the blood with a molecular mass 66.5 kDa.
In this study, was developed a method for determination of human serum albumin protein as monomer and its aggregates using a size exclusion column and HPLC instrument. Optimum conditions of the method were flow rate 0.2 ml/min, injection volume of the sample with concentration 5 mg/ml was 0.2 µl, column temperature 30oC, wavelength 214 nm. Mobile phase was sodium phosphate at concentration 150 mM and pH 7 using an isocratic elution. The method is validated in term of linearity, precision robustness, specificity, system suitability test and stability.
In this application note, the amount of sugar or carbohydrate in a soft drink was determined using a colorimetric method. The rapid measurement of the PDA (Photodiode Array) UV/Vis Spectrophotometer allows for the collection of accurate data from the time-dependent reaction. The calibration curve was automatically calculated using the Quantification mode of the UV Lab™ software.
Enzyme Based Analytical Chemistry - Nitrate and the U.S. EPAAnna-Marie Davidson
Learn about how a recombinant enzyme, nitrate reductase, is used for analytical quantification of nitrate in a variety of complex sample matrices. Check out data from the U.S. EPA CWA validation study and all of the various formats NECi Superior Enzymes offers from laboratory to on-site. Be in the know of recent research regarding recombinant protein technology for analytical chemistry.
Analysis for and quantification of sulfur in crude oil, natural gas, petrochemicals, and industrial chemicals is critical to ensuring quality, process control, and safety for refinery, processors, and users. Understanding the speciation and concentration of sulfur compounds is vital in the hydrocarbon processing industry. Gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection (GC-SCD) is one of the most powerful tools for sulfur analysis of hydrocarbons. This poster showcases the use of a new SCD for analysis according to various ASTM methods.
In this application note, the quantitative analysis of total phosphorus (T-P) was performed by the ascorbic acid method. Data are rapidly acquired using the LAMBDA™ 465 UV-Vis pectrophotometer and processed using the UV Lab™ Software.
EPA Method 200.7, Trace Elements in Water, Solids, and Biosolids by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry, describes the procedure and requirements for multi-element determinations by ICP-AES. This presentation demonstrates the capability of the ICPE-9820, with the ASC-9800 Auto-sampler and the Standard Addition Kit, to produce quick, accurate results that comply with the method.
One Year of NYSC Service at Nigachem Nigeria Limited by Omokpariola Elshalom ...OmokpariolaElshalom
It tells a brief summary of what I was able to learn during my one year of service at Nigachem Nigeria Limited Facotry, Aro-Eere, Ogun State. I was assigned to three departments which are as follows: The Sales department, QA QC department, and the Administrative department (Weigh-bridge). It was a lifetime achievement as I was also able to experience work ethics and overcame tough challenges as I was the only lady assigned to the factory from the head office during my stay.
Particles in the Biotech Product Life Cycle: Analysis, Identification and Con...SGS
This presentation looks at the different technologies available for detection of particles generated during the drug development lifecycle and their control using a formulation approach for particles generated as a result of agitation and freeze/thaw, events commonly observed during sample shipment and temperature excursions.
Analysis of Vanadium, Nickel, Sodium, and Iron in Fuel Oils using Flame Atomi...PerkinElmer, Inc.
Standard Test Methods for Determination of Nickel, Vanadium, Iron, and Sodium in Crude Oils and Residual Fuels by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Learn more about our solutions: http://bit.ly/1hNfQIF
Gerador~Extrator de Nitrogênio CKD CORP. - Série: NS・NSU・PNA・NS-QFSJúlio Gengo
Unidade de extração de gás nitrogênio
SÉRIES: NS・NSU
Ele separa e purifica facilmente o nitrogênio de alta pureza necessário para aplicações à prova de oxidação e à prova de explosão do ar comprimido. A instalação horizontal está agora disponível com maior flexibilidade na instalação. Além disso, uma ampla faixa de concentração de nitrogênio está disponível de 90% a 99,9%. O modelo ideal é selecionado entre as 17 taxas de fluxo e 25 modelos, e o estado do suprimento de nitrogênio pode ser constantemente monitorado com um sensor de oxigênio em linha e um medidor de fluxo.
[Flexibilidade aprimorada na instalação e no projeto]
A instalação horizontal já está disponível. Maior facilidade de uso, incluindo instalação em espaço morto e instalação em equipamentos.
【Intervalo de concentração expandido】
O intervalo de concentração de nitrogênio agora está disponível a partir de 90%.
É fácil de usar para aplicações com baixo teor de nitrogênio.
[Purificação fácil]
Purifica facilmente o gás nitrogênio sem usar um cilindro ou equipamento grande. Gera um gás enriquecido com nitrogênio utilizando uma membrana de separação de fibra oca que transmite oxigênio facilmente.
[Mais compacto e conveniente através de 3 reduções]
Tubulação reduzida: O trabalho de tubulação longa é desnecessário, pois pode ser instalado próximo ao equipamento.
Processos/espaço reduzidos: Propomos o sistema ideal de acordo com a vazão necessária. Contribui para procedimentos e espaço reduzidos.
[Fácil manutenção]
O cilindro não precisa de gerenciamento de quantidade restante, substituição ou recarga.
O único custo de manutenção necessário é a eletricidade para o compressor de ar.
A substituição de componentes é possível sem desmontar a tubulação.
***Os modelos ideais podem ser selecionados de um total de 25 tipos.
[Fácil Monitoramento de taxa de fluxo ]
Uma linha de sensores de taxa de fluxo dedicados NSU. As taxas de fluxo de gás nitrogênio podem ser monitoradas constantemente.
[Conexão do sensor de concentração de oxigênio]
O Monitor de Oxigênio Inline Série PNA pode ser conectado.
Process for making a totally new ANFO product that is waterproof with a plastic consistency. This product can easily outshoot any high strength nitroglycerin dynamite.
This application note describes the methodology and use of the Shimadzu ICPMS-2030 ICP mass spectrometer for the analysis of trace elements in drinking and fresh waters following the EPA 200.8 method. This method is also used for analysis of wastewater. Here, we demonstrate the stability and sensitivity of the ICPMS-2030 for EPA 200.8 analyses.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Enzyme Based Analytical Chemistry - Nitrate and the U.S. EPAAnna-Marie Davidson
Learn about how a recombinant enzyme, nitrate reductase, is used for analytical quantification of nitrate in a variety of complex sample matrices. Check out data from the U.S. EPA CWA validation study and all of the various formats NECi Superior Enzymes offers from laboratory to on-site. Be in the know of recent research regarding recombinant protein technology for analytical chemistry.
Analysis for and quantification of sulfur in crude oil, natural gas, petrochemicals, and industrial chemicals is critical to ensuring quality, process control, and safety for refinery, processors, and users. Understanding the speciation and concentration of sulfur compounds is vital in the hydrocarbon processing industry. Gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection (GC-SCD) is one of the most powerful tools for sulfur analysis of hydrocarbons. This poster showcases the use of a new SCD for analysis according to various ASTM methods.
In this application note, the quantitative analysis of total phosphorus (T-P) was performed by the ascorbic acid method. Data are rapidly acquired using the LAMBDA™ 465 UV-Vis pectrophotometer and processed using the UV Lab™ Software.
EPA Method 200.7, Trace Elements in Water, Solids, and Biosolids by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry, describes the procedure and requirements for multi-element determinations by ICP-AES. This presentation demonstrates the capability of the ICPE-9820, with the ASC-9800 Auto-sampler and the Standard Addition Kit, to produce quick, accurate results that comply with the method.
One Year of NYSC Service at Nigachem Nigeria Limited by Omokpariola Elshalom ...OmokpariolaElshalom
It tells a brief summary of what I was able to learn during my one year of service at Nigachem Nigeria Limited Facotry, Aro-Eere, Ogun State. I was assigned to three departments which are as follows: The Sales department, QA QC department, and the Administrative department (Weigh-bridge). It was a lifetime achievement as I was also able to experience work ethics and overcame tough challenges as I was the only lady assigned to the factory from the head office during my stay.
Particles in the Biotech Product Life Cycle: Analysis, Identification and Con...SGS
This presentation looks at the different technologies available for detection of particles generated during the drug development lifecycle and their control using a formulation approach for particles generated as a result of agitation and freeze/thaw, events commonly observed during sample shipment and temperature excursions.
Analysis of Vanadium, Nickel, Sodium, and Iron in Fuel Oils using Flame Atomi...PerkinElmer, Inc.
Standard Test Methods for Determination of Nickel, Vanadium, Iron, and Sodium in Crude Oils and Residual Fuels by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Learn more about our solutions: http://bit.ly/1hNfQIF
Gerador~Extrator de Nitrogênio CKD CORP. - Série: NS・NSU・PNA・NS-QFSJúlio Gengo
Unidade de extração de gás nitrogênio
SÉRIES: NS・NSU
Ele separa e purifica facilmente o nitrogênio de alta pureza necessário para aplicações à prova de oxidação e à prova de explosão do ar comprimido. A instalação horizontal está agora disponível com maior flexibilidade na instalação. Além disso, uma ampla faixa de concentração de nitrogênio está disponível de 90% a 99,9%. O modelo ideal é selecionado entre as 17 taxas de fluxo e 25 modelos, e o estado do suprimento de nitrogênio pode ser constantemente monitorado com um sensor de oxigênio em linha e um medidor de fluxo.
[Flexibilidade aprimorada na instalação e no projeto]
A instalação horizontal já está disponível. Maior facilidade de uso, incluindo instalação em espaço morto e instalação em equipamentos.
【Intervalo de concentração expandido】
O intervalo de concentração de nitrogênio agora está disponível a partir de 90%.
É fácil de usar para aplicações com baixo teor de nitrogênio.
[Purificação fácil]
Purifica facilmente o gás nitrogênio sem usar um cilindro ou equipamento grande. Gera um gás enriquecido com nitrogênio utilizando uma membrana de separação de fibra oca que transmite oxigênio facilmente.
[Mais compacto e conveniente através de 3 reduções]
Tubulação reduzida: O trabalho de tubulação longa é desnecessário, pois pode ser instalado próximo ao equipamento.
Processos/espaço reduzidos: Propomos o sistema ideal de acordo com a vazão necessária. Contribui para procedimentos e espaço reduzidos.
[Fácil manutenção]
O cilindro não precisa de gerenciamento de quantidade restante, substituição ou recarga.
O único custo de manutenção necessário é a eletricidade para o compressor de ar.
A substituição de componentes é possível sem desmontar a tubulação.
***Os modelos ideais podem ser selecionados de um total de 25 tipos.
[Fácil Monitoramento de taxa de fluxo ]
Uma linha de sensores de taxa de fluxo dedicados NSU. As taxas de fluxo de gás nitrogênio podem ser monitoradas constantemente.
[Conexão do sensor de concentração de oxigênio]
O Monitor de Oxigênio Inline Série PNA pode ser conectado.
Process for making a totally new ANFO product that is waterproof with a plastic consistency. This product can easily outshoot any high strength nitroglycerin dynamite.
This application note describes the methodology and use of the Shimadzu ICPMS-2030 ICP mass spectrometer for the analysis of trace elements in drinking and fresh waters following the EPA 200.8 method. This method is also used for analysis of wastewater. Here, we demonstrate the stability and sensitivity of the ICPMS-2030 for EPA 200.8 analyses.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Toxic effects of heavy metals : Lead and Arsenicsanjana502982
Heavy metals are naturally occuring metallic chemical elements that have relatively high density, and are toxic at even low concentrations. All toxic metals are termed as heavy metals irrespective of their atomic mass and density, eg. arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium, thallium, chromium, etc.
Salas, V. (2024) "John of St. Thomas (Poinsot) on the Science of Sacred Theol...Studia Poinsotiana
I Introduction
II Subalternation and Theology
III Theology and Dogmatic Declarations
IV The Mixed Principles of Theology
V Virtual Revelation: The Unity of Theology
VI Theology as a Natural Science
VII Theology’s Certitude
VIII Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
All the contents are fully attributable to the author, Doctor Victor Salas. Should you wish to get this text republished, get in touch with the author or the editorial committee of the Studia Poinsotiana. Insofar as possible, we will be happy to broker your contact.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
2. The need for non-targeted analysis of
Nitrosamines within the Pharmaceutical
Industry
3. Agenda
History of nitrosamines in pharmaceutical
products
Challenges with a targeted approach
Ellutia’s 800 Series TEA Detector
Total Nitrosamine Analysis
Examples
Conclusion
9. Targeted Testing -
Challenges
• Methods have been developed to meet requirements of
sensitivity and other typical validation criteria
• These are for specific known nitrosamines
• Sample prep guidelines are generally for specific matrixes
10. Targeted Testing -
Challenges
• Creating a target list is critical to the risk assessment process
• This assumes a that you know what you are looking for
• This may be limited by current understanding
• Potential to exclude “unexpected nitrosamines”
• Standards are available
11. Targeted Testing -
Challenges
• Analytical Challenges
- Detecting any nitrosamine present, not just those that you have standards for.
- Concentrating the sample sufficiently to meet the required LOD.
• Resources – Speed vs Cost
- Where analyte resolution is required, this takes time.
- If the throughput is low, are only finished products tested?
- Sample numbers can be increased by buying more analysis systems (GC/LC-MS-MS)
- Expensive equipment, specialist gases, convoluted extraction procedures.
13. 800 Series TEA
Detector
• Nitroso, nitro and
nitrogen
chemiluminescence
detector.
• Used for the detection of
nitrosamines in many
industries.
Rubber products.
Smoked foods and
meats.
Brewing and
malting.
Agrochemicals.
Cosmetics.
Pharmaceutical Pyrolyser
14. 800 Series TEA
Detector
• One result for apparent total nitrosamine content (ATNC).
Both volatile and non-volatile nitrosamines detected in a single injection.
• No separation of compounds – quantitative, not qualitative analysis.
• Positive samples can be swiftly identified for further speciated analysis.
• Ideal for screening and quality checking.
• Result usually given as N-N=O concentration.
• Independent of ‘R’ groups, therefore not critical which nitrosamine is used for calibration purposes.
1.0mg/L NDMA = 0.60mg/L N-N=O
1.0mg/L NDPA = 0.34mg/L N-N=O
1.0mg/L NDELA = 0.33mg/L N-N=O
17. Total Nitrosamine
Analysis
1. Immersion Chiller
2. Lab Jack
3. Heater/Magnetic Stirrer
4. Reaction Vessel
5. Double Surface Condenser
6. Peristaltic Pump
7. Lab Jack
8. Coolant Reservoir
9. Cold Trap
10. 800 Series TEA
Vacuum pump – not shown
Ellutia has been selling a manual/glassware chemical stripping
system globally for decades.
18. Automated Total
Nitrosamine Analysis as a
Screening Tool
• Much larger sample volume
• Sharper peaks
• Better signal to noise ratio
• As low as .5 ppb
20. Total Nitrosamine
Analysis
Calibration Standards
[min]
Time
1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4
[mV]
Voltage
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Chromatograms of the standards for 0 to 10ng/mL of NDMA in methanol (0 to 11.9ng of the N-N=O molecule; 2mL sample volume). Highlighting the sensitivity at
the lower limits of detection in this system.
25. Examples
Shampoo
Sample
Sample Vol
(mL)
Extraction Volume
(mL)
Inj Vol
(µL)
Area
ng N-N=O
injected
ng N-N=O in
sample
ng/g or mL N-N=O
in sample
Example Shampoo 2 2 2000 343.411 31.2 31.2 15.6
Example Shampoo 2 2 2000 339.180 30.8 30.8 15.4
Example Shampoo 2 2 2000 346.413 31.5 31.5 15.7
Sample Preparation – Add 2mL shampoo to a 10mL headspace vial, add Reaction Mixture, cap
26. Examples
Tablets
Sample
Sample Mass
(g)
Extraction Volume
(mL)
Inj Vol
(µL)
Area
ng N-N=O
injected
ng N-N=O in
sample
ng/g or mL N-N=O
in sample
Example Tablets 20.558 20 2000 903.762 85.1 850.6 41.4
Example Tablets 20.558 20 2000 949.476 89.5 894.5 43.5
Sample Preparation – Weigh ground tablets into an extraction vessel. Add extraction solvent (MeOH). Vortex and place on a roller to
extract. Centrifuge and then filter the supernatant. Add 2mL supernatant to a 10mL headspace vial, add Reaction Mixture, cap
27. Examples
Removing Nitrites/Nitrates - Experimental Plan
An SPE Cartridge has been developed at Ellutia with the intention to remove nitrites/nitrates from a
simulated extraction of a pharmaceutical product containing a mixture of nitrites and nitrosamines.
10ng/ml standards of NDMA and NaNO₂; and a mixture of NDMA and NaNO₂, both at a
concentration of 10ng/ml in methanol were prepared and analysed with no further sample
preparation.
Three aliquots of 5ml of methanol was passed through three cartridges.
Three aliquots of 5ml of 10ng/ml NDMA in methanol was passed through three cartridges.
Three aliquots of 5ml of 10ng/ml NaNO₂ in methanol was passed through three cartridges.
28. Examples
Chromatogram of Blank Standard
An example chromatogram showing the blank standard with %RSD of less than 10%. It is expected
to see a rise in baseline from the injection pulse
[min]
Time
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
[mV]
Voltage
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
1
29. Examples
Chromatogram of NDMA
Two example NDMA Chromatograms displayed against the blank standard. The NDMA standard and
NDMA standard that was passed through the cartridge are seen to have similar area, indicating that
the cartridge allows nitrosamines to pass through.
[min]
Time
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
[mV]
Voltage
-10
0
10
20
30
1
30. Examples
Chromatogram of NaNO₂
[min]
Time
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
[mV]
Voltage
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Two example NaNO₂ Chromatograms displayed against the blank standard. Passing the NaNO₂
standard through the cartridge results in an area similar to that of the blank standard. This indicates
that the cartridge prevents nitrites from passing through.
31. Examples
Chromatogram of NDMA with NaNO₂
[min]
Time
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
[mV]
Voltage
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
The NaNO₂ with NDMA standard shows the largest area, as expected. Passing the NaNO₂ with
NDMA standard through the cartridge results in a peak area similar to the NDMA standard. This
indicates that the cartridge prevents nitrites from passing through, yet still has no effect on the
33. Conclusion
A rapid, simple, cheap, reliable screening tool for total nitrosamines,
allowing the more expensive extraction and identification methods to be
used solely on positive samples, is an efficient means to screen large
numbers of samples that are expected to be negative for nitrosamines.
It has been demonstrated that the prototype the Ellutia SPE Cartridge is
capable of removing nitrites from a simulated methanolic extraction of a
pharmaceutical product without removing an NDMA standard of
10ng/ml.
34. Summary
History of nitrosamines in pharmaceutical
products
Challenges with a targeted approach
Ellutia’s 800 Series TEA Detector
Total Nitrosamine Analysis
Examples
Conclusion